Triglycerides/Glucose Index Is Associated with Sperm Parameters and Sperm DNA Fragmentation in Primary Infertile Men: A Cross-Sectional Study
Study question: we aimed to investigate the relationship between the tyg index and both semen and hormonal characteristics in a cohort of primary infertile men. Summary answer: almost one in two primary infertile men presented with a triglycerides/glucose index (tyg) suggestive of insulin resistance...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-02-01
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| Series: | Metabolites |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/12/2/143 |
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| author | Federico Belladelli Luca Boeri Edoardo Pozzi Giuseppe Fallara Christian Corsini Luigi Candela Walter Cazzaniga Daniele Cignoli Luca Pagliardini Alessia D’Arma Paolo Capogrosso Eugenio Ventimiglia Francesco Montorsi Andrea Salonia |
| author_facet | Federico Belladelli Luca Boeri Edoardo Pozzi Giuseppe Fallara Christian Corsini Luigi Candela Walter Cazzaniga Daniele Cignoli Luca Pagliardini Alessia D’Arma Paolo Capogrosso Eugenio Ventimiglia Francesco Montorsi Andrea Salonia |
| author_sort | Federico Belladelli |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Study question: we aimed to investigate the relationship between the tyg index and both semen and hormonal characteristics in a cohort of primary infertile men. Summary answer: almost one in two primary infertile men presented with a triglycerides/glucose index (tyg) suggestive of insulin resistance (ir). overall, patients with tyg suggestive of ir showed worse clinical, hormonal, and semen parameters. What is already known: male factor infertility (MFI) is often associated with metabolic disorders such as diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome, where insulin resistance (IR) plays a relevant pathological role. Recently, TyG has been suggested as a user-friendly IR marker. Study Design: serum hormones and the sperm DNA fragmentation index (SDF) were measured in every patient. The semen analysis was based on 2010 WHO reference criteria. Glucose and insulin levels were measured for every man after a 12-h overnight fast, and the homeostatic model assessment index (HOMA-IR) was then calculated and categorized using a 2.6 threshold. Similarly, fasting glucose and triglycerides levels were measured and the TyG index was calculated and categorized using an 8.1 threshold. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression models tested the association between the TyG and semen and hormonal characteristics. Participants: complete demographic, clinical, and laboratory data from 726 consecutive white European primary infertile men were considered for this analysis. Main results and the role of chance: the median (IQR) age was 39 (35–43) years. A TyG and HOMA suggestive for IR was found in 339 (46.6%) and 154 (21.2%) men, respectively. During the Spearman’s test, the TyG index was highly correlated with HOMA-IR (rho = 0.46, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Compared to men with a normal TyG, men with TyG > 8.1 were older, had greater BMI and CCI scores, and lower total testosterone and sperm concentration, but higher DFI, and presented a greater proportion of NOA (all <i>p</i> < 0.01). The multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that men with TyG > 8.1 were at higher risk of SDF > 30 (OR 1.92 (CI: 1.2–2.9)) and NOA (OR 1.78 (CI: 1.1–2.8)). Wider implications of the findings: the Tyng index may act as a reliable marker of IR in the clinical work-up of primary infertile men in real-life settings. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:27:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-67b7fe59200d4ecf8857e28ffaacd396 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2218-1989 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:27:31Z |
| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Metabolites |
| spelling | doaj.art-67b7fe59200d4ecf8857e28ffaacd3962023-11-23T21:05:04ZengMDPI AGMetabolites2218-19892022-02-0112214310.3390/metabo12020143Triglycerides/Glucose Index Is Associated with Sperm Parameters and Sperm DNA Fragmentation in Primary Infertile Men: A Cross-Sectional StudyFederico Belladelli0Luca Boeri1Edoardo Pozzi2Giuseppe Fallara3Christian Corsini4Luigi Candela5Walter Cazzaniga6Daniele Cignoli7Luca Pagliardini8Alessia D’Arma9Paolo Capogrosso10Eugenio Ventimiglia11Francesco Montorsi12Andrea Salonia13Division of Experimental Oncology, Unit of Urology, URI, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, ItalyDivision of Experimental Oncology, Unit of Urology, URI, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, ItalyDivision of Experimental Oncology, Unit of Urology, URI, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, ItalyDivision of Experimental Oncology, Unit of Urology, URI, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, ItalyDivision of Experimental Oncology, Unit of Urology, URI, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, ItalyDivision of Experimental Oncology, Unit of Urology, URI, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, ItalyDivision