A confirmatory factor analysis of a cognitive model of COVID-19 related anxiety and depression
The mental health impact of the COVID-19 pandemic has been significant, with many regions across the globe reporting significant increases in anxiety, depression, trauma, and insomnia. This study aims to validate a potential cognitive model of maintenance factors of COVID-19 related distress by exam...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Acta Psychologica |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0001691823000379 |
| _version_ | 1797870590647861248 |
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| author | Aurora Katharina Delz Keith Gaynor Rachael O'Connor Luisa Schmieder Ellen Somers |
| author_facet | Aurora Katharina Delz Keith Gaynor Rachael O'Connor Luisa Schmieder Ellen Somers |
| author_sort | Aurora Katharina Delz |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The mental health impact of the COVID-19 pandemic has been significant, with many regions across the globe reporting significant increases in anxiety, depression, trauma, and insomnia. This study aims to validate a potential cognitive model of maintenance factors of COVID-19 related distress by examining psychological predictors of distress, and their goodness-of-fit as a coherent model. Participants from the general population (n = 555) were recruited using a cross-sectional on-line survey design, assessing Demographic factors, Anxiety, Depression, Loneliness, COVID-19 related distress, Trauma Cognitions related to COVID-19, Rumination, Safety Behaviours, Personality Factors, and Mental Effort related to COVID-19. A series of stepwise linear regressions found that components of the model were significant and accounted for a large percentage of variance when examining Covid-19 related distress (R2 = 0.447 Covid Stress Scale), Anxiety (R2 = 0.536 DASS-Anxiety Subscale) and Depression (R2 = 0.596 Depression DASS-subscale). In a confirmatory factor analysis, Loneliness, Post-Traumatic Cognitions about Self, Post-Traumatic Cognitions about the World, Emotional Stability, and Mental Effort related to COVID-19 loaded onto a single factor. The final model showed adequate fit (CFI = 0.990, TLI = 0.983, RMSEA = 0.053 (0.027–0.080), GFI = 0.986, SRMR = 0.0216, χ2 = 23.087, p = .006). The results highlight the importance of cognitive factors, such as post-traumatic cognitions, rumination, and mental effort in maintaining COVID-19 related distress. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T00:30:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-67a3a073450246388b2275c9f21c1aa7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0001-6918 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T00:30:54Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Acta Psychologica |
| spelling | doaj.art-67a3a073450246388b2275c9f21c1aa72023-03-15T04:27:12ZengElsevierActa Psychologica0001-69182023-04-01234103861A confirmatory factor analysis of a cognitive model of COVID-19 related anxiety and depressionAurora Katharina Delz0Keith Gaynor1Rachael O'Connor2Luisa Schmieder3Ellen Somers4School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Dublin, IrelandDETECT, Early Intervention in Psychosis Service, Blackrock, Dublin, Ireland; Corresponding author at: School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Dublin, IrelandSchool of Psychology, University College Dublin, Dublin, IrelandSchool of Psychology, University College Dublin, Dublin, IrelandThe mental health impact of the COVID-19 pandemic has been significant, with many regions across the globe reporting significant increases in anxiety, depression, trauma, and insomnia. This study aims to validate a potential cognitive model of maintenance factors of COVID-19 related distress by examining psychological predictors of distress, and their goodness-of-fit as a coherent model. Participants from the general population (n = 555) were recruited using a cross-sectional on-line survey design, assessing Demographic factors, Anxiety, Depression, Loneliness, COVID-19 related distress, Trauma Cognitions related to COVID-19, Rumination, Safety Behaviours, Personality Factors, and Mental Effort related to COVID-19. A series of stepwise linear regressions found that components of the model were significant and accounted for a large percentage of variance when examining Covid-19 related distress (R2 = 0.447 Covid Stress Scale), Anxiety (R2 = 0.536 DASS-Anxiety Subscale) and Depression (R2 = 0.596 Depression DASS-subscale). In a confirmatory factor analysis, Loneliness, Post-Traumatic Cognitions about Self, Post-Traumatic Cognitions about the World, Emotional Stability, and Mental Effort related to COVID-19 loaded onto a single factor. The final model showed adequate fit (CFI = 0.990, TLI = 0.983, RMSEA = 0.053 (0.027–0.080), GFI = 0.986, SRMR = 0.0216, χ2 = 23.087, p = .006). The results highlight the importance of cognitive factors, such as post-traumatic cognitions, rumination, and mental effort in maintaining COVID-19 related distress.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0001691823000379COVID-19Cognitive Behavioural TherapyCBTPredictive modelConfirmatory factor analysis |
| spellingShingle | Aurora Katharina Delz Keith Gaynor Rachael O'Connor Luisa Schmieder Ellen Somers A confirmatory factor analysis of a cognitive model of COVID-19 related anxiety and depression Acta Psychologica COVID-19 Cognitive Behavioural Therapy CBT Predictive model Confirmatory factor analysis |
| title | A confirmatory factor analysis of a cognitive model of COVID-19 related anxiety and depression |
| title_full | A confirmatory factor analysis of a cognitive model of COVID-19 related anxiety and depression |
| title_fullStr | A confirmatory factor analysis of a cognitive model of COVID-19 related anxiety and depression |
| title_full_unstemmed | A confirmatory factor analysis of a cognitive model of COVID-19 related anxiety and depression |
| title_short | A confirmatory factor analysis of a cognitive model of COVID-19 related anxiety and depression |
| title_sort | confirmatory factor analysis of a cognitive model of covid 19 related anxiety and depression |
| topic | COVID-19 Cognitive Behavioural Therapy CBT Predictive model Confirmatory factor analysis |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0001691823000379 |
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