Reciprocal Interactions between Circadian Clocks, Food Intake, and Energy Metabolism
Like other biological functions, food intake and energy metabolism display daily rhythms controlled by the circadian timing system that comprises a main circadian clock and numerous secondary clocks in the brain and peripheral tissues. Each secondary circadian clock delivers local temporal cues base...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Biology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/12/4/539 |
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| author | Emma Grosjean Valérie Simonneaux Etienne Challet |
| author_facet | Emma Grosjean Valérie Simonneaux Etienne Challet |
| author_sort | Emma Grosjean |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Like other biological functions, food intake and energy metabolism display daily rhythms controlled by the circadian timing system that comprises a main circadian clock and numerous secondary clocks in the brain and peripheral tissues. Each secondary circadian clock delivers local temporal cues based on intracellular transcriptional and translational feedback loops that are tightly interconnected to intracellular nutrient-sensing pathways. Genetic impairment of molecular clocks and alteration in the rhythmic synchronizing cues, such as ambient light at night or mistimed meals, lead to circadian disruption that, in turn, negatively impacts metabolic health. Not all circadian clocks are sensitive to the same synchronizing signals. The master clock in the suprachiasmatic nuclei of the hypothalamus is mostly synchronized by ambient light and, to a lesser extent, by behavioral cues coupled to arousal and exercise. Secondary clocks are generally phase-shifted by timed metabolic cues associated with feeding, exercise, and changes in temperature. Furthermore, both the master and secondary clocks are modulated by calorie restriction and high-fat feeding. Taking into account the regularity of daily meals, the duration of eating periods, chronotype, and sex, chrononutritional strategies may be useful for improving the robustness of daily rhythmicity and maintaining or even restoring the appropriate energy balance. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:14:00Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-68729b942e80410581c5b91f97eb1fde |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-7737 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:14:00Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biology |
| spelling | doaj.art-68729b942e80410581c5b91f97eb1fde2023-11-17T18:23:40ZengMDPI AGBiology2079-77372023-03-0112453910.3390/biology12040539Reciprocal Interactions between Circadian Clocks, Food Intake, and Energy MetabolismEmma Grosjean0Valérie Simonneaux1Etienne Challet2Institute of Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences, CNRS UPR3212, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, FranceInstitute of Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences, CNRS UPR3212, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, FranceInstitute of Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences, CNRS UPR3212, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, FranceLike other biological functions, food intake and energy metabolism display daily rhythms controlled by the circadian timing system that comprises a main circadian clock and numerous secondary clocks in the brain and peripheral tissues. Each secondary circadian clock delivers local temporal cues based on intracellular transcriptional and translational feedback loops that are tightly interconnected to intracellular nutrient-sensing pathways. Genetic impairment of molecular clocks and alteration in the rhythmic synchronizing cues, such as ambient light at night or mistimed meals, lead to circadian disruption that, in turn, negatively impacts metabolic health. Not all circadian clocks are sensitive to the same synchronizing signals. The master clock in the suprachiasmatic nuclei of the hypothalamus is mostly synchronized by ambient light and, to a lesser extent, by behavioral cues coupled to arousal and exercise. Secondary clocks are generally phase-shifted by timed metabolic cues associated with feeding, exercise, and changes in temperature. Furthermore, both the master and secondary clocks are modulated by calorie restriction and high-fat feeding. Taking into account the regularity of daily meals, the duration of eating periods, chronotype, and sex, chrononutritional strategies may be useful for improving the robustness of daily rhythmicity and maintaining or even restoring the appropriate energy balance.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/12/4/539circadian rhythmclock genelightfeeding timecalorie restrictionhigh-fat diet |
| spellingShingle | Emma Grosjean Valérie Simonneaux Etienne Challet Reciprocal Interactions between Circadian Clocks, Food Intake, and Energy Metabolism Biology circadian rhythm clock gene light feeding time calorie restriction high-fat diet |
| title | Reciprocal Interactions between Circadian Clocks, Food Intake, and Energy Metabolism |
| title_full | Reciprocal Interactions between Circadian Clocks, Food Intake, and Energy Metabolism |
| title_fullStr | Reciprocal Interactions between Circadian Clocks, Food Intake, and Energy Metabolism |
| title_full_unstemmed | Reciprocal Interactions between Circadian Clocks, Food Intake, and Energy Metabolism |
| title_short | Reciprocal Interactions between Circadian Clocks, Food Intake, and Energy Metabolism |
| title_sort | reciprocal interactions between circadian clocks food intake and energy metabolism |
| topic | circadian rhythm clock gene light feeding time calorie restriction high-fat diet |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/12/4/539 |
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