Neuroprotective Effects and Related Mechanisms of Echinacoside in MPTP-Induced PD Mice
Zhen-Nian Zhang,1,* Zhen Hui,1,* Chang Chen,1 Yan Liang,1 Li-Li Tang,1 Su-Lei Wang,1 Cheng-Cheng Xu,1 Hui Yang,1 Jing-Si Zhang,2 Yang Zhao1 1Department of Neurology, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210022, People’s Republi...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Dove Medical Press
2021-06-01
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| Series: | Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment |
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| Online Access: | https://www.dovepress.com/neuroprotective-effects-and-related-mechanisms-of-echinacoside-in-mptp-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-NDT |
| _version_ | 1831768011809226752 |
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| author | Zhang ZN Hui Z Chen C Liang Y Tang LL Wang SL Xu CC Yang H Zhang JS Zhao Y |
| author_facet | Zhang ZN Hui Z Chen C Liang Y Tang LL Wang SL Xu CC Yang H Zhang JS Zhao Y |
| author_sort | Zhang ZN |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Zhen-Nian Zhang,1,* Zhen Hui,1,* Chang Chen,1 Yan Liang,1 Li-Li Tang,1 Su-Lei Wang,1 Cheng-Cheng Xu,1 Hui Yang,1 Jing-Si Zhang,2 Yang Zhao1 1Department of Neurology, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210022, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Neurology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yang ZhaoDepartment of Neurology, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 157 of Daming Road, Qinhuai District, Nanjing, 210022, People’s Republic of ChinaTel/Fax +86 13851498418Email zhao_dr66@163.comObjective: To explore the neuroprotective effect and the related mechanisms of echinacoside (ECH) in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced Parkinson’s disease (PD) mice.Methods: Parkinson’s disease is induced in mice by MPTP and the neurobehaviors of mice in different groups are observed. Then, immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis are adopted to measure the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and α-synuclein in the substantia nigra (SN). The content of dopamine (DA) and other neurotransmitters in the brain is detected by high-performance liquid chromatography. The expression of nerve growth factors and inflammatory factors in SN in mice in each group is measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Finally, the expression of oxidative stress-related parameters in each group is measured.Results: Compared with the model group, the pole-climbing time among mice in the moderate and high-dose ECH groups is significantly reduced (P < 0.01). The rotarod staying time, as well as fore and hind-limb strides, shows a significant increase (P < 0.01), as does spontaneous activity (P < 0.01). Moreover, the expression levels of TH, DA, glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor in SN in mice show significant increases in these two groups (P < 0.01). The content of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase indicates significant increases in the low, moderate, and high-dose ECH groups (P < 0.01), and the content of MDA was reduced (P < 0.01). In the high-dose ECH group, the expression of interleukin (IL) 6 and tumor necrosis factor-α is significantly reduced (P < 0.01), while the expression of IL-10 shows a marked increase (P < 0.01) alongside a decrease in the expression of α-synuclein (P < 0.01).Conclusion: Echinacoside improves neurobehavioral symptoms in PD mice and significantly increases the expression of TH and DA. The neuroprotective effect potentially correlates with anti-inflammation and anti-oxidation actions, promotes the expression of nerve growth factor, and reduces the accumulation of α-synuclein.Keywords: Parkinson’s disease, MPTP, echinacoside, α-synuclein, oxidative stress, neuroprotection, BDNF, GDNF, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10 |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T06:52:56Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-673d7102216a44db90ef09a8f10a059f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1178-2021 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T06:52:56Z |
| publishDate | 2021-06-01 |
| publisher | Dove Medical Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment |
