Food and feeding ecology of Brazilian sardine (Sardinella brasiliensis) larvae from the southeastern Brazilian Bight
Results from depth integrated and vertically stratified plankton samples collected in the southeastern Brazilian Bight were used to study the feeding behavior of Brazilian sardine (Sardinella brasiliensis) larvae. Sampling of the ichthyoplankton was carried out with 60 cm Bongo nets in the Bight dur...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Universidade de São Paulo
2001-01-01
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| Series: | Brazilian Journal of Oceanography |
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| Online Access: | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1679-87592001000100006 |
| _version_ | 1811250113850376192 |
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| author | Frederico W. Kurtz Yasunobu Matsuura |
| author_facet | Frederico W. Kurtz Yasunobu Matsuura |
| author_sort | Frederico W. Kurtz |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Results from depth integrated and vertically stratified plankton samples collected in the southeastern Brazilian Bight were used to study the feeding behavior of Brazilian sardine (Sardinella brasiliensis) larvae. Sampling of the ichthyoplankton was carried out with 60 cm Bongo nets in the Bight during the spawning seasons of 1991/92 and 1992/93. The sampling of microzooplankton was carried out in the coastal region off Ubatuba, using the closing-type plankton net, in December 1995. The feeding study was based on a total of 901 captured larvae. Gut content analysis of the sardine larvae showed a diurnal pattern of food intake. Copepod nauplii dominated the diet of the preflexion and flexion larvae, but they were the second in abundance for the postflexion larvae which fed preferentially on copepodites and adults of Oncaea spp. Averaged feeding incidence of the 901 larvae was 37.6%, but it increased to 58.5% for day-caught larvae. Seventy percent of the food particles were found in the mid-gut and food eaten showed a natural increase in digestion from fore-gut to hind-gut. Vertical distribution of microzooplankton revealed that copepod nauplii were present in densities of 10-20 ind. L-1, mainly in the upper mixed layer (0-20 m depth), but higher densities of copepodite and adult of Oncaea, Oithona and Paracalamis were found within and beneath the thermocline. These results show that Brazilian sardine larvae can successfully adapt their diet, feeding on the most abundant food particles in the upper mixed layer of the survey area.<br>Plâncton amostrado na região sudeste do Brasil, em coletas integradas verticalmente e estratificadas, foi utilizado no estudo do comportamento alimentar das larvas de sardinha-verdadeira (Sardinella brasiliensis). As coletas de ictioplâncton foram realizadas com rede tipo Bongo de 60 cm de diâmetro durante os períodos de desova de 1991/92 e 1992/93. Microzooplâncton foi amostrado na região costeira ao largo de Ubatuba em dezembro de 1995, usando uma rede de fechamento. O estudo da alimentação foi baseado em um total de 901 larvas capturadas. A análise do conteúdo do trato digestório das larvas de sardinha-verdadeira indicaram um padrão de alimentação diurno. Os náuplios de copépode dominaram a dieta de larvas em préflexão e flexão e foram o segundo item em abundância em larvas em pósflexão, que preferencialmente se alimentaram de copepoditos e adultos de Oncaea spp. Em média, a incidência alimentar das 901 larvas foi de 37,6%, porém aumentou para 58,5% para larvas coletadas no período diurno. Setenta por cento das partículas ingeridas foram encontradas no trato médio e a digestão das partículas aumentou naturalmente desde o trato inicial até o trato final. A distribuição vertical do microzooplâncton revelou que os náuplios de copépode estiveram presentes em densidades de 10-20 ind. L-1, principalmente na camada superior de mistura (0-20 m da superfície), entretanto altas densidades de copepoditos e adultos de Oncaea, Oithona e Paracalanus foram encontradas dentro e através da termoclina. Os resultados obtidos indicaram que a larva de sardinha-verdadeira pode adaptar a sua dieta com sucesso, alimentando-se das partículas mais abundantes da camada de mistura na área estudada. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T15:59:18Z |
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| id | doaj.art-6750acbcbcb3423c864e2fe2ae678157 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1679-8759 1982-436X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T15:59:18Z |
| publishDate | 2001-01-01 |
| publisher | Universidade de São Paulo |
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| series | Brazilian Journal of Oceanography |
