Terahertz Spin‐to‐Charge Current Conversion in Stacks of Ferromagnets and the Transition‐Metal Dichalcogenide NbSe2
Abstract Transition‐metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) are an aspiring class of materials with unique electronic and optical properties and potential applications in spin‐based electronics. Here, terahertz emission spectroscopy is used to study spin‐to‐charge current conversion (S2C) in the TMDC NbSe2 in...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley-VCH
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Advanced Materials Interfaces |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.202201675 |
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| author | Lukáš Nádvorník Oliver Gueckstock Lukas Braun Chengwang Niu Joachim Gräfe Gunther Richter Gisela Schütz Hidenori Takagi Mahmoud Zeer Tom S. Seifert Peter Kubaščík Avanindra K. Pandeya Abdelmadjid Anane Heejun Yang Amilcar Bedoya‐Pinto Stuart S. P. Parkin Martin Wolf Yuriy Mokrousov Hiroyuki Nakamura Tobias Kampfrath |
| author_facet | Lukáš Nádvorník Oliver Gueckstock Lukas Braun Chengwang Niu Joachim Gräfe Gunther Richter Gisela Schütz Hidenori Takagi Mahmoud Zeer Tom S. Seifert Peter Kubaščík Avanindra K. Pandeya Abdelmadjid Anane Heejun Yang Amilcar Bedoya‐Pinto Stuart S. P. Parkin Martin Wolf Yuriy Mokrousov Hiroyuki Nakamura Tobias Kampfrath |
| author_sort | Lukáš Nádvorník |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Transition‐metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) are an aspiring class of materials with unique electronic and optical properties and potential applications in spin‐based electronics. Here, terahertz emission spectroscopy is used to study spin‐to‐charge current conversion (S2C) in the TMDC NbSe2 in ultra‐high‐vacuum‐grown F|NbSe2 thin‐film stacks, where F is a layer of ferromagnetic Fe or Ni. Ultrafast laser excitation triggers an ultrafast spin current that is converted into an in‐plane charge current and, thus, a measurable THz electromagnetic pulse. The THz signal amplitude as a function of the NbSe2 thickness shows that the measured signals are fully consistent with an ultrafast optically driven injection of an in‐plane‐polarized spin current into NbSe2. Modeling of the spin‐current dynamics reveals that a sizable fraction of the total S2C originates from the bulk of NbSe2 with the opposite, negative sign of the spin Hall angle as compared to Pt. By a quantitative comparison of the emitted THz radiation from F|NbSe2 to F|Pt reference samples and the results of ab initio calculations, it is estimated that the spin Hall angle of NbSe2 for an in‐plane polarized spin current lies between ‐0.2% and ‐1.1%, while the THz spin‐current relaxation length is of the order of a few nanometers. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T11:50:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-67c757bfd8594b2190a8d875fd69ead0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2196-7350 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T11:50:35Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | Wiley-VCH |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Advanced Materials Interfaces |
| spelling | doaj.art-67c757bfd8594b2190a8d875fd69ead02023-08-31T08:56:16ZengWiley-VCHAdvanced Materials Interfaces2196-73502022-12-01936n/an/a10.1002/admi.202201675Terahertz Spin‐to‐Charge Current Conversion in Stacks of Ferromagnets and the Transition‐Metal Dichalcogenide NbSe2Lukáš Nádvorník0Oliver Gueckstock1Lukas Braun2Chengwang Niu3Joachim Gräfe4Gunther Richter5Gisela Schütz6Hidenori Takagi7Mahmoud Zeer8Tom S. Seifert9Peter Kubaščík10Avanindra K. Pandeya11Abdelmadjid Anane12Heejun Yang13Amilcar Bedoya‐Pinto14Stuart S. P. Parkin15Martin Wolf16Yuriy Mokrousov17Hiroyuki Nakamura18Tobias Kampfrath19Department of Physics Freie Universität Berlin 14195 Berlin GermanyDepartment of Physics Freie Universität Berlin 14195 Berlin GermanyDepartment of Physical Chemistry Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society 14195 Berlin GermanyPeter Grünberg Institut Forschungszentrum Juelich D‐52425 Juelich GermanyDepartment of Quantum Materials Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research 70569 Stuttgart GermanyDepartment of Quantum Materials Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research 70569 Stuttgart GermanyDepartment of Quantum Materials Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research 70569 Stuttgart GermanyDepartment of Quantum