Reassessment of historical sections from the Paleogene marine margin of the Congo Basin reveals an almost complete absence of Danian deposits
The early Paleogene is critical for understanding global biodiversity patterns in modern ecosystems. During this interval, Southern Hemisphere continents were largely characterized by isolation and faunal endemism following the breakup of Gondwana. Africa has been proposed as an important source are...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2019-05-01
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| Series: | Geoscience Frontiers |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674987118301464 |
| _version_ | 1797709878579429376 |
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| author | Floréal Solé Corentin Noiret Delphine Desmares Sylvain Adnet Louis Taverne Thierry De Putter Florias Mees Johan Yans Thomas Steeman Stephen Louwye Annelise Folie Nancy J. Stevens Gregg F. Gunnell Daniel Baudet Nicole Kitambala Yaya Thierry Smith |
| author_facet | Floréal Solé Corentin Noiret Delphine Desmares Sylvain Adnet Louis Taverne Thierry De Putter Florias Mees Johan Yans Thomas Steeman Stephen Louwye Annelise Folie Nancy J. Stevens Gregg F. Gunnell Daniel Baudet Nicole Kitambala Yaya Thierry Smith |
| author_sort | Floréal Solé |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The early Paleogene is critical for understanding global biodiversity patterns in modern ecosystems. During this interval, Southern Hemisphere continents were largely characterized by isolation and faunal endemism following the breakup of Gondwana. Africa has been proposed as an important source area for the origin of several marine vertebrate groups but its Paleogene record is poorly sampled, especially from sub-Saharan Africa. To document the early Paleogene marine ecosystems of Central Africa, we revised the stratigraphic context of sedimentary deposits from three fossil-rich vertebrate localities: the Landana section in the Cabinda exclave (Angola), and the Manzadi and Bololo localities in western Democratic Republic of Congo. We provide more refined age constraints for these three localities based on invertebrate and vertebrate faunas, foraminiferal and dinoflagellate cyst assemblages, and carbon isotope records. We find an almost complete absence of Danian-aged rocks in the Landana section, contrary to prevailing interpretations over the last half a century (only the layer 1, at the base of the section, seems to be Danian). Refining the age of these Paleocene layers is crucial for analyzing fish evolution in a global framework, with implications for the early appearance of Scombridae (tunas and mackerels) and Tetraodontiformes (puffer fishes). The combination of vertebrate fossil records from Manzadi and Landana sections suggests important environmental changes around the K/Pg transition characterized by an important modification of the ichthyofauna. A small faunal shift may have occurred during the Selandian. More dramatic is the distinct decrease in overall richness that lasts from the Selandian to the Ypresian. The Lutetian of West Central Africa is characterized by the first appearance of numerous cartilaginous and bony fishes. Our analysis of the ichthyofauna moreover indicates two periods of faunal exchanges: one during the Paleocene, where Central Africa appears to have been a source for the European marine fauna, and another during the Eocene when Europe was the source of the Central Africa fauna. These data indicate that Central Africa has had connections with the Tethyian realm. Keywords: Central Africa, Paleogene, Stratigraphy, Carbon isotope, Planktonic foraminifera, Vertebrates |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T06:44:12Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6888823cc5a141279d3f917d8b69df40 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1674-9871 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T06:44:12Z |
| publishDate | 2019-05-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Geoscience Frontiers |
| spelling | doaj.art-6888823cc5a141279d3f917d8b69df402023-09-03T00:43:21ZengElsevierGeoscience Frontiers1674-98712019-05-0110310391063Reassessment of historical sections from the Paleogene marine margin of the Congo Basin reveals an almost complete absence of Danian depositsFloréal Solé0Corentin Noiret1Delphine Desmares2Sylvain Adnet3Louis Taverne4Thierry De Putter5Florias Mees6Johan Yans7Thomas Steeman8Stephen Louwye9Annelise Folie10Nancy J. Stevens11Gregg F. Gunnell12Daniel Baudet13Nicole Kitambala Yaya14Thierry Smith15Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), Operational Directorate Earth and History of Life, Rue Vautier 29, 1000, Brussels, Belgium; Corresponding author.University of Namur (UNamur), Department of Geology, Rue de Bruxelles 61, 5000, Namur, BelgiumSorbonne Université, UPMC Paris 06, UMR 7207 (CR2P), MNHN-UPMC – CNRS, 75005, Paris, FranceUMR 5554 – Institut des Sciences de l’Evolution, Université Montpellier, Place E. Bataillon, 34095, Montpellier Cedex 5, FranceRoyal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), Operational Directorate Earth and History of Life, Rue Vautier 29, 