Reanalysis of and attribution to near-surface ozone concentrations in Sweden during 1990–2013
We have constructed two data sets of hourly resolution reanalyzed near-surface ozone (O<sub>3</sub>) concentrations for the period 1990–2013 for Sweden. Long-term simulations from a chemistry-transport model (CTM) covering Europe were combined with hourly ozone concentration observati...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Copernicus Publications
2017-11-01
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| Series: | Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| Online Access: | https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/17/13869/2017/acp-17-13869-2017.pdf |
| _version_ | 1818543046530170880 |
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| author | C. Andersson H. Alpfjord L. Robertson P. E. Karlsson M. Engardt |
| author_facet | C. Andersson H. Alpfjord L. Robertson P. E. Karlsson M. Engardt |
| author_sort | C. Andersson |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We have constructed two data sets of hourly resolution reanalyzed
near-surface ozone (O<sub>3</sub>) concentrations for the period 1990–2013 for
Sweden. Long-term simulations from a chemistry-transport model (CTM) covering
Europe were combined with hourly ozone concentration observations at Swedish
and Norwegian background measurement sites using retrospective variational
data analysis. The reanalysis data sets show improved performance over the
original CTM when compared to independent observations.
<br><br>
In one of the reanalyses, we included all available hourly near-surface
O<sub>3</sub> observations, whilst in the other we carefully selected
time-consistent observations. Based on the second reanalysis we investigated
statistical aspects of the distribution of the near-surface O<sub>3</sub> concentrations, focusing on the linear trend over the 24-year period. We show
that high near-surface O<sub>3</sub> concentrations are decreasing and low O<sub>3</sub>
concentrations are increasing, which is reflected in observed improvement of
many health and vegetation indices (apart from those with a low threshold).
<br><br>
Using the CTM we also conducted sensitivity simulations to quantify the
causes of the observed change, focusing on three factors: change in
hemispheric background concentrations, meteorology and anthropogenic
emissions. The rising low concentrations of near-surface O<sub>3</sub> in Sweden
are caused by a combination of all three factors, whilst the decrease in the
highest O<sub>3</sub> concentrations is caused by European O<sub>3</sub> precursor
emissions reductions.
<br><br>
While studying the impact of anthropogenic emissions changes, we identified
systematic differences in the modeled trend compared to observations that
must be caused by incorrect trends in the utilized emissions inventory or by
too high sensitivity of our model to emissions changes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T22:30:10Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-683c1f2486ef4c53aadfad2294c045bc |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1680-7316 1680-7324 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T22:30:10Z |
| publishDate | 2017-11-01 |
| publisher | Copernicus Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| spelling | doaj.art-683c1f2486ef4c53aadfad2294c045bc2022-12-22T00:48:09ZengCopernicus PublicationsAtmospheric Chemistry and Physics1680-73161680-73242017-11-0117138691389010.5194/acp-17-13869-2017Reanalysis of and attribution to near-surface ozone concentrations in Sweden during 1990–2013C. Andersson0H. Alpfjord1L. Robertson2P. E. Karlsson3M. Engardt4Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute, 60176 Norrköping, SwedenSwedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute, 60176 Norrköping, SwedenSwedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute, 60176 Norrköping, SwedenSwedish Environmental Research Institute, P.O. Box 53021, 40014 Gothenburg, SwedenSwedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute, 60176 Norrköping, SwedenWe have constructed two data sets of hourly resolution reanalyzed near-surface ozone (O<sub>3</sub>) concentrations for the period 1990–2013 for Sweden. Long-term simulations from a chemistry-transport model (CTM) covering Europe were combined with hourly ozone concentration observations at Swedish and Norwegian background measurement sites using retrospective variational data analysis. The reanalysis data sets show improved performance over the original CTM when compared to independent observations. <br><br> In one of the reanalyses, we included all available hourly near-surface O<sub>3</sub> observations, whilst in the other we carefully selected time-consistent observations. Based on the second reanalysis we investigated statistical aspects of the distribution of the near-surface O<sub>3</sub> concentrations, focusing on the linear trend over the 24-year period. We show that high near-surface O<sub>3</sub> concentrations are decreasing and low O<sub>3</sub> concentrations are increasing, which is reflected in observed improvement of many health and vegetation indices (apart from those with a low threshold). <br><br> Using the CTM we also conducted sensitivity simulations to quantify the causes of the observed change, focusing on three factors: change in hemispheric background concentrations, meteorology and anthropogenic emissions. The rising low concentrations of near-surface O<sub>3</sub> in Sweden are caused by a combination of all three factors, whilst the decrease in the highest O<sub>3</sub> concentrations is caused by European O<sub>3</sub> precursor emissions reductions. <br><br> While studying the impact of anthropogenic emissions changes, we identified systematic differences in the modeled trend compared to observations that must be caused by incorrect trends in the utilized emissions inventory or by too high sensitivity of our model to emissions changes.https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/17/13869/2017/acp-17-13869-2017.pdf |
| spellingShingle | C. Andersson H. Alpfjord L. Robertson P. E. Karlsson M. Engardt Reanalysis of and attribution to near-surface ozone concentrations in Sweden during 1990–2013 Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| title | Reanalysis of and attribution to near-surface ozone concentrations in Sweden during 1990–2013 |
| title_full | Reanalysis of and attribution to near-surface ozone concentrations in Sweden during 1990–2013 |
| title_fullStr | Reanalysis of and attribution to near-surface ozone concentrations in Sweden during 1990–2013 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Reanalysis of and attribution to near-surface ozone concentrations in Sweden during 1990–2013 |
| title_short | Reanalysis of and attribution to near-surface ozone concentrations in Sweden during 1990–2013 |
| title_sort | reanalysis of and attribution to near surface ozone concentrations in sweden during 1990 2013 |
| url | https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/17/13869/2017/acp-17-13869-2017.pdf |
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