In-Situ Alloy Formation of a WMoTaNbV Refractory Metal High Entropy Alloy by Laser Powder Bed Fusion (PBF-LB/M)
High entropy or multi principal element alloys are a promising and relatively young concept for designing alloys. The idea of creating alloys without a single main alloying element opens up a wide space for possible new alloy compositions. High entropy alloys based on refractory metals such as W, Mo...
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MDPI AG
2021-06-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/11/3095 |
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| author | Florian Huber Dominic Bartels Michael Schmidt |
| author_facet | Florian Huber Dominic Bartels Michael Schmidt |
| author_sort | Florian Huber |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | High entropy or multi principal element alloys are a promising and relatively young concept for designing alloys. The idea of creating alloys without a single main alloying element opens up a wide space for possible new alloy compositions. High entropy alloys based on refractory metals such as W, Mo, Ta or Nb are of interest for future high temperature applications e.g., in the aerospace or chemical industry. However, producing refractory metal high entropy alloys by conventional metallurgical methods remains challenging. For this reason, the feasibility of laser-based additive manufacturing of the refractory metal high entropy alloy W<sub>20</sub>Mo<sub>20</sub>Ta<sub>20</sub>Nb<sub>20</sub>V<sub>20</sub> by laser powder bed fusion (PBF-LB/M) is investigated in the present work. In-situ alloy formation from mixtures of easily available elemental powders is employed to avoid an expensive atomization of pre-alloyed powder. It is shown that PBF-LB/M of W<sub>20</sub>Mo<sub>20</sub>Ta<sub>20</sub>Nb<sub>20</sub>V<sub>20</sub> is in general possible and that a complete fusion of the powder mixture without a significant number of undissolved particles is achievable by in-situ alloy formation during PBF-LB/M when selecting favorable process parameter combinations. The relative density of the samples with a dimension of 6 × 6 × 6 mm<sup>3</sup> reaches, in dependence of the PBF-LB/M parameter set, 99.8%. Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) measurements confirm the presence of a single bcc-phase. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images show a dendritic and/or cellular microstructure that can, to some extent, be controlled by the PBF-LB/M parameters. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T10:41:58Z |
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| id | doaj.art-67c44e5c06fe444ea660b86476c8dc37 |
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| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T10:41:58Z |
| publishDate | 2021-06-01 |
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| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-67c44e5c06fe444ea660b86476c8dc372023-11-21T22:53:34ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442021-06-011411309510.3390/ma14113095In-Situ Alloy Formation of a WMoTaNbV Refractory Metal High Entropy Alloy by Laser Powder Bed Fusion (PBF-LB/M)Florian Huber0Dominic Bartels1Michael Schmidt2Institute of Photonic Technologies, Faculty of Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Konrad-Zuse-Straße 3/5, 91052 Erlangen, GermanyInstitute of Photonic Technologies, Faculty of Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Konrad-Zuse-Straße 3/5, 91052 Erlangen, GermanyInstitute of Photonic Technologies, Faculty of Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Konrad-Zuse-Straße 3/5, 91052 Erlangen, GermanyHigh entropy or multi principal element alloys are a promising and relatively young concept for designing alloys. The idea of creating alloys without a single main alloying element opens up a wide space for possible new alloy compositions. High entropy alloys based on refractory metals such as W, Mo, Ta or Nb are of interest for future high temperature applications e.g., in the aerospace or chemical industry. However, producing refractory metal high entropy alloys by conventional metallurgical methods remains challenging. For this reason, the feasibility of laser-based additive manufacturing of the refractory metal high entropy alloy W<sub>20</sub>Mo<sub>20</sub>Ta<sub>20</sub>Nb<sub>20</sub>V<sub>20</sub> by laser powder bed fusion (PBF-LB/M) is investigated in the present work. In-situ alloy formation from mixtures of easily available elemental powders is employed to avoid an expensive atomization of pre-alloyed powder. It is shown that PBF-LB/M of W<sub>20</sub>Mo<sub>20</sub>Ta<sub>20</sub>Nb<sub>20</sub>V<sub>20</sub> is in general possible and that a complete fusion of the powder mixture without a significant number of undissolved particles is achievable by in-situ alloy formation during PBF-LB/M when selecting favorable process parameter combinations. The relative density of the samples with a dimension of 6 × 6 × 6 mm<sup>3</sup> reaches, in dependence of the PBF-LB/M parameter set, 99.8%. Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) measurements confirm the presence of a single bcc-phase. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images show a dendritic and/or cellular microstructure that can, to some extent, be controlled by the PBF-LB/M parameters.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/11/3095additive manufacturinglaser powder bed fusionPBF-LB/Mlaser beam melting (LBM)in-situ alloy formationhigh entropy alloys (HEA) |
| spellingShingle | Florian Huber Dominic Bartels Michael Schmidt In-Situ Alloy Formation of a WMoTaNbV Refractory Metal High Entropy Alloy by Laser Powder Bed Fusion (PBF-LB/M) Materials additive manufacturing laser powder bed fusion PBF-LB/M laser beam melting (LBM) in-situ alloy formation high entropy alloys (HEA) |
| title | In-Situ Alloy Formation of a WMoTaNbV Refractory Metal High Entropy Alloy by Laser Powder Bed Fusion (PBF-LB/M) |
| title_full | In-Situ Alloy Formation of a WMoTaNbV Refractory Metal High Entropy Alloy by Laser Powder Bed Fusion (PBF-LB/M) |
| title_fullStr | In-Situ Alloy Formation of a WMoTaNbV Refractory Metal High Entropy Alloy by Laser Powder Bed Fusion (PBF-LB/M) |
| title_full_unstemmed | In-Situ Alloy Formation of a WMoTaNbV Refractory Metal High Entropy Alloy by Laser Powder Bed Fusion (PBF-LB/M) |
| title_short | In-Situ Alloy Formation of a WMoTaNbV Refractory Metal High Entropy Alloy by Laser Powder Bed Fusion (PBF-LB/M) |
| title_sort | in situ alloy formation of a wmotanbv refractory metal high entropy alloy by laser powder bed fusion pbf lb m |
| topic | additive manufacturing laser powder bed fusion PBF-LB/M laser beam melting (LBM) in-situ alloy formation high entropy alloys (HEA) |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/11/3095 |
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