Modern Carbon–Based Materials for Adsorptive Removal of Organic and Inorganic Pollutants from Water and Wastewater
Currently, a serious threat for living organisms and human life in particular, is water contamination with persistent organic and inorganic pollutants. To date, several techniques have been adopted to remove/treat organics and toxic contaminants. Adsorption is one of the most effective and economica...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-11-01
|
| Series: | Molecules |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/21/6628 |
| _version_ | 1827678024547434496 |
|---|---|
| author | Vera I. Isaeva Marina D. Vedenyapina Alexandra Yu. Kurmysheva Dirk Weichgrebe Rahul Ramesh Nair Ngoc Phuong Thanh Nguyen Leonid M. Kustov |
| author_facet | Vera I. Isaeva Marina D. Vedenyapina Alexandra Yu. Kurmysheva Dirk Weichgrebe Rahul Ramesh Nair Ngoc Phuong Thanh Nguyen Leonid M. Kustov |
| author_sort | Vera I. Isaeva |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Currently, a serious threat for living organisms and human life in particular, is water contamination with persistent organic and inorganic pollutants. To date, several techniques have been adopted to remove/treat organics and toxic contaminants. Adsorption is one of the most effective and economical methods for this purpose. Generally, porous materials are considered as appropriate adsorbents for water purification. Conventional adsorbents such as activated carbons have a limited possibility of surface modification (texture and functionality), and their adsorption capacity is difficult to control. Therefore, despite the significant progress achieved in the development of the systems for water remediation, there is still a need for novel adsorptive materials with tunable functional characteristics. This review addresses the new trends in the development of new adsorbent materials. Herein, modern carbon-based materials, such as graphene, oxidized carbon, carbon nanotubes, biomass-derived carbonaceous matrices—biochars as well as their composites with metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and MOF-derived highly-ordered carbons are considered as advanced adsorbents for removal of hazardous organics from drinking water, process water, and leachate. The review is focused on the preparation and modification of these next-generation carbon-based adsorbents and analysis of their adsorption performance including possible adsorption mechanisms. Simultaneously, some weak points of modern carbon-based adsorbents are analyzed as well as the routes to conquer them. For instance, for removal of large quantities of pollutants, the combination of adsorption and other methods, like sedimentation may be recommended. A number of efficient strategies for further enhancing the adsorption performance of the carbon-based adsorbents, in particular, integrating approaches and further rational functionalization, including composing these adsorbents (of two or even three types) can be recommended. The cost reduction and efficient regeneration must also be in the focus of future research endeavors. The targeted optimization of the discussed carbon-based adsorbents associated with detailed studies of the adsorption process, especially, for multicomponent adsorbate solution, will pave a bright avenue for efficient water remediation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:55:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-66de3faaeb974cc886d8f642458e24fa |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:55:51Z |
| publishDate | 2021-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-66de3faaeb974cc886d8f642458e24fa2023-11-22T21:24:09ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492021-11-012621662810.3390/molecules26216628Modern Carbon–Based Materials for Adsorptive Removal of Organic and Inorganic Pollutants from Water and WastewaterVera I. Isaeva0Marina D. Vedenyapina1Alexandra Yu. Kurmysheva2Dirk Weichgrebe3Rahul Ramesh Nair4Ngoc Phuong Thanh Nguyen5Leonid M. Kustov6N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 47, 119991 Moscow, RussiaN. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 47, 119991 Moscow, RussiaN. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 47, 119991 Moscow, RussiaInstitute for Sanitary Engineering and Waste Management, Leibniz University Hannover, Welfengarten 1, D-30167 Hannover, GermanyInstitute for Sanitary Engineering and Waste Management, Leibniz University Hannover, Welfengarten 1, D-30167 Hannover, GermanyInstitute for Sanitary Engineering and Waste Management, Leibniz University Hannover, Welfengarten 1, D-30167 Hannover, GermanyN. