Old divergence and restricted gene flow between torrent duck (Merganetta armata) subspecies in the Central and Southern Andes
Abstract Aim To investigate the structure and rate of gene flow among populations of habitat‐specialized species to understand the ecological and evolutionary processes underpinning their population dynamics and historical demography, including speciation and extinction. Location Peruvian and Argent...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wiley
2019-09-01
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| Series: | Ecology and Evolution |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5538 |
| _version_ | 1819118363595505664 |
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| author | Luis Alza Philip Lavretsky Jeffrey L. Peters Gerardo Cerón Matthew Smith Cecilia Kopuchian Andrea Astie Kevin G. McCracken |
| author_facet | Luis Alza Philip Lavretsky Jeffrey L. Peters Gerardo Cerón Matthew Smith Cecilia Kopuchian Andrea Astie Kevin G. McCracken |
| author_sort | Luis Alza |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Aim To investigate the structure and rate of gene flow among populations of habitat‐specialized species to understand the ecological and evolutionary processes underpinning their population dynamics and historical demography, including speciation and extinction. Location Peruvian and Argentine Andes. Taxon Two subspecies of torrent duck (Merganetta armata). Methods We sampled 156 individuals in Peru (M. a. leucogenis; Chillón River, n = 57 and Pachachaca River, n = 49) and Argentina (M. a. armata; Arroyo Grande River, n = 33 and Malargüe River, n = 17), and sequenced the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region to conduct coarse and fine‐scale demographic analyses of population structure. Additionally, to test for differences between subspecies, and across genetic markers with distinct inheritance patterns, a subset of individuals (Peru, n = 10 and Argentina, n = 9) was subjected to partial genome resequencing, obtaining 4,027 autosomal and 189 Z‐linked double‐digest restriction‐associated DNA sequences. Results Haplotype and nucleotide diversities were higher in Peru than Argentina across all markers. Peruvian and Argentine subspecies showed concordant species‐level differences (ΦST mtDNA = 0.82; ΦST autosomal = 0.30; ΦST Z chromosome = 0.45), including no shared mtDNA haplotypes. Demographic parameters estimated for mtDNA using IM and IMa2 analyses, and for autosomal markers using ∂a∂i (isolation‐with‐migration model), supported an old divergence (mtDNA = 600,000 years before present (ybp), 95% HPD range = 1.2 Mya to 200,000 ybp; and autosomal ∂a∂i = 782,490 ybp), between the two subspecies, characteristic of deeply diverged lineages. The populations were well‐differentiated in Argentina but moderately differentiated in Peru, with low unidirectional gene flow in each country. Main conclusions We suggest that the South American Arid Diagonal was preexisting and remains a current phylogeographic barrier between the ranges of the two torrent duck subspecies, and the adult territoriality and breeding site fidelity to the rivers define their population structure. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T05:47:41Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-670a5d7b52074db3bc50ca8d36d8fa08 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-7758 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T05:47:41Z |
| publishDate | 2019-09-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Ecology and Evolution |
| spelling | doaj.art-670a5d7b52074db3bc50ca8d36d8fa082022-12-21T18:36:57ZengWileyEcology and Evolution2045-77582019-09-019179961997610.1002/ece3.5538Old divergence and restricted gene flow between torrent duck (Merganetta armata) subspecies in the Central and Southern AndesLuis Alza0Philip Lavretsky1Jeffrey L. Peters2Gerardo Cerón3Matthew Smith4Cecilia Kopuchian5Andrea Astie6Kevin G. McCracken7Department of Biology University of Miami Coral Gables FL USADepartment of Biological Sciences University of Texas at El Paso El Paso TX USADepartment of Biological Sciences Wright State University Dayton OH USALaboratorio de Zoología‐CRUB Universidad Nacional del Comahue Bariloche ArgentinaInstitute of Arctic Biology Department of Biology and Wildlife University of Alaska Fairbanks AK USACentro de Ecología Aplicada del Litoral (CECOAL‐CONICET) Corrientes ArgentinaInstituto Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Áridas (CCT Mendoza‐CONICET) Mendoza ArgentinaDepartment of Biology University of Miami Coral Gables FL USAAbstract Aim To investigate the structure and rate of gene flow among populations of habitat‐specialized species to understand the ecological and evolutionary processes underpinning their population dynamics and historical demography, including speciation and extinction. Location Peruvian and Argentine Andes. Taxon Two subspecies of torrent duck (Merganetta armata). Methods We sampled 156 individuals in Peru (M. a. leucogenis; Chillón River, n = 57 and Pachachaca River, n = 49) and Argentina (M. a. armata; Arroyo Grande River, n = 33 and Malargüe River, n = 17), and sequenced the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region to conduct coarse and fine‐scale demographic analyses of population structure. Additionally, to test for differences between subspecies, and across genetic markers with distinct inheritance patterns, a subset of individuals (Peru, n = 10 and Argentina, n = 9) was subjected to partial genome resequencing, obtaining 4,027 autosomal and 189 Z‐linked double‐digest restriction‐associated DNA sequences. Results Haplotype and nucleotide diversities were higher in Peru than Argentina across all markers. Peruvian and Argentine subspecies showed concordant species‐level differences (ΦST mtDNA = 0.82; ΦST autosomal = 0.30; ΦST Z chromosome = 0.45), including no shared mtDNA haplotypes. Demographic parameters estimated for mtDNA using IM and IMa2 analyses, and for autosomal markers using ∂a∂i (isolation‐with‐migration model), supported an old divergence (mtDNA = 600,000 years before present (ybp), 95% HPD range = 1.2 Mya to 200,000 ybp; and autosomal ∂a∂i = 782,490 ybp), between the two subspecies, characteristic of deeply diverged lineages. The populations were well‐differentiated in Argentina but moderately differentiated in Peru, with low unidirectional gene flow in each country. Main conclusions We suggest that the South American Arid Diagonal was preexisting and remains a current phylogeographic barrier between the ranges of the two torrent duck subspecies, and the adult territoriality and breeding site fidelity to the rivers define their population structure.https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5538Andesgene flowgenetic diversityMerganetta armatapopulation structuretime since divergence |
| spellingShingle | Luis Alza Philip Lavretsky Jeffrey L. Peters Gerardo Cerón Matthew Smith Cecilia Kopuchian Andrea Astie Kevin G. McCracken Old divergence and restricted gene flow between torrent duck (Merganetta armata) subspecies in the Central and Southern Andes Ecology and Evolution Andes gene flow genetic diversity Merganetta armata population structure time since divergence |
| title | Old divergence and restricted gene flow between torrent duck (Merganetta armata) subspecies in the Central and Southern Andes |
| title_full | Old divergence and restricted gene flow between torrent duck (Merganetta armata) subspecies in the Central and Southern Andes |
| title_fullStr | Old divergence and restricted gene flow between torrent duck (Merganetta armata) subspecies in the Central and Southern Andes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Old divergence and restricted gene flow between torrent duck (Merganetta armata) subspecies in the Central and Southern Andes |
| title_short | Old divergence and restricted gene flow between torrent duck (Merganetta armata) subspecies in the Central and Southern Andes |
| title_sort | old divergence and restricted gene flow between torrent duck merganetta armata subspecies in the central and southern andes |
| topic | Andes gene flow genetic diversity Merganetta armata population structure time since divergence |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5538 |
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