The Predictive Value of Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index and Symptom Severity Score for Sepsis and Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome in Odontogenic Infections
Acute Odontogenic Infections (OI) are the leading cause of emergency visits and hospitalizations to the maxillofacial department, and may induce systemic inflammatory complications. Increasing numbers of OI patients need extended hospitalizations, various treatments, and intensive care. The Symptom...
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MDPI AG
2022-12-01
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author | Marius Pricop Oana Ancusa Serban Talpos Horatiu Urechescu Bogdan Andrei Bumbu |
author_facet | Marius Pricop Oana Ancusa Serban Talpos Horatiu Urechescu Bogdan Andrei Bumbu |
author_sort | Marius Pricop |
collection | DOAJ |
description | Acute Odontogenic Infections (OI) are the leading cause of emergency visits and hospitalizations to the maxillofacial department, and may induce systemic inflammatory complications. Increasing numbers of OI patients need extended hospitalizations, various treatments, and intensive care. The Symptom Severity score (SS) helps doctors assess the likelihood of infection and admission complications. Systemic Immune-inflammation Index (SII) is a biomarker-based inflammatory prognosis score. It was hypothesized that greater SII and SS values might suggest a higher risk for sepsis and systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). Therefore, this research aims to discover whether SII and SS scores can reliably predict odontogenic infection severity and prognosis, and if they can be used to predict the development of SIRS and sepsis in OI using admission features. The study was designed as a retrospective cohort, with patients’ data being retrieved from medical records between January 2017 to April 2022. A total of 108 OI patients were matched 1:1 as low-severity and high-severity groups. Most individuals with severe infections had diabetes and smoking as comorbidities. Severe patients had longer hospital stays (12.0 days vs. 4.1 days), although mortality rates did not significantly differ. A total of 11.1% lower-severity patients (Group A) had SIRS during hospitalization, compared to Group B with 25.9%. Group A had 7.4% of patients that developed sepsis compared to Group B’s rate of 22.2%. The correlation between OI’s SS and SII index values was positive and statistically significant (r = 0.6314). The total SII index mean was 1303, whereas the mean values by severity were 696.3 in Group A and 2312.4 in Group B. Group A’s mean SS score was 6.1, while Group B’s was 13.6. According to the calculated AUC plots, SII and SS scores were accurate predictors of sepsis and SIRS development using OI admission parameters. The adjusted odds ratio for SIRS in OI patients was 2.09, and 2.27 for sepsis. Medical professionals and dentistry teams should be encouraged to use the SII and SS scores to diagnose and anticipate sepsis and SIRS, hence improving disease management decisions. |
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spelling | doaj.art-66c66427aeb14d39a743f2609862a20a2023-11-24T16:02:20ZengMDPI AGJournal of Personalized Medicine2075-44262022-12-011212202610.3390/jpm12122026The Predictive Value of Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index and Symptom Severity Score for Sepsis and Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome in Odontogenic InfectionsMarius Pricop0Oana Ancusa1Serban Talpos2Horatiu Urechescu3Bogdan Andrei Bumbu4Discipline of Oral and Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, RomaniaDepartment V, Discipline of Medical Semiology I, Faculty of General Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, RomaniaDiscipline of Oral and Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, RomaniaDiscipline of Oral and Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, RomaniaDepartment of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, RomaniaAcute Odontogenic Infections (OI) are the leading cause of emergency visits and hospitalizations to the maxillofacial department, and may induce systemic inflammatory complications. Increasing numbers of OI patients need extended hospitalizations, various treatments, and intensive care. The Symptom Severity score (SS) helps doctors assess the likelihood of infection and admission complications. Systemic Immune-inflammation Index (SII) is a biomarker-based inflammatory prognosis score. It was hypothesized that greater SII and SS values might suggest a higher risk for sepsis and systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). Therefore, this research aims to discover whether SII and SS scores can reliably predict odontogenic infection severity and prognosis, and if they can be used to predict the development of SIRS and sepsis in OI using admission features. The study was designed as a retrospective cohort, with patients’ data being retrieved from medical records between January 2017 to April 2022. A total of 108 OI patients were matched 1:1 as low-severity and high-severity groups. Most individuals with severe infections had diabetes and smoking as comorbidities. Severe patients had longer hospital stays (12.0 days vs. 4.1 days), although mortality rates did not significantly differ. A total of 11.1% lower-severity patients (Group A) had SIRS during hospitalization, compared to Group B with 25.9%. Group A had 7.4% of patients that developed sepsis compared to Group B’s rate of 22.2%. The correlation between OI’s SS and SII index values was positive and statistically significant (r = 0.6314). The total SII index mean was 1303, whereas the mean values by severity were 696.3 in Group A and 2312.4 in Group B. Group A’s mean SS score was 6.1, while Group B’s was 13.6. According to the calculated AUC plots, SII and SS scores were accurate predictors of sepsis and SIRS development using OI admission parameters. The adjusted odds ratio for SIRS in OI patients was 2.09, and 2.27 for sepsis. Medical professionals and dentistry teams should be encouraged to use the SII and SS scores to diagnose and anticipate sepsis and SIRS, hence improving disease management decisions.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4426/12/12/2026systemic immune-inflammation indexdisease severity scoreodontogenic infections |
spellingShingle | Marius Pricop Oana Ancusa Serban Talpos Horatiu Urechescu Bogdan Andrei Bumbu The Predictive Value of Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index and Symptom Severity Score for Sepsis and Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome in Odontogenic Infections Journal of Personalized Medicine systemic immune-inflammation index disease severity score odontogenic infections |
title | The Predictive Value of Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index and Symptom Severity Score for Sepsis and Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome in Odontogenic Infections |
title_full | The Predictive Value of Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index and Symptom Severity Score for Sepsis and Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome in Odontogenic Infections |
title_fullStr | The Predictive Value of Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index and Symptom Severity Score for Sepsis and Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome in Odontogenic Infections |
title_full_unstemmed | The Predictive Value of Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index and Symptom Severity Score for Sepsis and Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome in Odontogenic Infections |
title_short | The Predictive Value of Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index and Symptom Severity Score for Sepsis and Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome in Odontogenic Infections |
title_sort | predictive value of systemic immune inflammation index and symptom severity score for sepsis and systemic inflammatory response syndrome in odontogenic infections |
topic | systemic immune-inflammation index disease severity score odontogenic infections |
url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4426/12/12/2026 |
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