Comparative Analysis of Engineering Carbonation Model Extensions to Account for Pre-Existing Cracks
Cracks in reinforced concrete structures can accelerate the local depassivation of reinforcement due to carbonation. Different approaches have been proposed to account for pre-existing cracks within engineering models to predict the carbonation depth. In this study, we provide a detailed comparative...
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MDPI AG
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Materials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/18/6177 |
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| author | Annika Lidwina Schultheiß Ravi Ajitbhai Patel Michael Vogel Frank Dehn |
| author_facet | Annika Lidwina Schultheiß Ravi Ajitbhai Patel Michael Vogel Frank Dehn |
| author_sort | Annika Lidwina Schultheiß |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cracks in reinforced concrete structures can accelerate the local depassivation of reinforcement due to carbonation. Different approaches have been proposed to account for pre-existing cracks within engineering models to predict the carbonation depth. In this study, we provide a detailed comparative analysis of different extensions available for the <i>fib</i> carbonation model to account for cracks, viz., crack influence factor (CIF) approaches, a diffusion-based model and the crack depth adaption. The model extensions are first validated against a dataset of lab data collected from the literature and additional experiments performed as the part of this study. The CIF approaches achieved the highest accuracy for the carbonation depth prediction when compared against lab data. The diffusion-based model was inaccurate for low <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mi>CO</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula> concentrations. The crack depth adaption provides overly conservative results. No model was found to be best performing, and large scatter was observed between predicted and experimental values. This emphasizes the need for more detailed multi-physics-based models to achieve accurate predictions. For further comparison, service life predictions were conducted for two structural scales, viz., the whole structure and the cracked area. It is concluded that the choice of model extension and the structural scale of analysis have a large influence on predicted probability of failure. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:31:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-67b89908d1024396b8c28ce6b1ac27dc |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:31:05Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-67b89908d1024396b8c28ce6b1ac27dc2023-11-19T11:43:57ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442023-09-011618617710.3390/ma16186177Comparative Analysis of Engineering Carbonation Model Extensions to Account for Pre-Existing CracksAnnika Lidwina Schultheiß0Ravi Ajitbhai Patel1Michael Vogel2Frank Dehn3Institute of Concrete Structures and Building Materials (IMB), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), DE-76131 Karlsruhe, GermanyInstitute of Concrete Structures and Building Materials (IMB), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), DE-76131 Karlsruhe, GermanyInstitute of Concrete Structures and Building Materials (IMB), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), DE-76131 Karlsruhe, GermanyInstitute of Concrete Structures and Building Materials (IMB), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), DE-76131 Karlsruhe, GermanyCracks in reinforced concrete structures can accelerate the local depassivation of reinforcement due to carbonation. Different approaches have been proposed to account for pre-existing cracks within engineering models to predict the carbonation depth. In this study, we provide a detailed comparative analysis of different extensions available for the <i>fib</i> carbonation model to account for cracks, viz., crack influence factor (CIF) approaches, a diffusion-based model and the crack depth adaption. The model extensions are first validated against a dataset of lab data collected from the literature and additional experiments performed as the part of this study. The CIF approaches achieved the highest accuracy for the carbonation depth prediction when compared against lab data. The diffusion-based model was inaccurate for low <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mi>CO</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula> concentrations. The crack depth adaption provides overly conservative results. No model was found to be best performing, and large scatter was observed between predicted and experimental values. This emphasizes the need for more detailed multi-physics-based models to achieve accurate predictions. For further comparison, service life predictions were conducted for two structural scales, viz., the whole structure and the cracked area. It is concluded that the choice of model extension and the structural scale of analysis have a large influence on predicted probability of failure.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/18/6177carbonationcrackconcretecomparisonmodels |
| spellingShingle | Annika Lidwina Schultheiß Ravi Ajitbhai Patel Michael Vogel Frank Dehn Comparative Analysis of Engineering Carbonation Model Extensions to Account for Pre-Existing Cracks Materials carbonation crack concrete comparison models |
| title | Comparative Analysis of Engineering Carbonation Model Extensions to Account for Pre-Existing Cracks |
| title_full | Comparative Analysis of Engineering Carbonation Model Extensions to Account for Pre-Existing Cracks |
| title_fullStr | Comparative Analysis of Engineering Carbonation Model Extensions to Account for Pre-Existing Cracks |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparative Analysis of Engineering Carbonation Model Extensions to Account for Pre-Existing Cracks |
| title_short | Comparative Analysis of Engineering Carbonation Model Extensions to Account for Pre-Existing Cracks |
| title_sort | comparative analysis of engineering carbonation model extensions to account for pre existing cracks |
| topic | carbonation crack concrete comparison models |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/18/6177 |
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