Non-invasive imaging to monitor lupus nephritis and neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus [version 2; referees: 2 approved]
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that can affect multiple different organs, including the kidneys and central nervous system (CNS). Conventional radiological examinations in SLE patients include volumetric/ anatomical computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (M...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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F1000 Research Ltd
2015-10-01
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| Series: | F1000Research |
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| Online Access: | http://f1000research.com/articles/4-153/v2 |
| _version_ | 1818277060967137280 |
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| author | Joshua M. Thurman Natalie J. Serkova |
| author_facet | Joshua M. Thurman Natalie J. Serkova |
| author_sort | Joshua M. Thurman |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that can affect multiple different organs, including the kidneys and central nervous system (CNS). Conventional radiological examinations in SLE patients include volumetric/ anatomical computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasound (US). The utility of these modalities is limited, however, due to the complexity of the disease. Furthermore, standard CT and MRI contrast agents are contraindicated in patients with renal impairment. Various radiologic methods are currently being developed to improve disease characterization in patients with SLE beyond simple anatomical endpoints. Physiological non-contrast MRI protocols have been developed to assess tissue oxygenation, glomerular filtration, renal perfusion, interstitial diffusion, and inflammation-driven fibrosis in lupus nephritis (LN) patients. For neurological symptoms, vessel size imaging (VSI, an MRI approach utilizing T2-relaxing iron oxide nanoparticles) has shown promise as a diagnostic tool. Molecular imaging probes (mostly for MRI and nuclear medicine imaging) have also been developed for diagnosing SLE with high sensitivity, and for monitoring disease activity. This paper reviews the challenges in evaluating disease activity in patients with LN and neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE). We describe novel MRI and positron-emission tomography (PET) molecular imaging protocols using targeted iron oxide nanoparticles and radioactive ligands, respectively, for detection of SLE-associated inflammation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T22:55:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-675109698b5746dc9c6f46944c0ddae4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2046-1402 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T22:55:33Z |
| publishDate | 2015-10-01 |
| publisher | F1000 Research Ltd |
| record_format | Article |
| series | F1000Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-675109698b5746dc9c6f46944c0ddae42022-12-22T00:08:57ZengF1000 Research LtdF1000Research2046-14022015-10-01410.12688/f1000research.6587.27839Non-invasive imaging to monitor lupus nephritis and neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus [version 2; referees: 2 approved]Joshua M. Thurman0Natalie J. Serkova1Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, 80045, USADepartment of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, 80045, USASystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that can affect multiple different organs, including the kidneys and central nervous system (CNS). Conventional radiological examinations in SLE patients include volumetric/ anatomical computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasound (US). The utility of these modalities is limited, however, due to the complexity of the disease. Furthermore, standard CT and MRI contrast agents are contraindicated in patients with renal impairment. Various radiologic methods are currently being developed to improve disease characterization in patients with SLE beyond simple anatomical endpoints. Physiological non-contrast MRI protocols have been developed to assess tissue oxygenation, glomerular filtration, renal perfusion, interstitial diffusion, and inflammation-driven fibrosis in lupus nephritis (LN) patients. For neurological symptoms, vessel size imaging (VSI, an MRI approach utilizing T2-relaxing iron oxide nanoparticles) has shown promise as a diagnostic tool. Molecular imaging probes (mostly for MRI and nuclear medicine imaging) have also been developed for diagnosing SLE with high sensitivity, and for monitoring disease activity. This paper reviews the challenges in evaluating disease activity in patients with LN and neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE). We describe novel MRI and positron-emission tomography (PET) molecular imaging protocols using targeted iron oxide nanoparticles and radioactive ligands, respectively, for detection of SLE-associated inflammation.http://f1000research.com/articles/4-153/v2AutoimmunityLiver Biology & Pathobiology |
| spellingShingle | Joshua M. Thurman Natalie J. Serkova Non-invasive imaging to monitor lupus nephritis and neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus [version 2; referees: 2 approved] F1000Research Autoimmunity Liver Biology & Pathobiology |
| title | Non-invasive imaging to monitor lupus nephritis and neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus [version 2; referees: 2 approved] |
| title_full | Non-invasive imaging to monitor lupus nephritis and neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus [version 2; referees: 2 approved] |
| title_fullStr | Non-invasive imaging to monitor lupus nephritis and neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus [version 2; referees: 2 approved] |
| title_full_unstemmed | Non-invasive imaging to monitor lupus nephritis and neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus [version 2; referees: 2 approved] |
| title_short | Non-invasive imaging to monitor lupus nephritis and neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus [version 2; referees: 2 approved] |
| title_sort | non invasive imaging to monitor lupus nephritis and neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus version 2 referees 2 approved |
| topic | Autoimmunity Liver Biology & Pathobiology |
| url | http://f1000research.com/articles/4-153/v2 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT joshuamthurman noninvasiveimagingtomonitorlupusnephritisandneuropsychiatricsystemiclupuserythematosusversion2referees2approved AT nataliejserkova noninvasiveimagingtomonitorlupusnephritisandneuropsychiatricsystemiclupuserythematosusversion2referees2approved |