of Experimental Oncology, Unit of Urology, URI, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, ItalyDivision of Experimental Oncology, Unit of Urology, URI, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, ItalyDivision of Genetics and Cell Biology, Reproductive Sciences Laboratory, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, ItalyDivision of Experimental Oncology, Unit of Urology, URI, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, ItalyDepartment of Urology and Andrology, Ospedale di Circolo and Macchi Foundation, 21100 Varese, ItalyDivision of Experimental Oncology, Unit of Urology, URI, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, ItalyDivision of Experimental Oncology, Unit of Urology, URI, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, ItalyDivision of Experimental Oncology, Unit of Urology, URI, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, ItalyStudy question: we aimed to investigate the relationship between the tyg index and both semen and hormonal characteristics in a cohort of primary infertile men. Summary answer: almost one in two primary infertile men presented with a triglycerides/glucose index (tyg) suggestive of insulin resistance (ir). overall, patients with tyg suggestive of ir showed worse clinical, hormonal, and semen parameters. What is already known: male factor infertility (MFI) is often associated with metabolic disorders such as diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome, where insulin resistance (IR) plays a relevant pathological role. Recently, TyG has been suggested as a user-friendly IR marker. Study Design: serum hormones and the sperm DNA fragmentation index (SDF) were measured in every patient. The semen analysis was based on 2010 WHO reference criteria. Glucose and insulin levels were measured for every man after a 12-h overnight fast, and the homeostatic model assessment index (HOMA-IR) was then calculated and categorized using a 2.6 threshold. Similarly, fasting glucose and triglycerides levels were measured and the TyG index was calculated and categorized using an 8.1 threshold. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression models tested the association between the TyG and semen and hormonal characteristics. Participants: complete demographic, clinical, and laboratory data from 726 consecutive white European primary infertile men were considered for this analysis. Main results and the role of chance: the median (IQR) age was 39 (35–43) years. A TyG and HOMA suggestive for IR was found in 339 (46.6%) and 154 (21.2%) men, respectively. During the Spearman’s test, the TyG index was highly correlated with HOMA-IR (rho = 0.46, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Compared to men with a normal TyG, men with TyG > 8.1 were older, had greater BMI and CCI scores, and lower total testosterone and sperm concentration, but higher DFI, and presented a greater proportion of NOA (all <i>p</i> < 0.01). The multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that men with TyG > 8.1 were at higher risk of SDF > 30 (OR 1.92 (CI: 1.2–2.9)) and NOA (OR 1.78 (CI: 1.1–2.8)). Wider implications of the findings: the Tyng index may act as a reliable marker of IR in the clinical work-up of primary infertile men in real-life settings.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/12/2/143infertilitysemen parametersinsulin resistancetriglycerides/glucose indexrisk factors |
| spellingShingle | Federico Belladelli Luca Boeri Edoardo Pozzi Giuseppe Fallara Christian Corsini Luigi Candela Walter Cazzaniga Daniele Cignoli Luca Pagliardini Alessia D’Arma Paolo Capogrosso Eugenio Ventimiglia Francesco Montorsi Andrea Salonia Triglycerides/Glucose Index Is Associated with Sperm Parameters and Sperm DNA Fragmentation in Primary Infertile Men: A Cross-Sectional Study Metabolites infertility semen parameters insulin resistance triglycerides/glucose index risk factors |
| title | Triglycerides/Glucose Index Is Associated with Sperm Parameters and Sperm DNA Fragmentation in Primary Infertile Men: A Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_full | Triglycerides/Glucose Index Is Associated with Sperm Parameters and Sperm DNA Fragmentation in Primary Infertile Men: A Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_fullStr | Triglycerides/Glucose Index Is Associated with Sperm Parameters and Sperm DNA Fragmentation in Primary Infertile Men: A Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Triglycerides/Glucose Index Is Associated with Sperm Parameters and Sperm DNA Fragmentation in Primary Infertile Men: A Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_short | Triglycerides/Glucose Index Is Associated with Sperm Parameters and Sperm DNA Fragmentation in Primary Infertile Men: A Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_sort | triglycerides glucose index is associated with sperm parameters and sperm dna fragmentation in primary infertile men a cross sectional study |
| topic | infertility semen parameters insulin resistance triglycerides/glucose index risk factors |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/12/2/143 |
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