Gold Nanomaterial Uptake from Soil Is Not Increased by Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Colonization of Solanum Lycopersicum (Tomato)
Bioaccumulation of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) by plants has been demonstrated in numerous studies over the past 5–10 years. However, the overwhelming majority of these studies were conducted using hydroponic systems and the degree to which the addition of the biological and chemical components...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2016-04-01
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| Series: | Nanomaterials |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/6/4/68 |
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| author | Jonathan D. Judy Jason K. Kirby Mike J. McLaughlin Timothy Cavagnaro Paul M. Bertsch |
| author_facet | Jonathan D. Judy Jason K. Kirby Mike J. McLaughlin Timothy Cavagnaro Paul M. Bertsch |
| author_sort | Jonathan D. Judy |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Bioaccumulation of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) by plants has been demonstrated in numerous studies over the past 5–10 years. However, the overwhelming majority of these studies were conducted using hydroponic systems and the degree to which the addition of the biological and chemical components present in the soil might fundamentally alter the potential of plant bioaccumulation of ENMs is unclear. Here, we used two genotypes of Solanum lycopersicum (tomato), reduced mycorrhizal colonization (rmc), a mutant which does not allow arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) colonization, and its progenitor, 76R, to examine how colonization by AMF alters trends of gold ENM bioaccumulation from a natural soil. Gold was taken up and bioaccumulated by plants of both genotypes. Gold concentrations were significantly higher in the rmc treatment although this was likely attributable to the large differences in biomass between the 76R and rmc plants. Regardless, there was little evidence that AMF played a significant role in trafficking Au ENMs into the plants. Furthermore, despite very low NH4NO3 extractable Au concentrations, Au accumulated at the root-soil interface. Although this observation would seem to suggest that ENMs may have potential to influence this particularly biologically active and important soil compartment, we observed no evidence of this here, as the 76R plants developed a robust AMF symbiosis despite accumulation of Au ENMs at the rhizoplane. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T20:59:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-676b773b12c646baa684742749ff179e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-4991 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T20:59:50Z |
| publishDate | 2016-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nanomaterials |
| spelling | doaj.art-676b773b12c646baa684742749ff179e2022-12-22T02:30:11ZengMDPI AGNanomaterials2079-49912016-04-01646810.3390/nano6040068nano6040068Gold Nanomaterial Uptake from Soil Is Not Increased by Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Colonization of Solanum Lycopersicum (Tomato)Jonathan D. Judy0Jason K. Kirby1Mike J. McLaughlin2Timothy Cavagnaro3Paul M. Bertsch4Commonwealth Science and Industry Research Organization (CSIRO) Land and Water, Waite Road, PMB 2, Urrbrae 5064, South Australia, AustraliaCommonwealth Science and Industry Research Organization (CSIRO) Land and Water, Waite Road, PMB 2, Urrbrae 5064, South Australia, AustraliaCommonwealth Science and Industry Research Organization (CSIRO) Land and Water, Waite Road, PMB 2, Urrbrae 5064, South Australia, AustraliaSchool of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, PMB 1, Glen Osmond 5064, South Australia, AustraliaCenter for the Environmental Implications for Nanotechnology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USABioaccumulation of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) by plants has been demonstrated in numerous studies over the past 5–10 years. However, the overwhelming majority of these studies were conducted using hydroponic systems and the degree to which the addition of the biological and chemical components present in the soil might fundamentally alter the potential of plant bioaccumulation of ENMs is unclear. Here, we used two genotypes of Solanum lycopersicum (tomato), reduced mycorrhizal colonization (rmc), a mutant which does not allow arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) colonization, and its progenitor, 76R, to examine how colonization by AMF alters trends of gold ENM bioaccumulation from a natural soil. Gold was taken up and bioaccumulated by plants of both genotypes. Gold concentrations were significantly higher in the rmc treatment although this was likely attributable to the large differences in biomass between the 76R and rmc plants. Regardless, there was little evidence that AMF played a significant role in trafficking Au ENMs into the plants. Furthermore, despite very low NH4NO3 extractable Au concentrations, Au accumulated at the root-soil interface. Although this observation would seem to suggest that ENMs may have potential to influence this particularly biologically active and important soil compartment, we observed no evidence of this here, as the 76R plants developed a robust AMF symbiosis despite accumulation of Au ENMs at the rhizoplane.http://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/6/4/68nanotoxicologynanotechnologyecotoxicologyrisk assessment |
| spellingShingle | Jonathan D. Judy Jason K. Kirby Mike J. McLaughlin Timothy Cavagnaro Paul M. Bertsch Gold Nanomaterial Uptake from Soil Is Not Increased by Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Colonization of Solanum Lycopersicum (Tomato) Nanomaterials nanotoxicology nanotechnology ecotoxicology risk assessment |
| title | Gold Nanomaterial Uptake from Soil Is Not Increased by Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Colonization of Solanum Lycopersicum (Tomato) |
| title_full | Gold Nanomaterial Uptake from Soil Is Not Increased by Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Colonization of Solanum Lycopersicum (Tomato) |
| title_fullStr | Gold Nanomaterial Uptake from Soil Is Not Increased by Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Colonization of Solanum Lycopersicum (Tomato) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Gold Nanomaterial Uptake from Soil Is Not Increased by Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Colonization of Solanum Lycopersicum (Tomato) |
| title_short | Gold Nanomaterial Uptake from Soil Is Not Increased by Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Colonization of Solanum Lycopersicum (Tomato) |
| title_sort | gold nanomaterial uptake from soil is not increased by arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization of solanum lycopersicum tomato |
| topic | nanotoxicology nanotechnology ecotoxicology risk assessment |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/6/4/68 |
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