Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Defined by Fatty Liver Index and Incidence of Heart Failure in the Korean Population: A Nationwide Cohort Study
Fatty liver index (FLI) is a simple and useful index that evaluates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), particularly in large epidemiologic studies. Heart failure (HF) is becoming a burden to public health as the global trend toward an aging society continues. Thus, we investigated the effect...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-03-01
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| Series: | Diagnostics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/12/3/663 |
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| author | Byoungduck Han Gyu Bae Lee Sun Young Yim Kyung-Hwan Cho Koh Eun Shin Jung-Hwan Kim Yong-Gyu Park Kyung-Do Han Yang-Hyun Kim |
| author_facet | Byoungduck Han Gyu Bae Lee Sun Young Yim Kyung-Hwan Cho Koh Eun Shin Jung-Hwan Kim Yong-Gyu Park Kyung-Do Han Yang-Hyun Kim |
| author_sort | Byoungduck Han |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Fatty liver index (FLI) is a simple and useful index that evaluates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), particularly in large epidemiologic studies. Heart failure (HF) is becoming a burden to public health as the global trend toward an aging society continues. Thus, we investigated the effect of FLI on the incidence of HF using large cohort data from the Korean National Health Insurance health database. <b>Methods and Results</b>: A total of 7,958,538 subjects aged over 19 years without baseline HF (men = 4,142,264 and women = 3,816,274) were included. Anthropometric and biochemical measurements were evaluated. FLI scores were calculated and FLI ≥ 60 was considered as having NAFLD. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for HF incidence were analysed using multivariable time-dependent Cox proportional hazard models. During a mean follow up of 8.26 years, 17,104 participants developed HF. The FLI components associated with the incidence of HF and FLI showed a causal relationship with HF; the FLI ≥ 60 group had a higher HR for HF (HR 1.493; 95% CIs 1.41–1.581) than the FLI < 30 group. Subgroup analysis showed that fatty liver (FLI ≥ 60) with age ≥ 65 years or women displayed higher HR for HF than fatty liver with age < 65 or men, respectively. An increase in FLI score significantly increased the HR for HF except for those with a FLI score change from <30 to 30–60. <b>Conclusion:</b> NAFLD defined by FLI and increase in FLI score were associated with the incidence of HF. Further detailed prospective studies are needed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:56:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-68681e3cd71c4ab59d1de416aab9bf8c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4418 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:56:57Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Diagnostics |
| spelling | doaj.art-68681e3cd71c4ab59d1de416aab9bf8c2023-11-24T00:55:22ZengMDPI AGDiagnostics2075-44182022-03-0112366310.3390/diagnostics12030663Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Defined by Fatty Liver Index and Incidence of Heart Failure in the Korean Population: A Nationwide Cohort StudyByoungduck Han0Gyu Bae Lee1Sun Young Yim2Kyung-Hwan Cho3Koh Eun Shin4Jung-Hwan Kim5Yong-Gyu Park6Kyung-Do Han7Yang-Hyun Kim8Department of Family Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, KoreaDepartment of Family Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, KoreaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, KoreaDepartment of Family Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, KoreaInternational Healthcare Center, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul 02841, KoreaDepartment of Family Medicine, Eulji Hospital in Uijeongbu, Eulji University School of Medicine, Uijeongbu 11749, KoreaDepartment of Medical Statistics, Catholic University College of Medicine, Seoul 06591, KoreaDepartment of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul 06978, KoreaDepartment of Family Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, KoreaFatty liver index (FLI) is a simple and useful index that evaluates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), particularly in large epidemiologic studies. Heart failure (HF) is becoming a burden to public health as the global trend toward an aging society continues. Thus, we investigated the effect of FLI on the incidence of HF using large cohort data from the Korean National Health Insurance health database. <b>Methods and Results</b>: A total of 7,958,538 subjects aged over 19 years without baseline HF (men = 4,142,264 and women = 3,816,274) were included. Anthropometric and biochemical measurements were evaluated. FLI scores were calculated and FLI ≥ 60 was considered as having NAFLD. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for HF incidence were analysed using multivariable time-dependent Cox proportional hazard models. During a mean follow up of 8.26 years, 17,104 participants developed HF. The FLI components associated with the incidence of HF and FLI showed a causal relationship with HF; the FLI ≥ 60 group had a higher HR for HF (HR 1.493; 95% CIs 1.41–1.581) than the FLI < 30 group. Subgroup analysis showed that fatty liver (FLI ≥ 60) with age ≥ 65 years or women displayed higher HR for HF than fatty liver with age < 65 or men, respectively. An increase in FLI score significantly increased the HR for HF except for those with a FLI score change from <30 to 30–60. <b>Conclusion:</b> NAFLD defined by FLI and increase in FLI score were associated with the incidence of HF. Further detailed prospective studies are needed.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/12/3/663heart failurenon-alcoholic fatty liver diseasefatty liver indexwaist circumferenceobesity |
| spellingShingle | Byoungduck Han Gyu Bae Lee Sun Young Yim Kyung-Hwan Cho Koh Eun Shin Jung-Hwan Kim Yong-Gyu Park Kyung-Do Han Yang-Hyun Kim Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Defined by Fatty Liver Index and Incidence of Heart Failure in the Korean Population: A Nationwide Cohort Study Diagnostics heart failure non-alcoholic fatty liver disease fatty liver index waist circumference obesity |
| title | Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Defined by Fatty Liver Index and Incidence of Heart Failure in the Korean Population: A Nationwide Cohort Study |
| title_full | Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Defined by Fatty Liver Index and Incidence of Heart Failure in the Korean Population: A Nationwide Cohort Study |
| title_fullStr | Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Defined by Fatty Liver Index and Incidence of Heart Failure in the Korean Population: A Nationwide Cohort Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Defined by Fatty Liver Index and Incidence of Heart Failure in the Korean Population: A Nationwide Cohort Study |
| title_short | Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Defined by Fatty Liver Index and Incidence of Heart Failure in the Korean Population: A Nationwide Cohort Study |
| title_sort | non alcoholic fatty liver disease defined by fatty liver index and incidence of heart failure in the korean population a nationwide cohort study |
| topic | heart failure non-alcoholic fatty liver disease fatty liver index waist circumference obesity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/12/3/663 |
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