Psychosocial factors, dentist-patient relationships, and oral health-related quality of life: a structural equation modelling
Abstract Background Psychosocial factors and dentist-patient relationships (DPR) have been suggested to be associated with oral health outcomes. This study aimed to test a conceptual model which hypothesised relationships among psychosocial factors, DPR variables, and oral health-related quality of...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Health and Quality of Life Outcomes |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12955-023-02214-x |
| _version_ | 1797397750905569280 |
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| author | Youngha Song Liana Luzzi David Brennan |
| author_facet | Youngha Song Liana Luzzi David Brennan |
| author_sort | Youngha Song |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Psychosocial factors and dentist-patient relationships (DPR) have been suggested to be associated with oral health outcomes. This study aimed to test a conceptual model which hypothesised relationships among psychosocial factors, DPR variables, and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in the ‘distal-to-proximal’ framework. Methods A total of 12,245 adults aged 18 years or over living in South Australia were randomly sampled for the study. Data were collected from self-complete questionnaires in 2015–2016. The outcome variable of Oral Health Impact Profile was used to measure OHRQoL. Psychosocial domain consisted of psychological well-being, social support, and health self-efficacy. DPR domain included trust in dentists, satisfaction with dental care, and dental fear. The hypothesised model was tested using the two-step approach in structural equation modelling. Results Data were analysed from 3767 respondents after the screening/preparing process (adjusted valid response rate 37.4%). In the first step of the analysis, confirmatory factor analyses produced acceptable measurement models for each of the six latent variables (GFI = 0.95, CFI = 0.98, RMSEA = 0.04). The final structural model indicated that better well-being, higher self-efficacy, and more satisfaction were associated with lower oral health impact (β = − 0.12, − 0.07, − 0.14, respectively) whereas fear was positively associated (β = 0.19). Among intermediates, support was positively associated with satisfaction within a small effect size (β = 0.06) as compared to self-efficacy with trust (β = 0.22). The invariance of the final model was also confirmed on participants’ SES and dental service characteristics except the variable of ‘last dental visit’. Conclusions Psychosocial factors and DPR variables were associated with oral health impact in both direct and indirect paths. The framework of ‘distal-to-proximal’ actions is empirically supported from psychosocial factors via DPR variables to OHRQoL. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T01:14:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-66fe3a1bd6c74641880f53340b8cd377 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1477-7525 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T01:14:40Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Health and Quality of Life Outcomes |
| spelling | doaj.art-66fe3a1bd6c74641880f53340b8cd3772023-12-10T12:32:33ZengBMCHealth and Quality of Life Outcomes1477-75252023-12-012111810.1186/s12955-023-02214-xPsychosocial factors, dentist-patient relationships, and oral health-related quality of life: a structural equation modellingYoungha Song0Liana Luzzi1David Brennan2Department of Preventive and Social Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Seoul National UniversityAustralian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, The University of AdelaideAustralian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, The University of AdelaideAbstract Background Psychosocial factors and dentist-patient relationships (DPR) have been suggested to be associated with oral health outcomes. This study aimed to test a conceptual model which hypothesised relationships among psychosocial factors, DPR variables, and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in the ‘distal-to-proximal’ framework. Methods A total of 12,245 adults aged 18 years or over living in South Australia were randomly sampled for the study. Data were collected from self-complete questionnaires in 2015–2016. The outcome variable of Oral Health Impact Profile was used to measure OHRQoL. Psychosocial domain consisted of psychological well-being, social support, and health self-efficacy. DPR domain included trust in dentists, satisfaction with dental care, and dental fear. The hypothesised model was tested using the two-step approach in structural equation modelling. Results Data were analysed from 3767 respondents after the screening/preparing process (adjusted valid response rate 37.4%). In the first step of the analysis, confirmatory factor analyses produced acceptable measurement models for each of the six latent variables (GFI = 0.95, CFI = 0.98, RMSEA = 0.04). The final structural model indicated that better well-being, higher self-efficacy, and more satisfaction were associated with lower oral health impact (β = − 0.12, − 0.07, − 0.14, respectively) whereas fear was positively associated (β = 0.19). Among intermediates, support was positively associated with satisfaction within a small effect size (β = 0.06) as compared to self-efficacy with trust (β = 0.22). The invariance of the final model was also confirmed on participants’ SES and dental service characteristics except the variable of ‘last dental visit’. Conclusions Psychosocial factors and DPR variables were associated with oral health impact in both direct and indirect paths. The framework of ‘distal-to-proximal’ actions is empirically supported from psychosocial factors via DPR variables to OHRQoL.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12955-023-02214-xOral healthPsychosocialDentist-patient relationsHealth-related quality of lifeSouth Australia |
| spellingShingle | Youngha Song Liana Luzzi David Brennan Psychosocial factors, dentist-patient relationships, and oral health-related quality of life: a structural equation modelling Health and Quality of Life Outcomes Oral health Psychosocial Dentist-patient relations Health-related quality of life South Australia |
| title | Psychosocial factors, dentist-patient relationships, and oral health-related quality of life: a structural equation modelling |
| title_full | Psychosocial factors, dentist-patient relationships, and oral health-related quality of life: a structural equation modelling |
| title_fullStr | Psychosocial factors, dentist-patient relationships, and oral health-related quality of life: a structural equation modelling |
| title_full_unstemmed | Psychosocial factors, dentist-patient relationships, and oral health-related quality of life: a structural equation modelling |
| title_short | Psychosocial factors, dentist-patient relationships, and oral health-related quality of life: a structural equation modelling |
| title_sort | psychosocial factors dentist patient relationships and oral health related quality of life a structural equation modelling |
| topic | Oral health Psychosocial Dentist-patient relations Health-related quality of life South Australia |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12955-023-02214-x |
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