Child undernutrition in Brazil: the wound that never healed
Objective: To describe the scenario of child undernutrition in Brazil and its determinants. Data source: Narrative review of the literature with inclusion of data from population surveys, surveillance and monitoring systems, and active search in favelas and underserved communities carried out by CRE...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2024-03-01
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| Series: | Jornal de Pediatria |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0021755723001353 |
| _version_ | 1827319202098184192 |
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| author | Maria Paula de Albuquerque Paola Micheloni Elvira Ibelli Ana Lydia Sawaya |
| author_facet | Maria Paula de Albuquerque Paola Micheloni Elvira Ibelli Ana Lydia Sawaya |
| author_sort | Maria Paula de Albuquerque |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objective: To describe the scenario of child undernutrition in Brazil and its determinants. Data source: Narrative review of the literature with inclusion of data from population surveys, surveillance and monitoring systems, and active search in favelas and underserved communities carried out by CREN. Data synthesis: Household surveys carried out from 1974 to 2019 indicate that undernutrition (<5 years) decreased until 2006. Underweight (W/A ≤-2 Z) and stunting (H/A ≤-2 Z) showed a decrease of 17% to 3% and 37% to 7%, respectively. After 2006, there was an increase in underweight of 53% and 76% for wasting (BMI/A ≤-2 Z), with the prevalence of stunting being stagnant at around 7%. Active search data in favelas and underserved communities show that the prevalence of stunting is 11% in those <5 years. In 2021, 30% of the population lived in poverty, 73% of which were black or brown. Stunting in black and brown children <5 years old is, respectively, 9% and 12% higher when compared to white children. Poverty decreased between 2012 and 2015 (27 to 25%), but increased again (2016=26% to 2021=30%), in parallel with food insecurity, which decreased between 2004 and 2013 (12% to 6%), but reached its worst level in the historical series (2022:15%). Conclusion: Despite advances, Brazil's social protection system was not able to reduce inequalities and the reversal of the trend towards decreasing child undernutrition could be observed from 2006 onwards. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-25T00:16:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-67f8fff15b5c4deb81591656d8629ad2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0021-7557 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-25T00:16:40Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Jornal de Pediatria |
| spelling | doaj.art-67f8fff15b5c4deb81591656d8629ad22024-03-13T04:44:47ZengElsevierJornal de Pediatria0021-75572024-03-01100S74S81Child undernutrition in Brazil: the wound that never healedMaria Paula de Albuquerque0Paola Micheloni Elvira Ibelli1Ana Lydia Sawaya2Corresponding author.; Centro de Recuperação e Educação Nutricional, São Paulo, SP, BrazilCentro de Recuperação e Educação Nutricional, São Paulo, SP, BrazilCentro de Recuperação e Educação Nutricional, São Paulo, SP, BrazilObjective: To describe the scenario of child undernutrition in Brazil and its determinants. Data source: Narrative review of the literature with inclusion of data from population surveys, surveillance and monitoring systems, and active search in favelas and underserved communities carried out by CREN. Data synthesis: Household surveys carried out from 1974 to 2019 indicate that undernutrition (<5 years) decreased until 2006. Underweight (W/A ≤-2 Z) and stunting (H/A ≤-2 Z) showed a decrease of 17% to 3% and 37% to 7%, respectively. After 2006, there was an increase in underweight of 53% and 76% for wasting (BMI/A ≤-2 Z), with the prevalence of stunting being stagnant at around 7%. Active search data in favelas and underserved communities show that the prevalence of stunting is 11% in those <5 years. In 2021, 30% of the population lived in poverty, 73% of which were black or brown. Stunting in black and brown children <5 years old is, respectively, 9% and 12% higher when compared to white children. Poverty decreased between 2012 and 2015 (27 to 25%), but increased again (2016=26% to 2021=30%), in parallel with food insecurity, which decreased between 2004 and 2013 (12% to 6%), but reached its worst level in the historical series (2022:15%). Conclusion: Despite advances, Brazil's social protection system was not able to reduce inequalities and the reversal of the trend towards decreasing child undernutrition could be observed from 2006 onwards.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0021755723001353Child undernutritionStuntingWastingUnderweightPovertySocial inequality |
| spellingShingle | Maria Paula de Albuquerque Paola Micheloni Elvira Ibelli Ana Lydia Sawaya Child undernutrition in Brazil: the wound that never healed Jornal de Pediatria Child undernutrition Stunting Wasting Underweight Poverty Social inequality |
| title | Child undernutrition in Brazil: the wound that never healed |
| title_full | Child undernutrition in Brazil: the wound that never healed |
| title_fullStr | Child undernutrition in Brazil: the wound that never healed |
| title_full_unstemmed | Child undernutrition in Brazil: the wound that never healed |
| title_short | Child undernutrition in Brazil: the wound that never healed |
| title_sort | child undernutrition in brazil the wound that never healed |
| topic | Child undernutrition Stunting Wasting Underweight Poverty Social inequality |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0021755723001353 |
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