Prolonged inhibition of bladder function is evoked by low‐amplitude electrical stimulation of the saphenous nerve in urethane‐anesthetized rats
Abstract To better understand the effects of saphenous nerve (SN) stimulation on bladder function, we investigated the duration of electrical stimulation as a key variable in eliciting urodynamic changes. SN stimulation is a novel approach to electrically modulating bladder function. In previous ani...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Physiological Reports |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.14814/phy2.15517 |
| _version_ | 1797397071468167168 |
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| author | Zainab Moazzam Paul B. Yoo |
| author_facet | Zainab Moazzam Paul B. Yoo |
| author_sort | Zainab Moazzam |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract To better understand the effects of saphenous nerve (SN) stimulation on bladder function, we investigated the duration of electrical stimulation as a key variable in eliciting urodynamic changes. SN stimulation is a novel approach to electrically modulating bladder function. In previous animal studies, bladder‐inhibitory responses were evoked by low‐amplitude (25 μA) stimulus pulses applied in short‐duration (10 min) trials and at frequencies between 10 and 20 Hz. Experiments were performed in urethane‐anesthetized rats that were separated into three groups: intravesical saline infusion + SN stimulation (group A), intravesical 0.1% acetic acid infusion + SN stimulation (group B), and intravesical saline infusion + no SN stimulation (group C). Changes in bladder function— basal bladder pressure (P base), contraction amplitude (ΔP), and inter‐contraction interval (T ICI)—were measured in response to stimulation trials applied for different durations (10, 20, and 40 min). Trials were also repeated at frequencies of 10 and 20 Hz. In group A, longer‐duration (40 min) stimulation trials applied at 10 Hz evoked overflow incontinence (OI) episodes that were characterized by significant changes in P base (122.7 ± 9.1%, p = 0.026), ΔP (−60.8 ± 12.8%, p = 0.044), and T ICI (−43.2 ± 13.0%, p = 0.031). Stimulation‐evoked OI was observed in 5 of 8 animals and lasted for 56.5 ± 10.7 min. In contrast, no significant changes in bladder function were observed in either group B or group C. Our findings show that longer‐duration trials consisting of electrical pulses applied at 10 Hz are important stimulation parameters that elicit inhibitory bladder responses in anesthetized rodents. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T01:04:41Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-66feaa32465b4c8f9a57c019861db861 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2051-817X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T01:04:41Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Physiological Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-66feaa32465b4c8f9a57c019861db8612023-12-11T10:40:46ZengWileyPhysiological Reports2051-817X2022-11-011022n/an/a10.14814/phy2.15517Prolonged inhibition of bladder function is evoked by low‐amplitude electrical stimulation of the saphenous nerve in urethane‐anesthetized ratsZainab Moazzam0Paul B. Yoo1Institute of Biomedical Engineering (BME) University of Toronto Ontario CanadaInstitute of Biomedical Engineering (BME) University of Toronto Ontario CanadaAbstract To better understand the effects of saphenous nerve (SN) stimulation on bladder function, we investigated the duration of electrical stimulation as a key variable in eliciting urodynamic changes. SN stimulation is a novel approach to electrically modulating bladder function. In previous animal studies, bladder‐inhibitory responses were evoked by low‐amplitude (25 μA) stimulus pulses applied in short‐duration (10 min) trials and at frequencies between 10 and 20 Hz. Experiments were performed in urethane‐anesthetized rats that were separated into three groups: intravesical saline infusion + SN stimulation (group A), intravesical 0.1% acetic acid infusion + SN stimulation (group B), and intravesical saline infusion + no SN stimulation (group C). Changes in bladder function— basal bladder pressure (P base), contraction amplitude (ΔP), and inter‐contraction interval (T ICI)—were measured in response to stimulation trials applied for different durations (10, 20, and 40 min). Trials were also repeated at frequencies of 10 and 20 Hz. In group A, longer‐duration (40 min) stimulation trials applied at 10 Hz evoked overflow incontinence (OI) episodes that were characterized by significant changes in P base (122.7 ± 9.1%, p = 0.026), ΔP (−60.8 ± 12.8%, p = 0.044), and T ICI (−43.2 ± 13.0%, p = 0.031). Stimulation‐evoked OI was observed in 5 of 8 animals and lasted for 56.5 ± 10.7 min. In contrast, no significant changes in bladder function were observed in either group B or group C. Our findings show that longer‐duration trials consisting of electrical pulses applied at 10 Hz are important stimulation parameters that elicit inhibitory bladder responses in anesthetized rodents.https://doi.org/10.14814/phy2.15517acetic acidbladder neuromodulationelectrical stimulationoveractive bladderoverflow incontinencesaphenous nerve |
| spellingShingle | Zainab Moazzam Paul B. Yoo Prolonged inhibition of bladder function is evoked by low‐amplitude electrical stimulation of the saphenous nerve in urethane‐anesthetized rats Physiological Reports acetic acid bladder neuromodulation electrical stimulation overactive bladder overflow incontinence saphenous nerve |
| title | Prolonged inhibition of bladder function is evoked by low‐amplitude electrical stimulation of the saphenous nerve in urethane‐anesthetized rats |
| title_full | Prolonged inhibition of bladder function is evoked by low‐amplitude electrical stimulation of the saphenous nerve in urethane‐anesthetized rats |
| title_fullStr | Prolonged inhibition of bladder function is evoked by low‐amplitude electrical stimulation of the saphenous nerve in urethane‐anesthetized rats |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prolonged inhibition of bladder function is evoked by low‐amplitude electrical stimulation of the saphenous nerve in urethane‐anesthetized rats |
| title_short | Prolonged inhibition of bladder function is evoked by low‐amplitude electrical stimulation of the saphenous nerve in urethane‐anesthetized rats |
| title_sort | prolonged inhibition of bladder function is evoked by low amplitude electrical stimulation of the saphenous nerve in urethane anesthetized rats |
| topic | acetic acid bladder neuromodulation electrical stimulation overactive bladder overflow incontinence saphenous nerve |
| url | https://doi.org/10.14814/phy2.15517 |
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