Optimized Extraction of Polyphenols from Unconventional Edible Plants: LC-MS/MS Profiling of Polyphenols, Biological Functions, Molecular Docking, and Pharmacokinetics Study
Plant bioactive phenolic metabolites have recently attracted the attention of researchers due to their numerous health advantages. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate with advanced techniques the bioactive metabolites and antioxidant and antidiabetic capacity of four unconventional edible pla...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/18/6703 |
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| author | Hafiza Sehrish Kiani Waheed Ahmad Sana Nawaz Mohammad Abul Farah Akhtar Ali |
| author_facet | Hafiza Sehrish Kiani Waheed Ahmad Sana Nawaz Mohammad Abul Farah Akhtar Ali |
| author_sort | Hafiza Sehrish Kiani |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Plant bioactive phenolic metabolites have recently attracted the attention of researchers due to their numerous health advantages. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate with advanced techniques the bioactive metabolites and antioxidant and antidiabetic capacity of four unconventional edible plant leaves: lemongrass (<i>Cymbopogon citratus</i> (DC.) Stapf), chicory (<i>Cichorium intybus</i> L.), moringa (<i>Moringa oleifera</i> Lam.), and ryegrass (<i>Lolium perenne</i> L.). The extraction process was optimized using different solvents. These plants’ phenolic composition, identification, and characterization have been determined herein using LCESI-QTOF-MS/MS. This research identified 85 phenolic compounds, including 24 phenolic acids, 31 flavonoids, 7 stilbenes and lignans, and 17 other metabolites. Moreover, the study determined that moringa has the highest total phenolic content (TPC; 18.5 ± 1.01 mg GAE/g), whereas ryegrass has the lowest (3.54 ± 0.08 mg GAE/g) among the selected plants. It seems that, compared to other plants, moringa was found to have the highest antioxidant potential and antidiabetic potential. In addition, twenty-two phenolic compounds were quantified in these chosen edible plants. Rosmarinic acid, chlorogenic acid, chicoric acid, ferulic acid, protocatechuic acid, and caffeic acid were the most abundant phenolic acids. In silico molecular docking was also conducted to investigate the structure–function relationship of phenolic compounds to inhibit the alpha-glucosidase. Finally, the simulated pharmacokinetic characteristics of the most common substances were also predicted. In short, this investigation opens the way for further study into these plants’ pharmaceutical and dietary potential. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:24:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-66b21ec5b324400791bc5a8cfc140432 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:24:06Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-66b21ec5b324400791bc5a8cfc1404322023-11-19T12:11:15ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492023-09-012818670310.3390/molecules28186703Optimized Extraction of Polyphenols from Unconventional Edible Plants: LC-MS/MS Profiling of Polyphenols, Biological Functions, Molecular Docking, and Pharmacokinetics StudyHafiza Sehrish Kiani0Waheed Ahmad1Sana Nawaz2Mohammad Abul Farah3Akhtar Ali4Department of Microbiology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, PakistanState Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, ChinaDepartment of Nutritional Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, PakistanDepartment of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaSchool of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, AustraliaPlant bioactive phenolic metabolites have recently attracted the attention of researchers due to their numerous health advantages. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate with advanced techniques the bioactive metabolites and antioxidant and antidiabetic capacity of four unconventional edible plant leaves: lemongrass (<i>Cymbopogon citratus</i> (DC.) Stapf), chicory (<i>Cichorium intybus</i> L.), moringa (<i>Moringa oleifera</i> Lam.), and ryegrass (<i>Lolium perenne</i> L.). The extraction process was optimized using different solvents. These plants’ phenolic composition, identification, and characterization have been determined herein using LCESI-QTOF-MS/MS. This research identified 85 phenolic compounds, including 24 phenolic acids, 31 flavonoids, 7 stilbenes and lignans, and 17 other metabolites. Moreover, the study determined that moringa has the highest total phenolic content (TPC; 18.5 ± 1.01 mg GAE/g), whereas ryegrass has the lowest (3.54 ± 0.08 mg GAE/g) among the selected plants. It seems that, compared to other plants, moringa was found to have the highest antioxidant potential and antidiabetic potential. In addition, twenty-two phenolic compounds were quantified in these chosen edible plants. Rosmarinic acid, chlorogenic acid, chicoric acid, ferulic acid, protocatechuic acid, and caffeic acid were the most abundant phenolic acids. In silico molecular docking was also conducted to investigate the structure–function relationship of phenolic compounds to inhibit the alpha-glucosidase. Finally, the simulated pharmacokinetic characteristics of the most common substances were also predicted. In short, this investigation opens the way for further study into these plants’ pharmaceutical and dietary potential.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/18/6703medicinal plantspolyphenolsflavonoidschicoryryegrassmoringa |
| spellingShingle | Hafiza Sehrish Kiani Waheed Ahmad Sana Nawaz Mohammad Abul Farah Akhtar Ali Optimized Extraction of Polyphenols from Unconventional Edible Plants: LC-MS/MS Profiling of Polyphenols, Biological Functions, Molecular Docking, and Pharmacokinetics Study Molecules medicinal plants polyphenols flavonoids chicory ryegrass moringa |
| title | Optimized Extraction of Polyphenols from Unconventional Edible Plants: LC-MS/MS Profiling of Polyphenols, Biological Functions, Molecular Docking, and Pharmacokinetics Study |
| title_full | Optimized Extraction of Polyphenols from Unconventional Edible Plants: LC-MS/MS Profiling of Polyphenols, Biological Functions, Molecular Docking, and Pharmacokinetics Study |
| title_fullStr | Optimized Extraction of Polyphenols from Unconventional Edible Plants: LC-MS/MS Profiling of Polyphenols, Biological Functions, Molecular Docking, and Pharmacokinetics Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Optimized Extraction of Polyphenols from Unconventional Edible Plants: LC-MS/MS Profiling of Polyphenols, Biological Functions, Molecular Docking, and Pharmacokinetics Study |
| title_short | Optimized Extraction of Polyphenols from Unconventional Edible Plants: LC-MS/MS Profiling of Polyphenols, Biological Functions, Molecular Docking, and Pharmacokinetics Study |
| title_sort | optimized extraction of polyphenols from unconventional edible plants lc ms ms profiling of polyphenols biological functions molecular docking and pharmacokinetics study |
| topic | medicinal plants polyphenols flavonoids chicory ryegrass moringa |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/18/6703 |
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