Natural Antioxidants: Multiple Mechanisms to Protect Skin From Solar Radiation
Human skin exposed to solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) results in a dramatic increase in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The sudden increase in ROS shifts the natural balance toward a pro-oxidative state, resulting in oxidative stress. The detrimental effects of oxidative stress oc...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2018-04-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Pharmacology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fphar.2018.00392/full |
| _version_ | 1818467908061233152 |
|---|---|
| author | Spencer Dunaway Rachel Odin Linli Zhou Linli Zhou Liyuan Ji Liyuan Ji Yuhang Zhang Ana L. Kadekaro |
| author_facet | Spencer Dunaway Rachel Odin Linli Zhou Linli Zhou Liyuan Ji Liyuan Ji Yuhang Zhang Ana L. Kadekaro |
| author_sort | Spencer Dunaway |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Human skin exposed to solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) results in a dramatic increase in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The sudden increase in ROS shifts the natural balance toward a pro-oxidative state, resulting in oxidative stress. The detrimental effects of oxidative stress occur through multiple mechanisms that involve alterations to proteins and lipids, induction of inflammation, immunosuppression, DNA damage, and activation of signaling pathways that affect gene transcription, cell cycle, proliferation, and apoptosis. All of these alterations promote carcinogenesis and therefore, regulation of ROS levels is critical to the maintenance of normal skin homeostasis. Several botanical products have been found to exhibit potent antioxidant capacity and the ability to counteract UV-induced insults to the skin. These natural products exert their beneficial effects through multiple pathways, including some known to be negatively affected by solar UVR. Aging of the skin is also accelerated by UVR exposure, in particular UVA rays that penetrate deep into the epidermis and the dermis where it causes the degradation of collagen and elastin fibers via oxidative stress and activation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Because natural compounds are capable of attenuating some of the UV-induced aging effects in the skin, increased attention has been generated in the area of cosmetic sciences. The focus of this review is to cover the most prominent phytoproducts with potential to mitigate the deleterious effects of solar UVR and suitability for use in topical application. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T21:06:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-677f898f13d84a86b7f63587a5f503cd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1663-9812 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T21:06:39Z |
| publishDate | 2018-04-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Pharmacology |
| spelling | doaj.art-677f898f13d84a86b7f63587a5f503cd2022-12-22T02:29:58ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Pharmacology1663-98122018-04-01910.3389/fphar.2018.00392358049Natural Antioxidants: Multiple Mechanisms to Protect Skin From Solar RadiationSpencer Dunaway0Rachel Odin1Linli Zhou2Linli Zhou3Liyuan Ji4Liyuan Ji5Yuhang Zhang6Ana L. Kadekaro7Department of Dermatology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United StatesDepartment of Dermatology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United StatesDepartment of Dermatology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United StatesDivision of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Cincinnati College of Pharmacy, Cincinnati, OH, United StatesDepartment of Dermatology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United StatesDivision of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Cincinnati College of Pharmacy, Cincinnati, OH, United StatesDivision of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Cincinnati College of Pharmacy, Cincinnati, OH, United StatesDepartment of Dermatology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United StatesHuman skin exposed to solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) results in a dramatic increase in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The sudden increase in ROS shifts the natural balance toward a pro-oxidative state, resulting in oxidative stress. The detrimental effects of oxidative stress occur through multiple mechanisms that involve alterations to proteins and lipids, induction of inflammation, immunosuppression, DNA damage, and activation of signaling pathways that affect gene transcription, cell cycle, proliferation, and apoptosis. All of these alterations promote carcinogenesis and therefore, regulation of ROS levels is critical to the maintenance of normal skin homeostasis. Several botanical products have been found to exhibit potent antioxidant capacity and the ability to counteract UV-induced insults to the skin. These natural products exert their beneficial effects through multiple pathways, including some known to be negatively affected by solar UVR. Aging of the skin is also accelerated by UVR exposure, in particular UVA rays that penetrate deep into the epidermis and the dermis where it causes the degradation of collagen and elastin fibers via oxidative stress and activation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Because natural compounds are capable of attenuating some of the UV-induced aging effects in the skin, increased attention has been generated in the area of cosmetic sciences. The focus of this review is to cover the most prominent phytoproducts with potential to mitigate the deleterious effects of solar UVR and suitability for use in topical application.http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fphar.2018.00392/fullantioxidantsultraviolet radiationoxidative stressinflammationskin cancerreactive oxygen species |
| spellingShingle | Spencer Dunaway Rachel Odin Linli Zhou Linli Zhou Liyuan Ji Liyuan Ji Yuhang Zhang Ana L. Kadekaro Natural Antioxidants: Multiple Mechanisms to Protect Skin From Solar Radiation Frontiers in Pharmacology antioxidants ultraviolet radiation oxidative stress inflammation skin cancer reactive oxygen species |
| title | Natural Antioxidants: Multiple Mechanisms to Protect Skin From Solar Radiation |
| title_full | Natural Antioxidants: Multiple Mechanisms to Protect Skin From Solar Radiation |
| title_fullStr | Natural Antioxidants: Multiple Mechanisms to Protect Skin From Solar Radiation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Natural Antioxidants: Multiple Mechanisms to Protect Skin From Solar Radiation |
| title_short | Natural Antioxidants: Multiple Mechanisms to Protect Skin From Solar Radiation |
| title_sort | natural antioxidants multiple mechanisms to protect skin from solar radiation |
| topic | antioxidants ultraviolet radiation oxidative stress inflammation skin cancer reactive oxygen species |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fphar.2018.00392/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT spencerdunaway naturalantioxidantsmultiplemechanismstoprotectskinfromsolarradiation AT rachelodin naturalantioxidantsmultiplemechanismstoprotectskinfromsolarradiation AT linlizhou naturalantioxidantsmultiplemechanismstoprotectskinfromsolarradiation AT linlizhou naturalantioxidantsmultiplemechanismstoprotectskinfromsolarradiation AT liyuanji naturalantioxidantsmultiplemechanismstoprotectskinfromsolarradiation AT liyuanji naturalantioxidantsmultiplemechanismstoprotectskinfromsolarradiation AT yuhangzhang naturalantioxidantsmultiplemechanismstoprotectskinfromsolarradiation AT analkadekaro naturalantioxidantsmultiplemechanismstoprotectskinfromsolarradiation |