Physiology of Cerebellar Reserve: Redundancy and Plasticity of a Modular Machine
The cerebellum is endowed with the capacity for compensation and restoration after pathological injury, a property known as cerebellar reserve. Such capacity is attributed to two unique morphological and physiological features of the cerebellum. First, mossy fibers that convey peripheral and central...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2021-04-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/9/4777 |
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| author | Hiroshi Mitoma Shinji Kakei Kazuhiko Yamaguchi Mario Manto |
| author_facet | Hiroshi Mitoma Shinji Kakei Kazuhiko Yamaguchi Mario Manto |
| author_sort | Hiroshi Mitoma |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The cerebellum is endowed with the capacity for compensation and restoration after pathological injury, a property known as cerebellar reserve. Such capacity is attributed to two unique morphological and physiological features of the cerebellum. First, mossy fibers that convey peripheral and central information run mediolaterally over a wide area of the cerebellum, resulting in the innervation of multiple microzones, commonly known as cerebellar functional units. Thus, a single microzone receives redundant information that can be used in pathological conditions. Secondly, the circuitry is characterized by a co-operative interplay among various forms of synaptic plasticity. Recent progress in understanding the mechanisms of redundant information and synaptic plasticity has allowed outlining therapeutic strategies potentiating these neural substrates to enhance the cerebellar reserve, taking advantage of the unique physiological properties of the cerebellum which appears as a modular and potentially reconfiguring brain structure. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:47:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-67bb8e1e5d334525b5bbf06214c0aa76 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:47:13Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-67bb8e1e5d334525b5bbf06214c0aa762023-11-21T17:57:11ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672021-04-01229477710.3390/ijms22094777Physiology of Cerebellar Reserve: Redundancy and Plasticity of a Modular MachineHiroshi Mitoma0Shinji Kakei1Kazuhiko Yamaguchi2Mario Manto3Department of Medical Education, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo 160-8402, JapanLaboratory for Movement Disorders, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo 156-8506, JapanDepartment of Ultrastructural Research, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, National Institute of Neuroscience, Tokyo 187-8551, JapanUnité des Ataxies Cérébelleuses, Service de Neurologie, Médiathèque Jean Jacquy, CHU-Charleroi, 6000 Charleroi, BelgiumThe cerebellum is endowed with the capacity for compensation and restoration after pathological injury, a property known as cerebellar reserve. Such capacity is attributed to two unique morphological and physiological features of the cerebellum. First, mossy fibers that convey peripheral and central information run mediolaterally over a wide area of the cerebellum, resulting in the innervation of multiple microzones, commonly known as cerebellar functional units. Thus, a single microzone receives redundant information that can be used in pathological conditions. Secondly, the circuitry is characterized by a co-operative interplay among various forms of synaptic plasticity. Recent progress in understanding the mechanisms of redundant information and synaptic plasticity has allowed outlining therapeutic strategies potentiating these neural substrates to enhance the cerebellar reserve, taking advantage of the unique physiological properties of the cerebellum which appears as a modular and potentially reconfiguring brain structure.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/9/4777cerebellar reservecerebellar ataxiassynaptic plasticitylong-term depression |
| spellingShingle | Hiroshi Mitoma Shinji Kakei Kazuhiko Yamaguchi Mario Manto Physiology of Cerebellar Reserve: Redundancy and Plasticity of a Modular Machine International Journal of Molecular Sciences cerebellar reserve cerebellar ataxias synaptic plasticity long-term depression |
| title | Physiology of Cerebellar Reserve: Redundancy and Plasticity of a Modular Machine |
| title_full | Physiology of Cerebellar Reserve: Redundancy and Plasticity of a Modular Machine |
| title_fullStr | Physiology of Cerebellar Reserve: Redundancy and Plasticity of a Modular Machine |
| title_full_unstemmed | Physiology of Cerebellar Reserve: Redundancy and Plasticity of a Modular Machine |
| title_short | Physiology of Cerebellar Reserve: Redundancy and Plasticity of a Modular Machine |
| title_sort | physiology of cerebellar reserve redundancy and plasticity of a modular machine |
| topic | cerebellar reserve cerebellar ataxias synaptic plasticity long-term depression |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/9/4777 |
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