| spelling | doaj.art-673d7102216a44db90ef09a8f10a059f2022-12-21T18:35:04ZengDove Medical PressNeuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment1178-20212021-06-01Volume 171779179265516Neuroprotective Effects and Related Mechanisms of Echinacoside in MPTP-Induced PD MiceZhang ZNHui ZChen CLiang YTang LLWang SLXu CCYang HZhang JSZhao YZhen-Nian Zhang,1,* Zhen Hui,1,* Chang Chen,1 Yan Liang,1 Li-Li Tang,1 Su-Lei Wang,1 Cheng-Cheng Xu,1 Hui Yang,1 Jing-Si Zhang,2 Yang Zhao1 1Department of Neurology, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210022, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Neurology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yang ZhaoDepartment of Neurology, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 157 of Daming Road, Qinhuai District, Nanjing, 210022, People’s Republic of ChinaTel/Fax +86 13851498418Email zhao_dr66@163.comObjective: To explore the neuroprotective effect and the related mechanisms of echinacoside (ECH) in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced Parkinson’s disease (PD) mice.Methods: Parkinson’s disease is induced in mice by MPTP and the neurobehaviors of mice in different groups are observed. Then, immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis are adopted to measure the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and α-synuclein in the substantia nigra (SN). The content of dopamine (DA) and other neurotransmitters in the brain is detected by high-performance liquid chromatography. The expression of nerve growth factors and inflammatory factors in SN in mice in each group is measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Finally, the expression of oxidative stress-related parameters in each group is measured.Results: Compared with the model group, the pole-climbing time among mice in the moderate and high-dose ECH groups is significantly reduced (P < 0.01). The rotarod staying time, as well as fore and hind-limb strides, shows a significant increase (P < 0.01), as does spontaneous activity (P < 0.01). Moreover, the expression levels of TH, DA, glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor in SN in mice show significant increases in these two groups (P < 0.01). The content of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase indicates significant increases in the low, moderate, and high-dose ECH groups (P < 0.01), and the content of MDA was reduced (P < 0.01). In the high-dose ECH group, the expression of interleukin (IL) 6 and tumor necrosis factor-α is significantly reduced (P < 0.01), while the expression of IL-10 shows a marked increase (P < 0.01) alongside a decrease in the expression of α-synuclein (P < 0.01).Conclusion: Echinacoside improves neurobehavioral symptoms in PD mice and significantly increases the expression of TH and DA. The neuroprotective effect potentially correlates with anti-inflammation and anti-oxidation actions, promotes the expression of nerve growth factor, and reduces the accumulation of α-synuclein.Keywords: Parkinson’s disease, MPTP, echinacoside, α-synuclein, oxidative stress, neuroprotection, BDNF, GDNF, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10https://www.dovepress.com/neuroprotective-effects-and-related-mechanisms-of-echinacoside-in-mptp-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-NDTparkinson's diseasemptpechinacosideα-synucleinoxidative stressneuroprotectionbdnfgdnfil-6tnf-αil-10 |
| spellingShingle | Zhang ZN Hui Z Chen C Liang Y Tang LL Wang SL Xu CC Yang H Zhang JS Zhao Y Neuroprotective Effects and Related Mechanisms of Echinacoside in MPTP-Induced PD Mice Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment parkinson's disease mptp echinacoside α-synuclein oxidative stress neuroprotection bdnf gdnf il-6 tnf-α il-10 |
| title | Neuroprotective Effects and Related Mechanisms of Echinacoside in MPTP-Induced PD Mice |
| title_full | Neuroprotective Effects and Related Mechanisms of Echinacoside in MPTP-Induced PD Mice |
| title_fullStr | Neuroprotective Effects and Related Mechanisms of Echinacoside in MPTP-Induced PD Mice |
| title_full_unstemmed | Neuroprotective Effects and Related Mechanisms of Echinacoside in MPTP-Induced PD Mice |
| title_short | Neuroprotective Effects and Related Mechanisms of Echinacoside in MPTP-Induced PD Mice |
| title_sort | neuroprotective effects and related mechanisms of echinacoside in mptp induced pd mice |
| topic | parkinson's disease mptp echinacoside α-synuclein oxidative stress neuroprotection bdnf gdnf il-6 tnf-α il-10 |
| url | https://www.dovepress.com/neuroprotective-effects-and-related-mechanisms-of-echinacoside-in-mptp-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-NDT |
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