A Novel Cross-Layer Routing Protocol Based on Network Coding for Underwater Sensor Networks
Underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs) have attracted increasing attention in recent years because of their numerous applications in ocean monitoring, resource discovery and tactical surveillance. However, the design of reliable and efficient transmission and routing protocols is a challenge du...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2017-08-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/17/8/1821 |
| _version_ | 1811184398354087936 |
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| author | Hao Wang Shilian Wang Renfei Bu Eryang Zhang |
| author_facet | Hao Wang Shilian Wang Renfei Bu Eryang Zhang |
| author_sort | Hao Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs) have attracted increasing attention in recent years because of their numerous applications in ocean monitoring, resource discovery and tactical surveillance. However, the design of reliable and efficient transmission and routing protocols is a challenge due to the low acoustic propagation speed and complex channel environment in UWSNs. In this paper, we propose a novel cross-layer routing protocol based on network coding (NCRP) for UWSNs, which utilizes network coding and cross-layer design to greedily forward data packets to sink nodes efficiently. The proposed NCRP takes full advantages of multicast transmission and decode packets jointly with encoded packets received from multiple potential nodes in the entire network. The transmission power is optimized in our design to extend the life cycle of the network. Moreover, we design a real-time routing maintenance protocol to update the route when detecting inefficient relay nodes. Substantial simulations in underwater environment by Network Simulator 3 (NS-3) show that NCRP significantly improves the network performance in terms of energy consumption, end-to-end delay and packet delivery ratio compared with other routing protocols for UWSNs. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T13:11:37Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-689072ecc65744f79dab61487ac9d2cf |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T13:11:37Z |
| publishDate | 2017-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-689072ecc65744f79dab61487ac9d2cf2022-12-22T04:22:34ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202017-08-01178182110.3390/s17081821s17081821A Novel Cross-Layer Routing Protocol Based on Network Coding for Underwater Sensor NetworksHao Wang0Shilian Wang1Renfei Bu2Eryang Zhang3College of Electronic Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410000, ChinaCollege of Electronic Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410000, ChinaCollege of Electronic Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410000, ChinaCollege of Electronic Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410000, ChinaUnderwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs) have attracted increasing attention in recent years because of their numerous applications in ocean monitoring, resource discovery and tactical surveillance. However, the design of reliable and efficient transmission and routing protocols is a challenge due to the low acoustic propagation speed and complex channel environment in UWSNs. In this paper, we propose a novel cross-layer routing protocol based on network coding (NCRP) for UWSNs, which utilizes network coding and cross-layer design to greedily forward data packets to sink nodes efficiently. The proposed NCRP takes full advantages of multicast transmission and decode packets jointly with encoded packets received from multiple potential nodes in the entire network. The transmission power is optimized in our design to extend the life cycle of the network. Moreover, we design a real-time routing maintenance protocol to update the route when detecting inefficient relay nodes. Substantial simulations in underwater environment by Network Simulator 3 (NS-3) show that NCRP significantly improves the network performance in terms of energy consumption, end-to-end delay and packet delivery ratio compared with other routing protocols for UWSNs.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/17/8/1821underwater sensor networksnetwork codingrouting protocolcross-layer design |
| spellingShingle | Hao Wang Shilian Wang Renfei Bu Eryang Zhang A Novel Cross-Layer Routing Protocol Based on Network Coding for Underwater Sensor Networks Sensors underwater sensor networks network coding routing protocol cross-layer design |
| title | A Novel Cross-Layer Routing Protocol Based on Network Coding for Underwater Sensor Networks |
| title_full | A Novel Cross-Layer Routing Protocol Based on Network Coding for Underwater Sensor Networks |
| title_fullStr | A Novel Cross-Layer Routing Protocol Based on Network Coding for Underwater Sensor Networks |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Novel Cross-Layer Routing Protocol Based on Network Coding for Underwater Sensor Networks |
| title_short | A Novel Cross-Layer Routing Protocol Based on Network Coding for Underwater Sensor Networks |
| title_sort | novel cross layer routing protocol based on network coding for underwater sensor networks |
| topic | underwater sensor networks network coding routing protocol cross-layer design |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/17/8/1821 |
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