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 47, 119991 Moscow, RussiaCurrently, a serious threat for living organisms and human life in particular, is water contamination with persistent organic and inorganic pollutants. To date, several techniques have been adopted to remove/treat organics and toxic contaminants. Adsorption is one of the most effective and economical methods for this purpose. Generally, porous materials are considered as appropriate adsorbents for water purification. Conventional adsorbents such as activated carbons have a limited possibility of surface modification (texture and functionality), and their adsorption capacity is difficult to control. Therefore, despite the significant progress achieved in the development of the systems for water remediation, there is still a need for novel adsorptive materials with tunable functional characteristics. This review addresses the new trends in the development of new adsorbent materials. Herein, modern carbon-based materials, such as graphene, oxidized carbon, carbon nanotubes, biomass-derived carbonaceous matrices—biochars as well as their composites with metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and MOF-derived highly-ordered carbons are considered as advanced adsorbents for removal of hazardous organics from drinking water, process water, and leachate. The review is focused on the preparation and modification of these next-generation carbon-based adsorbents and analysis of their adsorption performance including possible adsorption mechanisms. Simultaneously, some weak points of modern carbon-based adsorbents are analyzed as well as the routes to conquer them. For instance, for removal of large quantities of pollutants, the combination of adsorption and other methods, like sedimentation may be recommended. A number of efficient strategies for further enhancing the adsorption performance of the carbon-based adsorbents, in particular, integrating approaches and further rational functionalization, including composing these adsorbents (of two or even three types) can be recommended. The cost reduction and efficient regeneration must also be in the focus of future research endeavors. The targeted optimization of the discussed carbon-based adsorbents associated with detailed studies of the adsorption process, especially, for multicomponent adsorbate solution, will pave a bright avenue for efficient water remediation.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/21/6628water remediationpollutant removaladsorption mechanismcarbon-based nanoadsorbentscarbon nanotubesgraphene oxide |
| spellingShingle | Vera I. Isaeva Marina D. Vedenyapina Alexandra Yu. Kurmysheva Dirk Weichgrebe Rahul Ramesh Nair Ngoc Phuong Thanh Nguyen Leonid M. Kustov Modern Carbon–Based Materials for Adsorptive Removal of Organic and Inorganic Pollutants from Water and Wastewater Molecules water remediation pollutant removal adsorption mechanism carbon-based nanoadsorbents carbon nanotubes graphene oxide |
| title | Modern Carbon–Based Materials for Adsorptive Removal of Organic and Inorganic Pollutants from Water and Wastewater |
| title_full | Modern Carbon–Based Materials for Adsorptive Removal of Organic and Inorganic Pollutants from Water and Wastewater |
| title_fullStr | Modern Carbon–Based Materials for Adsorptive Removal of Organic and Inorganic Pollutants from Water and Wastewater |
| title_full_unstemmed | Modern Carbon–Based Materials for Adsorptive Removal of Organic and Inorganic Pollutants from Water and Wastewater |
| title_short | Modern Carbon–Based Materials for Adsorptive Removal of Organic and Inorganic Pollutants from Water and Wastewater |
| title_sort | modern carbon based materials for adsorptive removal of organic and inorganic pollutants from water and wastewater |
| topic | water remediation pollutant removal adsorption mechanism carbon-based nanoadsorbents carbon nanotubes graphene oxide |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/21/6628 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT veraiisaeva moderncarbonbasedmaterialsforadsorptiveremovaloforganicandinorganicpollutantsfromwaterandwastewater AT marinadvedenyapina moderncarbonbasedmaterialsforadsorptiveremovaloforganicandinorganicpollutantsfromwaterandwastewater AT alexandrayukurmysheva moderncarbonbasedmaterialsforadsorptiveremovaloforganicandinorganicpollutantsfromwaterandwastewater AT dirkweichgrebe moderncarbonbasedmaterialsforadsorptiveremovaloforganicandinorganicpollutantsfromwaterandwastewater AT rahulrameshnair moderncarbonbasedmaterialsforadsorptiveremovaloforganicandinorganicpollutantsfromwaterandwastewater AT ngocphuongthanhnguyen moderncarbonbasedmaterialsforadsorptiveremovaloforganicandinorganicpollutantsfromwaterandwastewater AT leonidmkustov moderncarbonbasedmaterialsforadsorptiveremovaloforganicandinorganicpollutantsfromwaterandwastewater |