Common weeds as heavy metal bioindicators: a new approach in biomonitoring
Abstract Environmental pollution by heavy metals affects both urban and non-urban areas of Europe and the world. The use of bioindicator plants for the detection of these pollutants is a common practice. An important property of potential bioindicators is their easy availability and wide distributio...
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| Format: | Article |
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Nature Portfolio
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-34019-9 |
| _version_ | 1797836548747558912 |
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| author | A. Cakaj M. Lisiak-Zielińska A. Hanć A. Małecka K. Borowiak M. Drapikowska |
| author_facet | A. Cakaj M. Lisiak-Zielińska A. Hanć A. Małecka K. Borowiak M. Drapikowska |
| author_sort | A. Cakaj |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Environmental pollution by heavy metals affects both urban and non-urban areas of Europe and the world. The use of bioindicator plants for the detection of these pollutants is a common practice. An important property of potential bioindicators is their easy availability and wide distribution range, which means that they can be practically used over a wide area. Therefore, common and widely distributed weeds: Trifolium pratense L., Rumex acetosa L., Amaranthus retroflexus L., Plantago lanceolata L., ornamental species Alcea rosea L., and Lolium multiflorum L. var. Ponto were selected as a potential bioindicators of heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn). Plants were exposed in the same soil conditions in three sample sites in the Poznań city. It was found that all species had heavy metal accumulation potential, especially A. rosea, P. lanceolata and L. multiflorum for Zn (BCF = 6.62; 5.17; 4.70) and A. rosea, P. lanceolata for Cd (BCF = 8.51; 6.94). Translocation of Cu and Zn was the most effective in T. pratense (TFCu = 2.55; TFZn = 2.67) and in A. retroflexus (TFCu = 1.50; TFZn = 2.23). Cd translocation was the most efficient in T. pratense (TFCd = 1.97), but PB was the most effective translocated in A. retroflexus (TFPb = 3.09).. Based on physiological response to stress, it was detected an increasing level of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in roots and leaves of all samples, with the highest in all organs of A. rosea. Enzymatic activity levels of CAT, APOX, and also the marker of polyunsaturated fatty acid peroxidation MDA, were higher after 6 weeks of exposure in comparison to control samples and varied in time of exposure and between species and exposure. After the experiment, in almost all samples we detected a reduction of chlorophyll content and relative water content, but in efficiency of photosynthesis parameters: net photosynthesis rate, intercellular CO2 concentration and stomatal conductance, we noted increased values, which proved the relatively good condition of the plants. The examined weeds are good bioindicators of heavy metal contamination, and their combined use makes it possible to comprehensively detection of environmental threats. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T15:10:41Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-670fd131309e493db551ebbb8a7fe379 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T15:10:41Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-670fd131309e493db551ebbb8a7fe3792023-04-30T11:12:34ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222023-04-0113111410.1038/s41598-023-34019-9Common weeds as heavy metal bioindicators: a new approach in biomonitoringA. Cakaj0M. Lisiak-Zielińska1A. Hanć2A. Małecka3K. Borowiak4M. Drapikowska5Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, Poznań University of Life SciencesDepartment of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, Poznań University of Life SciencesDepartment of Trace Analysis, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz UniversityThe Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Greater Poland Cancer CentreDepartment of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, Poznań University of Life SciencesDepartment of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, Poznań University of Life SciencesAbstract Environmental pollution by heavy metals affects both urban and non-urban areas of Europe and the world. The use of bioindicator plants for the detection of these pollutants is a common practice. An important property of potential bioindicators is their easy availability and wide distribution range, which means that they can be practically used over a wide area. Therefore, common and widely distributed weeds: Trifolium pratense L., Rumex acetosa L., Amaranthus retroflexus L., Plantago lanceolata L., ornamental species Alcea rosea L., and Lolium multiflorum L. var. Ponto were selected as a potential bioindicators of heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn). Plants were exposed in the same soil conditions in three sample sites in the Poznań city. It was found that all species had heavy metal accumulation potential, especially A. rosea, P. lanceolata and L. multiflorum for Zn (BCF = 6.62; 5.17; 4.70) and A. rosea, P. lanceolata for Cd (BCF = 8.51; 6.94). Translocation of Cu and Zn was the most effective in T. pratense (TFCu = 2.55; TFZn = 2.67) and in A. retroflexus (TFCu = 1.50; TFZn = 2.23). Cd translocation was the most efficient in T. pratense (TFCd = 1.97), but PB was the most effective translocated in A. retroflexus (TFPb = 3.09).. Based on physiological response to stress, it was detected an increasing level of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in roots and leaves of all samples, with the highest in all organs of A. rosea. Enzymatic activity levels of CAT, APOX, and also the marker of polyunsaturated fatty acid peroxidation MDA, were higher after 6 weeks of exposure in comparison to control samples and varied in time of exposure and between species and exposure. After the experiment, in almost all samples we detected a reduction of chlorophyll content and relative water content, but in efficiency of photosynthesis parameters: net photosynthesis rate, intercellular CO2 concentration and stomatal conductance, we noted increased values, which proved the relatively good condition of the plants. The examined weeds are good bioindicators of heavy metal contamination, and their combined use makes it possible to comprehensively detection of environmental threats.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-34019-9 |
| spellingShingle | A. Cakaj M. Lisiak-Zielińska A. Hanć A. Małecka K. Borowiak M. Drapikowska Common weeds as heavy metal bioindicators: a new approach in biomonitoring Scientific Reports |
| title | Common weeds as heavy metal bioindicators: a new approach in biomonitoring |
| title_full | Common weeds as heavy metal bioindicators: a new approach in biomonitoring |
| title_fullStr | Common weeds as heavy metal bioindicators: a new approach in biomonitoring |
| title_full_unstemmed | Common weeds as heavy metal bioindicators: a new approach in biomonitoring |
| title_short | Common weeds as heavy metal bioindicators: a new approach in biomonitoring |
| title_sort | common weeds as heavy metal bioindicators a new approach in biomonitoring |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-34019-9 |
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