Numerical Simulation of Wire Rod Cooling in Eutectoid Steel under Forced-Convection
A coupled thermal-microstructural simulation model was developed to estimate the thermal history in a eutectoid steel wire rod under continuous cooling and forced-convection. The model coupled the phenomena of heat transfer, phase transformation and estimation of the cooling boundary condition. The...
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MDPI AG
2021-01-01
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| Series: | Metals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/11/2/224 |
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| author | Monserrat Sofía López-Cornejo Héctor Javier Vergara-Hernández Sixtos Antonio Arreola-Villa Octavio Vázquez-Gómez Martín Herrejón-Escutia |
| author_facet | Monserrat Sofía López-Cornejo Héctor Javier Vergara-Hernández Sixtos Antonio Arreola-Villa Octavio Vázquez-Gómez Martín Herrejón-Escutia |
| author_sort | Monserrat Sofía López-Cornejo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A coupled thermal-microstructural simulation model was developed to estimate the thermal history in a eutectoid steel wire rod under continuous cooling and forced-convection. The model coupled the phenomena of heat transfer, phase transformation and estimation of the cooling boundary condition. The thermal histories were analyzed at different cooling rates to emulate the forced-convection conditions by air-jet as in the controlled cooling conveyor. The thermal histories were acquired and used to calculate the forced-convection heat transfer coefficients through the solution of the Inverse Heat Conduction Problem, while the phase transformation was approximated with the Johnson–Mehl–Avrami–Kolmogorov (JMAK) kinetic model. From the heat transfer coefficients and the kinetic parameters, a user-defined function (UDF) was coded and employed in the ANSYS Fluent<sup>®</sup> software. The model results were compared and validated with the experimental histories, obtaining a good agreement between both responses, while the microstructural evolution of the pearlite was validated using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Vickers microhardness. It was found that specimen diameter and air velocity are the main variables to modify the undercooling and therefore the pearlite interlamellar spacing. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T03:26:26Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-682dab4741f44d89bd70b474c7724e5a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4701 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T03:26:26Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Metals |
| spelling | doaj.art-682dab4741f44d89bd70b474c7724e5a2023-12-03T15:01:27ZengMDPI AGMetals2075-47012021-01-0111222410.3390/met11020224Numerical Simulation of Wire Rod Cooling in Eutectoid Steel under Forced-ConvectionMonserrat Sofía López-Cornejo0Héctor Javier Vergara-Hernández1Sixtos Antonio Arreola-Villa2Octavio Vázquez-Gómez3Martín Herrejón-Escutia4Tecnológico Nacional de México/I.T.Morelia, Av. Tecnológico 1500, Col. Lomas de Santiaguito, Morelia 58120, MexicoTecnológico Nacional de México/I.T.Morelia, Av. Tecnológico 1500, Col. Lomas de Santiaguito, Morelia 58120, MexicoFacultad de Ingeniería Mecánica y Eléctrica, Barranquilla S/N Col. Guadalupe, Monclova 25280, MexicoTecnológico Nacional de México/I.T.Morelia, Av. Tecnológico 1500, Col. Lomas de Santiaguito, Morelia 58120, MexicoFacultad de Ingeniería Mecánica, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Av. Francisco J. Múgica S/N, Morelia 58030, MexicoA coupled thermal-microstructural simulation model was developed to estimate the thermal history in a eutectoid steel wire rod under continuous cooling and forced-convection. The model coupled the phenomena of heat transfer, phase transformation and estimation of the cooling boundary condition. The thermal histories were analyzed at different cooling rates to emulate the forced-convection conditions by air-jet as in the controlled cooling conveyor. The thermal histories were acquired and used to calculate the forced-convection heat transfer coefficients through the solution of the Inverse Heat Conduction Problem, while the phase transformation was approximated with the Johnson–Mehl–Avrami–Kolmogorov (JMAK) kinetic model. From the heat transfer coefficients and the kinetic parameters, a user-defined function (UDF) was coded and employed in the ANSYS Fluent<sup>®</sup> software. The model results were compared and validated with the experimental histories, obtaining a good agreement between both responses, while the microstructural evolution of the pearlite was validated using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Vickers microhardness. It was found that specimen diameter and air velocity are the main variables to modify the undercooling and therefore the pearlite interlamellar spacing.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/11/2/224numerical simulationeutectoid steelpearliteforced convectionphase transformation |
| spellingShingle | Monserrat Sofía López-Cornejo Héctor Javier Vergara-Hernández Sixtos Antonio Arreola-Villa Octavio Vázquez-Gómez Martín Herrejón-Escutia Numerical Simulation of Wire Rod Cooling in Eutectoid Steel under Forced-Convection Metals numerical simulation eutectoid steel pearlite forced convection phase transformation |
| title | Numerical Simulation of Wire Rod Cooling in Eutectoid Steel under Forced-Convection |
| title_full | Numerical Simulation of Wire Rod Cooling in Eutectoid Steel under Forced-Convection |
| title_fullStr | Numerical Simulation of Wire Rod Cooling in Eutectoid Steel under Forced-Convection |
| title_full_unstemmed | Numerical Simulation of Wire Rod Cooling in Eutectoid Steel under Forced-Convection |
| title_short | Numerical Simulation of Wire Rod Cooling in Eutectoid Steel under Forced-Convection |
| title_sort | numerical simulation of wire rod cooling in eutectoid steel under forced convection |
| topic | numerical simulation eutectoid steel pearlite forced convection phase transformation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/11/2/224 |
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