Effects of Calcium Carbonate Microcapsules and Nanohydroxyapatite on Properties of Thermosensitive Chitosan/Collagen Hydrogels
Thermosensitive chitosan/collagen hydrogels are osteoconductive and injectable materials. In this study, we aimed to improve these properties by adjusting the ratio of nanohydroxyapatite particles to calcium carbonate microcapsules in a β-glycerophosphate-crosslinked chitosan/collagen hydrogel. Two...
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MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Polymers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/2/416 |
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| author | Premjit Arpornmaeklong Natthaporn Jaiman Komsan Apinyauppatham Asira Fuongfuchat Supakorn Boonyuen |
| author_facet | Premjit Arpornmaeklong Natthaporn Jaiman Komsan Apinyauppatham Asira Fuongfuchat Supakorn Boonyuen |
| author_sort | Premjit Arpornmaeklong |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Thermosensitive chitosan/collagen hydrogels are osteoconductive and injectable materials. In this study, we aimed to improve these properties by adjusting the ratio of nanohydroxyapatite particles to calcium carbonate microcapsules in a β-glycerophosphate-crosslinked chitosan/collagen hydrogel. Two hydrogel systems with 2% and 5% nanohydroxyapatite particles were studied, each of which had varying microcapsule content (i.e., 0%, 1%, 2%, and 5%). Quercetin-incorporated calcium carbonate microcapsules were prepared. Calcium carbonate microcapsules and nanohydroxyapatite particles were then added to the hydrogel according to the composition of the studied system. The properties of the hydrogels, including cytotoxicity and biocompatibility, were investigated in mice. The calcium carbonate microcapsules were 2–6 µm in size, spherical, with rough and nanoporous surfaces, and thus exhibited a burst release of impregnated quercetin. The 5% nanohydroxyapatite system is a solid particulate gel that supports homogeneous distribution of microcapsules in the three-dimensional matrix of the hydrogels. Calcium carbonate microcapsules increased the mechanical and physical strength, viscoelasticity, and physical stability of the nanohydroxyapatite hydrogels while decreasing their porosity, swelling, and degradation rates. The calcium carbonate microcapsules–nanohydroxyapatite hydrogels were noncytotoxic and biocompatible. The properties of the hydrogel can be tailored by adjusting the ratio of calcium carbonate microcapsules to the nanohydroxyapatite particles. The 1% calcium carbonate microcapsules containing 5% nanohydroxyapatite particle–chitosan/collagen hydrogel exhibited mechanical and physical strength, permeability, and prolonged release profiles of quercetin, which were superior to those of the other studied systems and were optimal for promoting bone regeneration and delivering natural flavonoids. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:23:23Z |
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| issn | 2073-4360 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:23:23Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Polymers |
| spelling | doaj.art-6782219c8fa5485088004b28a99bf9162023-12-01T00:09:42ZengMDPI AGPolymers2073-43602023-01-0115241610.3390/polym15020416Effects of Calcium Carbonate Microcapsules and Nanohydroxyapatite on Properties of Thermosensitive Chitosan/Collagen HydrogelsPremjit Arpornmaeklong0Natthaporn Jaiman1Komsan Apinyauppatham2Asira Fuongfuchat3Supakorn Boonyuen4Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Thammasat University Rangsit Campus, Rangsit 12121, ThailandMaster of Science Program in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Thammasat University Rangsit Campus, Rangsit 12121, ThailandDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Thammasat University Rangsit Campus, Rangsit 12121, ThailandNational Metal and Materials Technology Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Khlong Luang 12120, ThailandDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Thammasat University Rangsit Campus, Rangsit 12121, ThailandThermosensitive chitosan/collagen hydrogels are osteoconductive and injectable materials. In this study, we aimed to improve these properties by adjusting the ratio of nanohydroxyapatite particles to calcium carbonate microcapsules in a β-glycerophosphate-crosslinked chitosan/collagen hydrogel. Two hydrogel systems with 2% and 5% nanohydroxyapatite particles were studied, each of which had varying microcapsule content (i.e., 0%, 1%, 2%, and 5%). Quercetin-incorporated calcium carbonate microcapsules were prepared. Calcium carbonate microcapsules and nanohydroxyapatite particles were then added to the hydrogel according to the composition of the studied system. The properties of the hydrogels, including cytotoxicity and biocompatibility, were investigated in mice. The calcium carbonate microcapsules were 2–6 µm in size, spherical, with rough and nanoporous surfaces, and thus exhibited a burst release of impregnated quercetin. The 5% nanohydroxyapatite system is a solid particulate gel that supports homogeneous distribution of microcapsules in the three-dimensional matrix of the hydrogels. Calcium carbonate microcapsules increased the mechanical and physical strength, viscoelasticity, and physical stability of the nanohydroxyapatite hydrogels while decreasing their porosity, swelling, and degradation rates. The calcium carbonate microcapsules–nanohydroxyapatite hydrogels were noncytotoxic and biocompatible. The properties of the hydrogel can be tailored by adjusting the ratio of calcium carbonate microcapsules to the nanohydroxyapatite particles. The 1% calcium carbonate microcapsules containing 5% nanohydroxyapatite particle–chitosan/collagen hydrogel exhibited mechanical and physical strength, permeability, and prolonged release profiles of quercetin, which were superior to those of the other studied systems and were optimal for promoting bone regeneration and delivering natural flavonoids.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/2/416bone substitutescalcium carbonate microcapsulescontrolled releasenanohydroxyapatite particlesquercetinthermosensitive chitosan/collagen hydrogel |
| spellingShingle | Premjit Arpornmaeklong Natthaporn Jaiman Komsan Apinyauppatham Asira Fuongfuchat Supakorn Boonyuen Effects of Calcium Carbonate Microcapsules and Nanohydroxyapatite on Properties of Thermosensitive Chitosan/Collagen Hydrogels Polymers bone substitutes calcium carbonate microcapsules controlled release nanohydroxyapatite particles quercetin thermosensitive chitosan/collagen hydrogel |
| title | Effects of Calcium Carbonate Microcapsules and Nanohydroxyapatite on Properties of Thermosensitive Chitosan/Collagen Hydrogels |
| title_full | Effects of Calcium Carbonate Microcapsules and Nanohydroxyapatite on Properties of Thermosensitive Chitosan/Collagen Hydrogels |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Calcium Carbonate Microcapsules and Nanohydroxyapatite on Properties of Thermosensitive Chitosan/Collagen Hydrogels |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Calcium Carbonate Microcapsules and Nanohydroxyapatite on Properties of Thermosensitive Chitosan/Collagen Hydrogels |
| title_short | Effects of Calcium Carbonate Microcapsules and Nanohydroxyapatite on Properties of Thermosensitive Chitosan/Collagen Hydrogels |
| title_sort | effects of calcium carbonate microcapsules and nanohydroxyapatite on properties of thermosensitive chitosan collagen hydrogels |
| topic | bone substitutes calcium carbonate microcapsules controlled release nanohydroxyapatite particles quercetin thermosensitive chitosan/collagen hydrogel |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/2/416 |
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