Protein translation: biological processes and therapeutic strategies for human diseases
Abstract Protein translation is a tightly regulated cellular process that is essential for gene expression and protein synthesis. The deregulation of this process is increasingly recognized as a critical factor in the pathogenesis of various human diseases. In this review, we discuss how deregulated...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Publishing Group
2024-02-01
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| Series: | Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41392-024-01749-9 |
| _version_ | 1797273103053619200 |
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| author | Xuechao Jia Xinyu He Chuntian Huang Jian Li Zigang Dong Kangdong Liu |
| author_facet | Xuechao Jia Xinyu He Chuntian Huang Jian Li Zigang Dong Kangdong Liu |
| author_sort | Xuechao Jia |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Protein translation is a tightly regulated cellular process that is essential for gene expression and protein synthesis. The deregulation of this process is increasingly recognized as a critical factor in the pathogenesis of various human diseases. In this review, we discuss how deregulated translation can lead to aberrant protein synthesis, altered cellular functions, and disease progression. We explore the key mechanisms contributing to the deregulation of protein translation, including functional alterations in translation factors, tRNA, mRNA, and ribosome function. Deregulated translation leads to abnormal protein expression, disrupted cellular signaling, and perturbed cellular functions- all of which contribute to disease pathogenesis. The development of ribosome profiling techniques along with mass spectrometry-based proteomics, mRNA sequencing and single-cell approaches have opened new avenues for detecting diseases related to translation errors. Importantly, we highlight recent advances in therapies targeting translation-related disorders and their potential applications in neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, infectious diseases, and cardiovascular diseases. Moreover, the growing interest lies in targeted therapies aimed at restoring precise control over translation in diseased cells is discussed. In conclusion, this comprehensive review underscores the critical role of protein translation in disease and its potential as a therapeutic target. Advancements in understanding the molecular mechanisms of protein translation deregulation, coupled with the development of targeted therapies, offer promising avenues for improving disease outcomes in various human diseases. Additionally, it will unlock doors to the possibility of precision medicine by offering personalized therapies and a deeper understanding of the molecular underpinnings of diseases in the future. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T14:38:47Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-688ce14ee90e4e4a90acba7df4d5f0d3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2059-3635 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T14:38:47Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | Nature Publishing Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy |
| spelling | doaj.art-688ce14ee90e4e4a90acba7df4d5f0d32024-03-05T20:29:29ZengNature Publishing GroupSignal Transduction and Targeted Therapy2059-36352024-02-019111710.1038/s41392-024-01749-9Protein translation: biological processes and therapeutic strategies for human diseasesXuechao Jia0Xinyu He1Chuntian Huang2Jian Li3Zigang Dong4Kangdong Liu5Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou UniversityDepartment of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou UniversityDepartment of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Henan University of Chinese MedicineChina-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer InstituteDepartment of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou UniversityDepartment of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou UniversityAbstract Protein translation is a tightly regulated cellular process that is essential for gene expression and protein synthesis. The deregulation of this process is increasingly recognized as a critical factor in the pathogenesis of various human diseases. In this review, we discuss how deregulated translation can lead to aberrant protein synthesis, altered cellular functions, and disease progression. We explore the key mechanisms contributing to the deregulation of protein translation, including functional alterations in translation factors, tRNA, mRNA, and ribosome function. Deregulated translation leads to abnormal protein expression, disrupted cellular signaling, and perturbed cellular functions- all of which contribute to disease pathogenesis. The development of ribosome profiling techniques along with mass spectrometry-based proteomics, mRNA sequencing and single-cell approaches have opened new avenues for detecting diseases related to translation errors. Importantly, we highlight recent advances in therapies targeting translation-related disorders and their potential applications in neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, infectious diseases, and cardiovascular diseases. Moreover, the growing interest lies in targeted therapies aimed at restoring precise control over translation in diseased cells is discussed. In conclusion, this comprehensive review underscores the critical role of protein translation in disease and its potential as a therapeutic target. Advancements in understanding the molecular mechanisms of protein translation deregulation, coupled with the development of targeted therapies, offer promising avenues for improving disease outcomes in various human diseases. Additionally, it will unlock doors to the possibility of precision medicine by offering personalized therapies and a deeper understanding of the molecular underpinnings of diseases in the future.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41392-024-01749-9 |
| spellingShingle | Xuechao Jia Xinyu He Chuntian Huang Jian Li Zigang Dong Kangdong Liu Protein translation: biological processes and therapeutic strategies for human diseases Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy |
| title | Protein translation: biological processes and therapeutic strategies for human diseases |
| title_full | Protein translation: biological processes and therapeutic strategies for human diseases |
| title_fullStr | Protein translation: biological processes and therapeutic strategies for human diseases |
| title_full_unstemmed | Protein translation: biological processes and therapeutic strategies for human diseases |
| title_short | Protein translation: biological processes and therapeutic strategies for human diseases |
| title_sort | protein translation biological processes and therapeutic strategies for human diseases |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41392-024-01749-9 |
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