Emerging Roles of Exosomes in T1DM
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a complex autoimmune disorder that mainly affects children and adolescents. The elevated blood glucose level of patients with T1DM results from absolute insulin deficiency and leads to hyperglycemia and the development of life-threatening diabetic complications. Al...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2020-11-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2020.593348/full |
| _version_ | 1818322618008207360 |
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| author | Haipeng Pang Shuoming Luo Yang Xiao Ying Xia Xia Li Gan Huang Zhiguo Xie Zhiguang Zhou |
| author_facet | Haipeng Pang Shuoming Luo Yang Xiao Ying Xia Xia Li Gan Huang Zhiguo Xie Zhiguang Zhou |
| author_sort | Haipeng Pang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a complex autoimmune disorder that mainly affects children and adolescents. The elevated blood glucose level of patients with T1DM results from absolute insulin deficiency and leads to hyperglycemia and the development of life-threatening diabetic complications. Although great efforts have been made to elucidate the pathogenesis of this disease, the precise underlying mechanisms are still obscure. Emerging evidence indicates that small extracellular vesicles, namely, exosomes, take part in intercellular communication and regulate interorgan crosstalk. More importantly, many findings suggest that exosomes and their cargo are associated with the development of T1DM. Therefore, a deeper understanding of exosomes is beneficial for further elucidating the pathogenic process of T1DM. Exosomes are promising biomarkers for evaluating the risk of developingty T1DM, monitoring the disease state and predicting related complications because their number and composition can reflect the status of their parent cells. Additionally, since exosomes are natural carriers of functional proteins, RNA and DNA, they can be used as therapeutic tools to deliver these molecules and drugs. In this review, we briefly introduce the current understanding of exosomes. Next, we focus on the relationship between exosomes and T1DM from three perspectives, i.e., the pathogenic role of exosomes in T1DM, exosomes as novel biomarkers of T1DM and exosomes as therapeutic tools for T1DM. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T10:59:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6797af9b29ba458b81c69b88530d25d6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T10:59:39Z |
| publishDate | 2020-11-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-6797af9b29ba458b81c69b88530d25d62022-12-21T23:49:19ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242020-11-011110.3389/fimmu.2020.593348593348Emerging Roles of Exosomes in T1DMHaipeng PangShuoming LuoYang XiaoYing XiaXia LiGan HuangZhiguo XieZhiguang ZhouType 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a complex autoimmune disorder that mainly affects children and adolescents. The elevated blood glucose level of patients with T1DM results from absolute insulin deficiency and leads to hyperglycemia and the development of life-threatening diabetic complications. Although great efforts have been made to elucidate the pathogenesis of this disease, the precise underlying mechanisms are still obscure. Emerging evidence indicates that small extracellular vesicles, namely, exosomes, take part in intercellular communication and regulate interorgan crosstalk. More importantly, many findings suggest that exosomes and their cargo are associated with the development of T1DM. Therefore, a deeper understanding of exosomes is beneficial for further elucidating the pathogenic process of T1DM. Exosomes are promising biomarkers for evaluating the risk of developingty T1DM, monitoring the disease state and predicting related complications because their number and composition can reflect the status of their parent cells. Additionally, since exosomes are natural carriers of functional proteins, RNA and DNA, they can be used as therapeutic tools to deliver these molecules and drugs. In this review, we briefly introduce the current understanding of exosomes. Next, we focus on the relationship between exosomes and T1DM from three perspectives, i.e., the pathogenic role of exosomes in T1DM, exosomes as novel biomarkers of T1DM and exosomes as therapeutic tools for T1DM.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2020.593348/fulltype 1 diabetes mellitusexosomesbiomarkersmicroRNAstherapy |
| spellingShingle | Haipeng Pang Shuoming Luo Yang Xiao Ying Xia Xia Li Gan Huang Zhiguo Xie Zhiguang Zhou Emerging Roles of Exosomes in T1DM Frontiers in Immunology type 1 diabetes mellitus exosomes biomarkers microRNAs therapy |
| title | Emerging Roles of Exosomes in T1DM |
| title_full | Emerging Roles of Exosomes in T1DM |
| title_fullStr | Emerging Roles of Exosomes in T1DM |
| title_full_unstemmed | Emerging Roles of Exosomes in T1DM |
| title_short | Emerging Roles of Exosomes in T1DM |
| title_sort | emerging roles of exosomes in t1dm |
| topic | type 1 diabetes mellitus exosomes biomarkers microRNAs therapy |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2020.593348/full |
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