Extracellular vesicles in β cell biology: Role of lipids in vesicle biogenesis, cargo, and intercellular signaling
Background: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a complex autoimmune disorder whose pathogenesis involves an intricate interplay between β cells of the pancreatic islet, other islet cells, and cells of the immune system. Direct intercellular communication within the islet occurs via cell surface proteins and i...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Molecular Metabolism |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212877822001144 |
| _version_ | 1818484686670790656 |
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| author | Rebecca S. Aguirre Abhishek Kulkarni Matthew W. Becker Xiaoyong Lei Soumyadeep Sarkar Sasanka Ramanadham Edward A. Phelps Ernesto S. Nakayasu Emily K. Sims Raghavendra G. Mirmira |
| author_facet | Rebecca S. Aguirre Abhishek Kulkarni Matthew W. Becker Xiaoyong Lei Soumyadeep Sarkar Sasanka Ramanadham Edward A. Phelps Ernesto S. Nakayasu Emily K. Sims Raghavendra G. Mirmira |
| author_sort | Rebecca S. Aguirre |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a complex autoimmune disorder whose pathogenesis involves an intricate interplay between β cells of the pancreatic islet, other islet cells, and cells of the immune system. Direct intercellular communication within the islet occurs via cell surface proteins and indirect intercellular communication has traditionally been seen as occurring via secreted proteins (e.g., endocrine hormones and cytokines). However, recent literature suggests that extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by β cells constitute an additional and biologically important mechanism for transmitting signals to within the islet. Scope of review: This review summarizes the general mechanisms of EV formation, with a particular focus on how lipids and lipid signaling pathways influence their formation and cargo. We review the implications of EV release from β cells for T1D pathogenesis, how EVs and their cargo might be leveraged as biomarkers of this process, and how EVs might be engineered as a therapeutic candidate to counter T1D outcomes. Major conclusions: Islet β cells have been viewed as initiators and propagators of the cellular circuit giving rise to autoimmunity in T1D. In this context, emerging literature suggests that EVs may represent a conduit for communication that holds more comprehensive messaging about the β cells from which they arise. As the field of EV biology advances, it opens the possibility that intervening with EV formation and cargo loading could be a novel disease-modifying approach in T1D. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T15:58:09Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-678c7a50544c41d5811309036b14ae85 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2212-8778 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T15:58:09Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecular Metabolism |
| spelling | doaj.art-678c7a50544c41d5811309036b14ae852022-12-22T01:42:33ZengElsevierMolecular Metabolism2212-87782022-09-0163101545Extracellular vesicles in β cell biology: Role of lipids in vesicle biogenesis, cargo, and intercellular signalingRebecca S. Aguirre0Abhishek Kulkarni1Matthew W. Becker2Xiaoyong Lei3Soumyadeep Sarkar4Sasanka Ramanadham5Edward A. Phelps6Ernesto S. Nakayasu7Emily K. Sims8Raghavendra G. Mirmira9Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USADepartment of Medicine and the Kovler Diabetes Center, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USAJ. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USADepartment of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology & The Comprehensive Diabetes Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USABiological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USADepartment of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology & The Comprehensive Diabetes Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USAJ. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USABiological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USADepartment of Pediatrics and the Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USADepartment of Medicine and the Kovler Diabetes Center, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Corresponding author. 900 E. 57th St., KCBD 8130, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.Background: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a complex autoimmune disorder whose pathogenesis involves an intricate interplay between β cells of the pancreatic islet, other islet cells, and cells of the immune system. Direct intercellular communication within the islet occurs via cell surface proteins and indirect intercellular communication has traditionally been seen as occurring via secreted proteins (e.g., endocrine hormones and cytokines). However, recent literature suggests that extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by β cells constitute an additional and biologically important mechanism for transmitting signals to within the islet. Scope of review: This review summarizes the general mechanisms of EV formation, with a particular focus on how lipids and lipid signaling pathways influence their formation and cargo. We review the implications of EV release from β cells for T1D pathogenesis, how EVs and their cargo might be leveraged as biomarkers of this process, and how EVs might be engineered as a therapeutic candidate to counter T1D outcomes. Major conclusions: Islet β cells have been viewed as initiators and propagators of the cellular circuit giving rise to autoimmunity in T1D. In this context, emerging literature suggests that EVs may represent a conduit for communication that holds more comprehensive messaging about the β cells from which they arise. As the field of EV biology advances, it opens the possibility that intervening with EV formation and cargo loading could be a novel disease-modifying approach in T1D.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212877822001144IsletDiabetesExtracellular vesiclesLipids |
| spellingShingle | Rebecca S. Aguirre Abhishek Kulkarni Matthew W. Becker Xiaoyong Lei Soumyadeep Sarkar Sasanka Ramanadham Edward A. Phelps Ernesto S. Nakayasu Emily K. Sims Raghavendra G. Mirmira Extracellular vesicles in β cell biology: Role of lipids in vesicle biogenesis, cargo, and intercellular signaling Molecular Metabolism Islet Diabetes Extracellular vesicles Lipids |
| title | Extracellular vesicles in β cell biology: Role of lipids in vesicle biogenesis, cargo, and intercellular signaling |
| title_full | Extracellular vesicles in β cell biology: Role of lipids in vesicle biogenesis, cargo, and intercellular signaling |
| title_fullStr | Extracellular vesicles in β cell biology: Role of lipids in vesicle biogenesis, cargo, and intercellular signaling |
| title_full_unstemmed | Extracellular vesicles in β cell biology: Role of lipids in vesicle biogenesis, cargo, and intercellular signaling |
| title_short | Extracellular vesicles in β cell biology: Role of lipids in vesicle biogenesis, cargo, and intercellular signaling |
| title_sort | extracellular vesicles in β cell biology role of lipids in vesicle biogenesis cargo and intercellular signaling |
| topic | Islet Diabetes Extracellular vesicles Lipids |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212877822001144 |
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