1000, Brussels, BelgiumRoyal Museum for Central Africa (RMCA), Geodynamics and Mineral Resources, Leuvensesteenweg 13, 3080, Tervuren, BelgiumRoyal Museum for Central Africa (RMCA), Geodynamics and Mineral Resources, Leuvensesteenweg 13, 3080, Tervuren, BelgiumUniversity of Namur (UNamur), Department of Geology, Rue de Bruxelles 61, 5000, Namur, BelgiumGhent University (UGent), Department of Geology, Krijgslaan 281/S8, 9000, Ghent, BelgiumGhent University (UGent), Department of Geology, Krijgslaan 281/S8, 9000, Ghent, BelgiumRoyal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), Heritage Scientific Survey, Rue Vautier 29, 1000, Brussels, BelgiumOhio University, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Irvine Hall 228, Athens, OH, USADuke University Lemur Center, Division of Fossil Primates (DFP), 1013 Broad Street, Durham, NC 27705, USARoyal Museum for Central Africa (RMCA), Geodynamics and Mineral Resources, Leuvensesteenweg 13, 3080, Tervuren, BelgiumCentre de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (CRGM), 44, av. de la Démocratie, Kinshasa, Gombe, BP 898, République démocratique du CongoRoyal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), Operational Directorate Earth and History of Life, Rue Vautier 29, 1000, Brussels, BelgiumThe early Paleogene is critical for understanding global biodiversity patterns in modern ecosystems. During this interval, Southern Hemisphere continents were largely characterized by isolation and faunal endemism following the breakup of Gondwana. Africa has been proposed as an important source area for the origin of several marine vertebrate groups but its Paleogene record is poorly sampled, especially from sub-Saharan Africa. To document the early Paleogene marine ecosystems of Central Africa, we revised the stratigraphic context of sedimentary deposits from three fossil-rich vertebrate localities: the Landana section in the Cabinda exclave (Angola), and the Manzadi and Bololo localities in western Democratic Republic of Congo. We provide more refined age constraints for these three localities based on invertebrate and vertebrate faunas, foraminiferal and dinoflagellate cyst assemblages, and carbon isotope records. We find an almost complete absence of Danian-aged rocks in the Landana section, contrary to prevailing interpretations over the last half a century (only the layer 1, at the base of the section, seems to be Danian). Refining the age of these Paleocene layers is crucial for analyzing fish evolution in a global framework, with implications for the early appearance of Scombridae (tunas and mackerels) and Tetraodontiformes (puffer fishes). The combination of vertebrate fossil records from Manzadi and Landana sections suggests important environmental changes around the K/Pg transition characterized by an important modification of the ichthyofauna. A small faunal shift may have occurred during the Selandian. More dramatic is the distinct decrease in overall richness that lasts from the Selandian to the Ypresian. The Lutetian of West Central Africa is characterized by the first appearance of numerous cartilaginous and bony fishes. Our analysis of the ichthyofauna moreover indicates two periods of faunal exchanges: one during the Paleocene, where Central Africa appears to have been a source for the European marine fauna, and another during the Eocene when Europe was the source of the Central Africa fauna. These data indicate that Central Africa has had connections with the Tethyian realm. Keywords: Central Africa, Paleogene, Stratigraphy, Carbon isotope, Planktonic foraminifera, Vertebrateshttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674987118301464 |
| spellingShingle | Floréal Solé Corentin Noiret Delphine Desmares Sylvain Adnet Louis Taverne Thierry De Putter Florias Mees Johan Yans Thomas Steeman Stephen Louwye Annelise Folie Nancy J. Stevens Gregg F. Gunnell Daniel Baudet Nicole Kitambala Yaya Thierry Smith Reassessment of historical sections from the Paleogene marine margin of the Congo Basin reveals an almost complete absence of Danian deposits Geoscience Frontiers |
| title | Reassessment of historical sections from the Paleogene marine margin of the Congo Basin reveals an almost complete absence of Danian deposits |
| title_full | Reassessment of historical sections from the Paleogene marine margin of the Congo Basin reveals an almost complete absence of Danian deposits |
| title_fullStr | Reassessment of historical sections from the Paleogene marine margin of the Congo Basin reveals an almost complete absence of Danian deposits |
| title_full_unstemmed | Reassessment of historical sections from the Paleogene marine margin of the Congo Basin reveals an almost complete absence of Danian deposits |
| title_short | Reassessment of historical sections from the Paleogene marine margin of the Congo Basin reveals an almost complete absence of Danian deposits |
| title_sort | reassessment of historical sections from the paleogene marine margin of the congo basin reveals an almost complete absence of danian deposits |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674987118301464 |
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