Correlating Morphology and Multifractal Spatial Patterns of the Leaf Surface Architecture of <i>Anacardium occidentale</i> L.
Plant leaf surfaces can contain interesting, reproducible spatial patterns that can be used for several industrial purposes. In this paper, the main goal was to analyze the surface microtexture of Amazon <i>Anacardium occidentale</i> L. using multifractal theory. AFM images were used to...
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MDPI AG
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Fractal and Fractional |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2504-3110/6/6/320 |
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| author | Glenda Quaresma Ramos Robert Saraiva Matos Abhijeet Das Sanjeev Kumar Ştefan Ţălu Henrique Duarte da Fonseca Filho |
| author_facet | Glenda Quaresma Ramos Robert Saraiva Matos Abhijeet Das Sanjeev Kumar Ştefan Ţălu Henrique Duarte da Fonseca Filho |
| author_sort | Glenda Quaresma Ramos |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Plant leaf surfaces can contain interesting, reproducible spatial patterns that can be used for several industrial purposes. In this paper, the main goal was to analyze the surface microtexture of Amazon <i>Anacardium occidentale</i> L. using multifractal theory. AFM images were used to evaluate the multifractal spatial surface patterns of the adaxial and abaxial sides of the leaf. The 3D maps revealed that the abaxial side is dominated by stomach cells, while striated structures were observed on the adaxial side. The surface of the abaxial side is rougher than the adaxial side. The autocorrelation function calculations showed that the abaxial side has an isotropic surface compared to the adaxial side. Despite this, Minkowski functionals demonstrated that the morphological spatial patterns have robust statistical similarity. Both sides exhibit multifractal behavior, which was verified by the trend observed in the mass exponent and generalized dimension. However, the adaxial side exhibits stronger multifractality and increased vertical complexity compared to the abaxial side. Our findings show that the multifractal spatial patterns of the leaf surface depend on the rough dynamics of the topographic profile. The identification of the multifractal patterns of the structures present on the surface of plant leaves is useful for the fabrication of leaf-architecture-based materials. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:46:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6886fd55e6bb413c93d4e8cf921174dd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2504-3110 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:46:45Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Fractal and Fractional |
| spelling | doaj.art-6886fd55e6bb413c93d4e8cf921174dd2023-11-23T16:42:44ZengMDPI AGFractal and Fractional2504-31102022-06-016632010.3390/fractalfract6060320Correlating Morphology and Multifractal Spatial Patterns of the Leaf Surface Architecture of <i>Anacardium occidentale</i> L.Glenda Quaresma Ramos0Robert Saraiva Matos1Abhijeet Das2Sanjeev Kumar3Ştefan Ţălu4Henrique Duarte da Fonseca Filho5Morphology Department, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Amazonas-UFAM, Manaus 69077-000, BrazilPhysics Department, Amazonian Materials Group, Federal University of Amapá-UNIFAP, Macapá 68903-419, BrazilCentre for Advance Research, Department of Physics, Rajiv Gandhi University, Rono Hills 791112, IndiaCentre for Advance Research, Department of Physics, Rajiv Gandhi University, Rono Hills 791112, IndiaThe Directorate of Research, Development and Innovation Management (DMCDI), Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, Constantin Daicoviciu St., No. 15, 400020 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaPhysics Department, Laboratory of Synthesis of Nanomaterials and Nanoscopy, Federal University of Amazonas-UFAM, Manaus 69077-000, BrazilPlant leaf surfaces can contain interesting, reproducible spatial patterns that can be used for several industrial purposes. In this paper, the main goal was to analyze the surface microtexture of Amazon <i>Anacardium occidentale</i> L. using multifractal theory. AFM images were used to evaluate the multifractal spatial surface patterns of the adaxial and abaxial sides of the leaf. The 3D maps revealed that the abaxial side is dominated by stomach cells, while striated structures were observed on the adaxial side. The surface of the abaxial side is rougher than the adaxial side. The autocorrelation function calculations showed that the abaxial side has an isotropic surface compared to the adaxial side. Despite this, Minkowski functionals demonstrated that the morphological spatial patterns have robust statistical similarity. Both sides exhibit multifractal behavior, which was verified by the trend observed in the mass exponent and generalized dimension. However, the adaxial side exhibits stronger multifractality and increased vertical complexity compared to the abaxial side. Our findings show that the multifractal spatial patterns of the leaf surface depend on the rough dynamics of the topographic profile. The identification of the multifractal patterns of the structures present on the surface of plant leaves is useful for the fabrication of leaf-architecture-based materials.https://www.mdpi.com/2504-3110/6/6/320<i>Anacardium occidentale</i>AFMMinkowski functionalsmultifractalityroughness |
| spellingShingle | Glenda Quaresma Ramos Robert Saraiva Matos Abhijeet Das Sanjeev Kumar Ştefan Ţălu Henrique Duarte da Fonseca Filho Correlating Morphology and Multifractal Spatial Patterns of the Leaf Surface Architecture of <i>Anacardium occidentale</i> L. Fractal and Fractional <i>Anacardium occidentale</i> AFM Minkowski functionals multifractality roughness |
| title | Correlating Morphology and Multifractal Spatial Patterns of the Leaf Surface Architecture of <i>Anacardium occidentale</i> L. |
| title_full | Correlating Morphology and Multifractal Spatial Patterns of the Leaf Surface Architecture of <i>Anacardium occidentale</i> L. |
| title_fullStr | Correlating Morphology and Multifractal Spatial Patterns of the Leaf Surface Architecture of <i>Anacardium occidentale</i> L. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Correlating Morphology and Multifractal Spatial Patterns of the Leaf Surface Architecture of <i>Anacardium occidentale</i> L. |
| title_short | Correlating Morphology and Multifractal Spatial Patterns of the Leaf Surface Architecture of <i>Anacardium occidentale</i> L. |
| title_sort | correlating morphology and multifractal spatial patterns of the leaf surface architecture of i anacardium occidentale i l |
| topic | <i>Anacardium occidentale</i> AFM Minkowski functionals multifractality roughness |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2504-3110/6/6/320 |
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