Avascular necrosis predictive factors after closed reduction in patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip
Background: Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is a common pediatric orthopedic condition. Closed reduction (CR) is the conservative treatment approach with high success rates for DDH. However, avascular necrosis (AVN) is a severe potential complication after this procedure. This study retrosp...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2023-01-01
|
| Series: | Journal of Research in Medical Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.jmsjournal.net/article.asp?issn=1735-1995;year=2023;volume=28;issue=1;spage=81;epage=81;aulast=Kheiri |
| _version_ | 1827300266129489920 |
|---|---|
| author | Sara Kheiri Mohammad Ali Tahririan Soheil Shahnaser Mohammadreza Piri Ardakani |
| author_facet | Sara Kheiri Mohammad Ali Tahririan Soheil Shahnaser Mohammadreza Piri Ardakani |
| author_sort | Sara Kheiri |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is a common pediatric orthopedic condition. Closed reduction (CR) is the conservative treatment approach with high success rates for DDH. However, avascular necrosis (AVN) is a severe potential complication after this procedure. This study retrospectively assessed the potential risk factors for AVN occurrence after CR and Spica cast immobilization. Materials and Methods: In a retrospective observational study, 71 patients (89 hips) with DDH aged 6–24 months old undergoing CR were enrolled. All patients were followed up for 3 years, and their demographic data, initial Tönnis grade, pre-reduction procedures, abduction angle in the Spica cast, and the AVN presence (based on Bucholz and Ogden classification [3rd–4th class]) were documented. Results: Of 71 patients (89 hips) with a mean age of 12.5 ± 3.9 months, 13 patients (18 hips) developed AVN. The mean age of patients in the AVN and non-AVN groups was 14.3 ± 4.9 and 12.2 ± 3 months (P = 0.07); also, the mean abduction angle in patients with and without AVN was 51.86 ± 3.66 and 58.46 ± 3.91 (P < 0.001) in univariate analysis. The distribution of initial Tönnis grade, and previous conservative procedures, adductor tenotomies during the CR were comparable between the two groups (P > 0.05). We found age 12 months and 54° in abduction angle as the best cutoff values for differentiating AVN patients from non-AVN and the risk of experiencing AVN for patients older than 12 months was odds ratio (OR) =4.22 (P = 0.06) and patients with abduction angle greater than 54 was OR = 34.88 (P < 0.001). Conclusion: In this study, older age at the time of intervention and larger abduction angle in the hip Spica cast were two predictors of experiencing AVN in DDH patients after undergoing CR treatment approach. Performing CR at a younger age and keeping the abduction angle lower than 54° in the hip Spica cast could help to have the best possible prognosis. Level of Evidence: IV, retrospective, observational, cross-sectional study. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T15:49:12Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-68378736114042ca9f689650c3e9cdb5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1735-1995 1735-7136 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T15:49:12Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Research in Medical Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-68378736114042ca9f689650c3e9cdb52024-04-01T12:54:09ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsJournal of Research in Medical Sciences1735-19951735-71362023-01-01281818110.4103/jrms.jrms_288_23Avascular necrosis predictive factors after closed reduction in patients with developmental dysplasia of the hipSara KheiriMohammad Ali TahririanSoheil ShahnaserMohammadreza Piri ArdakaniBackground: Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is a common pediatric orthopedic condition. Closed reduction (CR) is the conservative treatment approach with high success rates for DDH. However, avascular necrosis (AVN) is a severe potential complication after this procedure. This study retrospectively assessed the potential risk factors for AVN occurrence after CR and Spica cast immobilization. Materials and Methods: In a retrospective observational study, 71 patients (89 hips) with DDH aged 6–24 months old undergoing CR were enrolled. All patients were followed up for 3 years, and their demographic data, initial Tönnis grade, pre-reduction procedures, abduction angle in the Spica cast, and the AVN presence (based on Bucholz and Ogden classification [3rd–4th class]) were documented. Results: Of 71 patients (89 hips) with a mean age of 12.5 ± 3.9 months, 13 patients (18 hips) developed AVN. The mean age of patients in the AVN and non-AVN groups was 14.3 ± 4.9 and 12.2 ± 3 months (P = 0.07); also, the mean abduction angle in patients with and without AVN was 51.86 ± 3.66 and 58.46 ± 3.91 (P < 0.001) in univariate analysis. The distribution of initial Tönnis grade, and previous conservative procedures, adductor tenotomies during the CR were comparable between the two groups (P > 0.05). We found age 12 months and 54° in abduction angle as the best cutoff values for differentiating AVN patients from non-AVN and the risk of experiencing AVN for patients older than 12 months was odds ratio (OR) =4.22 (P = 0.06) and patients with abduction angle greater than 54 was OR = 34.88 (P < 0.001). Conclusion: In this study, older age at the time of intervention and larger abduction angle in the hip Spica cast were two predictors of experiencing AVN in DDH patients after undergoing CR treatment approach. Performing CR at a younger age and keeping the abduction angle lower than 54° in the hip Spica cast could help to have the best possible prognosis. Level of Evidence: IV, retrospective, observational, cross-sectional study.http://www.jmsjournal.net/article.asp?issn=1735-1995;year=2023;volume=28;issue=1;spage=81;epage=81;aulast=Kheiriclosed reductioncongenital hip dislocationdevelopmental dysplasia of the hipfemur head necrosiship |
| spellingShingle | Sara Kheiri Mohammad Ali Tahririan Soheil Shahnaser Mohammadreza Piri Ardakani Avascular necrosis predictive factors after closed reduction in patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip Journal of Research in Medical Sciences closed reduction congenital hip dislocation developmental dysplasia of the hip femur head necrosis hip |
| title | Avascular necrosis predictive factors after closed reduction in patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip |
| title_full | Avascular necrosis predictive factors after closed reduction in patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip |
| title_fullStr | Avascular necrosis predictive factors after closed reduction in patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip |
| title_full_unstemmed | Avascular necrosis predictive factors after closed reduction in patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip |
| title_short | Avascular necrosis predictive factors after closed reduction in patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip |
| title_sort | avascular necrosis predictive factors after closed reduction in patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip |
| topic | closed reduction congenital hip dislocation developmental dysplasia of the hip femur head necrosis hip |
| url | http://www.jmsjournal.net/article.asp?issn=1735-1995;year=2023;volume=28;issue=1;spage=81;epage=81;aulast=Kheiri |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT sarakheiri avascularnecrosispredictivefactorsafterclosedreductioninpatientswithdevelopmentaldysplasiaofthehip AT mohammadalitahririan avascularnecrosispredictivefactorsafterclosedreductioninpatientswithdevelopmentaldysplasiaofthehip AT soheilshahnaser avascularnecrosispredictivefactorsafterclosedreductioninpatientswithdevelopmentaldysplasiaofthehip AT mohammadrezapiriardakani avascularnecrosispredictivefactorsafterclosedreductioninpatientswithdevelopmentaldysplasiaofthehip |