Visualization of oxygen distribution patterns caused by coral and algae
Planar optodes were used to visualize oxygen distribution patterns associated with a coral reef associated green algae (Chaetomorpha sp.) and a hermatypic coral (Favia sp.) separately, as standalone organisms, and placed in close proximity mimicking coral-algal interactions. Oxygen patterns were ass...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
PeerJ Inc.
2013-07-01
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| Series: | PeerJ |
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| Online Access: | https://peerj.com/articles/106.pdf |
| _version_ | 1797419774176657408 |
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| author | Andreas F. Haas Allison K. Gregg Jennifer E. Smith Maria L. Abieri Mark Hatay Forest Rohwer |
| author_facet | Andreas F. Haas Allison K. Gregg Jennifer E. Smith Maria L. Abieri Mark Hatay Forest Rohwer |
| author_sort | Andreas F. Haas |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Planar optodes were used to visualize oxygen distribution patterns associated with a coral reef associated green algae (Chaetomorpha sp.) and a hermatypic coral (Favia sp.) separately, as standalone organisms, and placed in close proximity mimicking coral-algal interactions. Oxygen patterns were assessed in light and dark conditions and under varying flow regimes. The images show discrete high oxygen concentration regions above the organisms during lighted periods and low oxygen in the dark. Size and orientation of these areas were dependent on flow regime. For corals and algae in close proximity the 2D optodes show areas of extremely low oxygen concentration at the interaction interfaces under both dark (18.4 ± 7.7 µmol O2 L- 1) and daylight (97.9 ± 27.5 µmol O2 L- 1) conditions. These images present the first two-dimensional visualization of oxygen gradients generated by benthic reef algae and corals under varying flow conditions and provide a 2D depiction of previously observed hypoxic zones at coral algae interfaces. This approach allows for visualization of locally confined, distinctive alterations of oxygen concentrations facilitated by benthic organisms and provides compelling evidence for hypoxic conditions at coral-algae interaction zones. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T06:53:10Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-67b493e224fa4397b32eb25e7c958ca4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2167-8359 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T06:53:10Z |
| publishDate | 2013-07-01 |
| publisher | PeerJ Inc. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PeerJ |
| spelling | doaj.art-67b493e224fa4397b32eb25e7c958ca42023-12-03T10:16:01ZengPeerJ Inc.PeerJ2167-83592013-07-011e10610.7717/peerj.106106Visualization of oxygen distribution patterns caused by coral and algaeAndreas F. Haas0Allison K. Gregg1Jennifer E. Smith2Maria L. Abieri3Mark Hatay4Forest Rohwer5Department of Biology, San Diego State University, United StatesDepartment of Biology, San Diego State University, United StatesScripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, United StatesDepartment of Biology, San Diego State University, United StatesDepartment of Biology, San Diego State University, United StatesDepartment of Biology, San Diego State University, United StatesPlanar optodes were used to visualize oxygen distribution patterns associated with a coral reef associated green algae (Chaetomorpha sp.) and a hermatypic coral (Favia sp.) separately, as standalone organisms, and placed in close proximity mimicking coral-algal interactions. Oxygen patterns were assessed in light and dark conditions and under varying flow regimes. The images show discrete high oxygen concentration regions above the organisms during lighted periods and low oxygen in the dark. Size and orientation of these areas were dependent on flow regime. For corals and algae in close proximity the 2D optodes show areas of extremely low oxygen concentration at the interaction interfaces under both dark (18.4 ± 7.7 µmol O2 L- 1) and daylight (97.9 ± 27.5 µmol O2 L- 1) conditions. These images present the first two-dimensional visualization of oxygen gradients generated by benthic reef algae and corals under varying flow conditions and provide a 2D depiction of previously observed hypoxic zones at coral algae interfaces. This approach allows for visualization of locally confined, distinctive alterations of oxygen concentrations facilitated by benthic organisms and provides compelling evidence for hypoxic conditions at coral-algae interaction zones.https://peerj.com/articles/106.pdfPlanar optodeDissolved oxygenInteractionAlgaeCoralTwo dimensional visualization |
| spellingShingle | Andreas F. Haas Allison K. Gregg Jennifer E. Smith Maria L. Abieri Mark Hatay Forest Rohwer Visualization of oxygen distribution patterns caused by coral and algae PeerJ Planar optode Dissolved oxygen Interaction Algae Coral Two dimensional visualization |
| title | Visualization of oxygen distribution patterns caused by coral and algae |
| title_full | Visualization of oxygen distribution patterns caused by coral and algae |
| title_fullStr | Visualization of oxygen distribution patterns caused by coral and algae |
| title_full_unstemmed | Visualization of oxygen distribution patterns caused by coral and algae |
| title_short | Visualization of oxygen distribution patterns caused by coral and algae |
| title_sort | visualization of oxygen distribution patterns caused by coral and algae |
| topic | Planar optode Dissolved oxygen Interaction Algae Coral Two dimensional visualization |
| url | https://peerj.com/articles/106.pdf |
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