| spelling | doaj.art-6750acbcbcb3423c864e2fe2ae6781572022-12-22T03:26:15ZengUniversidade de São PauloBrazilian Journal of Oceanography1679-87591982-436X2001-01-01491-2607410.1590/S1679-87592001000100006Food and feeding ecology of Brazilian sardine (Sardinella brasiliensis) larvae from the southeastern Brazilian BightFrederico W. KurtzYasunobu MatsuuraResults from depth integrated and vertically stratified plankton samples collected in the southeastern Brazilian Bight were used to study the feeding behavior of Brazilian sardine (Sardinella brasiliensis) larvae. Sampling of the ichthyoplankton was carried out with 60 cm Bongo nets in the Bight during the spawning seasons of 1991/92 and 1992/93. The sampling of microzooplankton was carried out in the coastal region off Ubatuba, using the closing-type plankton net, in December 1995. The feeding study was based on a total of 901 captured larvae. Gut content analysis of the sardine larvae showed a diurnal pattern of food intake. Copepod nauplii dominated the diet of the preflexion and flexion larvae, but they were the second in abundance for the postflexion larvae which fed preferentially on copepodites and adults of Oncaea spp. Averaged feeding incidence of the 901 larvae was 37.6%, but it increased to 58.5% for day-caught larvae. Seventy percent of the food particles were found in the mid-gut and food eaten showed a natural increase in digestion from fore-gut to hind-gut. Vertical distribution of microzooplankton revealed that copepod nauplii were present in densities of 10-20 ind. L-1, mainly in the upper mixed layer (0-20 m depth), but higher densities of copepodite and adult of Oncaea, Oithona and Paracalamis were found within and beneath the thermocline. These results show that Brazilian sardine larvae can successfully adapt their diet, feeding on the most abundant food particles in the upper mixed layer of the survey area.<br>Plâncton amostrado na região sudeste do Brasil, em coletas integradas verticalmente e estratificadas, foi utilizado no estudo do comportamento alimentar das larvas de sardinha-verdadeira (Sardinella brasiliensis). As coletas de ictioplâncton foram realizadas com rede tipo Bongo de 60 cm de diâmetro durante os períodos de desova de 1991/92 e 1992/93. Microzooplâncton foi amostrado na região costeira ao largo de Ubatuba em dezembro de 1995, usando uma rede de fechamento. O estudo da alimentação foi baseado em um total de 901 larvas capturadas. A análise do conteúdo do trato digestório das larvas de sardinha-verdadeira indicaram um padrão de alimentação diurno. Os náuplios de copépode dominaram a dieta de larvas em préflexão e flexão e foram o segundo item em abundância em larvas em pósflexão, que preferencialmente se alimentaram de copepoditos e adultos de Oncaea spp. Em média, a incidência alimentar das 901 larvas foi de 37,6%, porém aumentou para 58,5% para larvas coletadas no período diurno. Setenta por cento das partículas ingeridas foram encontradas no trato médio e a digestão das partículas aumentou naturalmente desde o trato inicial até o trato final. A distribuição vertical do microzooplâncton revelou que os náuplios de copépode estiveram presentes em densidades de 10-20 ind. L-1, principalmente na camada superior de mistura (0-20 m da superfície), entretanto altas densidades de copepoditos e adultos de Oncaea, Oithona e Paracalanus foram encontradas dentro e através da termoclina. Os resultados obtidos indicaram que a larva de sardinha-verdadeira pode adaptar a sua dieta com sucesso, alimentando-se das partículas mais abundantes da camada de mistura na área estudada.http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1679-87592001000100006SardinellaMicrozooplânctonAlimentaçãoIctioplânctonRegião sudesteSardinellaMicrozooplanktonLarval feedingIchthyoplanktonSoutheast Brazil |
| spellingShingle | Frederico W. Kurtz Yasunobu Matsuura Food and feeding ecology of Brazilian sardine (Sardinella brasiliensis) larvae from the southeastern Brazilian Bight Brazilian Journal of Oceanography Sardinella Microzooplâncton Alimentação Ictioplâncton Região sudeste Sardinella Microzooplankton Larval feeding Ichthyoplankton Southeast Brazil |
| title | Food and feeding ecology of Brazilian sardine (Sardinella brasiliensis) larvae from the southeastern Brazilian Bight |
| title_full | Food and feeding ecology of Brazilian sardine (Sardinella brasiliensis) larvae from the southeastern Brazilian Bight |
| title_fullStr | Food and feeding ecology of Brazilian sardine (Sardinella brasiliensis) larvae from the southeastern Brazilian Bight |
| title_full_unstemmed | Food and feeding ecology of Brazilian sardine (Sardinella brasiliensis) larvae from the southeastern Brazilian Bight |
| title_short | Food and feeding ecology of Brazilian sardine (Sardinella brasiliensis) larvae from the southeastern Brazilian Bight |
| title_sort | food and feeding ecology of brazilian sardine sardinella brasiliensis larvae from the southeastern brazilian bight |
| topic | Sardinella Microzooplâncton Alimentação Ictioplâncton Região sudeste Sardinella Microzooplankton Larval feeding Ichthyoplankton Southeast Brazil |
| url | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1679-87592001000100006 |
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