Materials Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research 70569 Stuttgart GermanyPeter Grünberg Institut Forschungszentrum Juelich D‐52425 Juelich GermanyDepartment of Physics Freie Universität Berlin 14195 Berlin GermanyFaculty of Mathematics and Physics Charles University Prague 121 16 Czech RepublicNISE Department Max Planck Institute for Microstructure Physics Saale 06120 Halle GermanyUnité Mixte de Physique CNRS Thales Univ. Paris‐Sud Université Paris‐Saclay Palaiseau 91767 FranceDepartment of Physics Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 KoreaNISE Department Max Planck Institute for Microstructure Physics Saale 06120 Halle GermanyNISE Department Max Planck Institute for Microstructure Physics Saale 06120 Halle GermanyDepartment of Physical Chemistry Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society 14195 Berlin GermanyPeter Grünberg Institut Forschungszentrum Juelich D‐52425 Juelich GermanyDepartment of Quantum Materials Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research 70569 Stuttgart GermanyDepartment of Physics Freie Universität Berlin 14195 Berlin GermanyAbstract Transition‐metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) are an aspiring class of materials with unique electronic and optical properties and potential applications in spin‐based electronics. Here, terahertz emission spectroscopy is used to study spin‐to‐charge current conversion (S2C) in the TMDC NbSe2 in ultra‐high‐vacuum‐grown F|NbSe2 thin‐film stacks, where F is a layer of ferromagnetic Fe or Ni. Ultrafast laser excitation triggers an ultrafast spin current that is converted into an in‐plane charge current and, thus, a measurable THz electromagnetic pulse. The THz signal amplitude as a function of the NbSe2 thickness shows that the measured signals are fully consistent with an ultrafast optically driven injection of an in‐plane‐polarized spin current into NbSe2. Modeling of the spin‐current dynamics reveals that a sizable fraction of the total S2C originates from the bulk of NbSe2 with the opposite, negative sign of the spin Hall angle as compared to Pt. By a quantitative comparison of the emitted THz radiation from F|NbSe2 to F|Pt reference samples and the results of ab initio calculations, it is estimated that the spin Hall angle of NbSe2 for an in‐plane polarized spin current lies between ‐0.2% and ‐1.1%, while the THz spin‐current relaxation length is of the order of a few nanometers.https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.202201675spin Hall anglesspin‐to‐charge‐current conversionterahertz emission spectroscopytransition‐metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs)ultrafast spin current injections |
| spellingShingle | Lukáš Nádvorník Oliver Gueckstock Lukas Braun Chengwang Niu Joachim Gräfe Gunther Richter Gisela Schütz Hidenori Takagi Mahmoud Zeer Tom S. Seifert Peter Kubaščík Avanindra K. Pandeya Abdelmadjid Anane Heejun Yang Amilcar Bedoya‐Pinto Stuart S. P. Parkin Martin Wolf Yuriy Mokrousov Hiroyuki Nakamura Tobias Kampfrath Terahertz Spin‐to‐Charge Current Conversion in Stacks of Ferromagnets and the Transition‐Metal Dichalcogenide NbSe2 Advanced Materials Interfaces spin Hall angles spin‐to‐charge‐current conversion terahertz emission spectroscopy transition‐metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) ultrafast spin current injections |
| title | Terahertz Spin‐to‐Charge Current Conversion in Stacks of Ferromagnets and the Transition‐Metal Dichalcogenide NbSe2 |
| title_full | Terahertz Spin‐to‐Charge Current Conversion in Stacks of Ferromagnets and the Transition‐Metal Dichalcogenide NbSe2 |
| title_fullStr | Terahertz Spin‐to‐Charge Current Conversion in Stacks of Ferromagnets and the Transition‐Metal Dichalcogenide NbSe2 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Terahertz Spin‐to‐Charge Current Conversion in Stacks of Ferromagnets and the Transition‐Metal Dichalcogenide NbSe2 |
| title_short | Terahertz Spin‐to‐Charge Current Conversion in Stacks of Ferromagnets and the Transition‐Metal Dichalcogenide NbSe2 |
| title_sort | terahertz spin to charge current conversion in stacks of ferromagnets and the transition metal dichalcogenide nbse2 |
| topic | spin Hall angles spin‐to‐charge‐current conversion terahertz emission spectroscopy transition‐metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) ultrafast spin current injections |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.202201675 |
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