Impact of Urbanization on Urban Heat Island Intensity in Major Districts of Bangladesh Using Remote Sensing and Geo-Spatial Tools
Urbanization is closely associated with land use land cover (LULC) changes that correspond to land surface temperature (LST) variation and urban heat island (UHI) intensity. Major districts of Bangladesh have a large population base and commonly lack the resources to manage fast urbanization effects...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Climate |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2225-1154/10/1/3 |
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| author | Md. Naimur Rahman Md. Rakib Hasan Rony Farhana Akter Jannat Subodh Chandra Pal Md. Saiful Islam Edris Alam Abu Reza Md. Towfiqul Islam |
| author_facet | Md. Naimur Rahman Md. Rakib Hasan Rony Farhana Akter Jannat Subodh Chandra Pal Md. Saiful Islam Edris Alam Abu Reza Md. Towfiqul Islam |
| author_sort | Md. Naimur Rahman |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Urbanization is closely associated with land use land cover (LULC) changes that correspond to land surface temperature (LST) variation and urban heat island (UHI) intensity. Major districts of Bangladesh have a large population base and commonly lack the resources to manage fast urbanization effects, so any rise in urban temperature influences the population both directly and indirectly. However, little is known about the impact of rapid urbanization on UHI intensity variations during the winter dry period in the major districts of Bangladesh. To this end, we aim to quantify spatiotemporal associations of UHI intensity during the winter period between 2000 and 2019 using remote-sensing and geo-spatial tools. Landsat-8 and Landsat-5 imageries of these major districts during the dry winter period from 2000 to 2020 were used for this purpose, with overall precision varying from 81% to 93%. The results of LULC classification and LST estimation showed the existence of multiple UHIs in all major districts, which showed upward trends, except for the Rajshahi and Rangpur districts. A substantial increase in urban expansion was observed in Barisal > 32%, Mymensingh > 18%, Dhaka > 17%, Chattogram > 14%, and Rangpur > 13%, while a significant decrease in built-up areas was noticed in Sylhet < −1.45% and Rajshahi < −3.72%. We found that large districts have greater UHIs than small districts. High UHI intensities were observed in Mymensingh > 10 °C, Chattogram > 9 °C, and Barisal > 8 °C compared to other districts due to dense population and unplanned urbanization. We identified higher LST (hotspots) zones in all districts to be increased with the urban expansion and bare land. The suburbanized strategy should prioritize the restraint of the high intensity of UHIs. A heterogeneous increase in UHI intensity over all seven districts was found, which might have potential implications for regional climate change. Our study findings will enable policymakers to reduce UHI and the climate change effect in the concerned districts. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:41:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-68929f8a4b9049238041854eda32eb92 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2225-1154 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:41:20Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
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| series | Climate |
| spelling | doaj.art-68929f8a4b9049238041854eda32eb922023-11-23T13:22:50ZengMDPI AGClimate2225-11542022-01-01101310.3390/cli10010003Impact of Urbanization on Urban Heat Island Intensity in Major Districts of Bangladesh Using Remote Sensing and Geo-Spatial ToolsMd. Naimur Rahman0Md. Rakib Hasan Rony1Farhana Akter Jannat2Subodh Chandra Pal3Md. Saiful Islam4Edris Alam5Abu Reza Md. Towfiqul Islam6Department of Geography and Environmental Science, Begum Rokeya University, Rangpur 5400, BangladeshDepartment of Geography and Environmental Science, Begum Rokeya University, Rangpur 5400, BangladeshDepartment of Geography and Environmental Science, Begum Rokeya University, Rangpur 5400, BangladeshDepartment of Geography, The University of Burdwan, Bardhaman 713104, IndiaDepartment of Soil Science, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali 8602, BangladeshFaculty of Resilience, Rabdan Academy, Abu Dhabi 22401, United Arab EmiratesDepartment of Disaster Management, Begum Rokeya University, Rangpur 5400, BangladeshUrbanization is closely associated with land use land cover (LULC) changes that correspond to land surface temperature (LST) variation and urban heat island (UHI) intensity. Major districts of Bangladesh have a large population base and commonly lack the resources to manage fast urbanization effects, so any rise in urban temperature influences the population both directly and indirectly. However, little is known about the impact of rapid urbanization on UHI intensity variations during the winter dry period in the major districts of Bangladesh. To this end, we aim to quantify spatiotemporal associations of UHI intensity during the winter period between 2000 and 2019 using remote-sensing and geo-spatial tools. Landsat-8 and Landsat-5 imageries of these major districts during the dry winter period from 2000 to 2020 were used for this purpose, with overall precision varying from 81% to 93%. The results of LULC classification and LST estimation showed the existence of multiple UHIs in all major districts, which showed upward trends, except for the Rajshahi and Rangpur districts. A substantial increase in urban expansion was observed in Barisal > 32%, Mymensingh > 18%, Dhaka > 17%, Chattogram > 14%, and Rangpur > 13%, while a significant decrease in built-up areas was noticed in Sylhet < −1.45% and Rajshahi < −3.72%. We found that large districts have greater UHIs than small districts. High UHI intensities were observed in Mymensingh > 10 °C, Chattogram > 9 °C, and Barisal > 8 °C compared to other districts due to dense population and unplanned urbanization. We identified higher LST (hotspots) zones in all districts to be increased with the urban expansion and bare land. The suburbanized strategy should prioritize the restraint of the high intensity of UHIs. A heterogeneous increase in UHI intensity over all seven districts was found, which might have potential implications for regional climate change. Our study findings will enable policymakers to reduce UHI and the climate change effect in the concerned districts.https://www.mdpi.com/2225-1154/10/1/3LULCLSTUHIBangladeshclimateurbanization |
| spellingShingle | Md. Naimur Rahman Md. Rakib Hasan Rony Farhana Akter Jannat Subodh Chandra Pal Md. Saiful Islam Edris Alam Abu Reza Md. Towfiqul Islam Impact of Urbanization on Urban Heat Island Intensity in Major Districts of Bangladesh Using Remote Sensing and Geo-Spatial Tools Climate LULC LST UHI Bangladesh climate urbanization |
| title | Impact of Urbanization on Urban Heat Island Intensity in Major Districts of Bangladesh Using Remote Sensing and Geo-Spatial Tools |
| title_full | Impact of Urbanization on Urban Heat Island Intensity in Major Districts of Bangladesh Using Remote Sensing and Geo-Spatial Tools |
| title_fullStr | Impact of Urbanization on Urban Heat Island Intensity in Major Districts of Bangladesh Using Remote Sensing and Geo-Spatial Tools |
| title_full_unstemmed | Impact of Urbanization on Urban Heat Island Intensity in Major Districts of Bangladesh Using Remote Sensing and Geo-Spatial Tools |
| title_short | Impact of Urbanization on Urban Heat Island Intensity in Major Districts of Bangladesh Using Remote Sensing and Geo-Spatial Tools |
| title_sort | impact of urbanization on urban heat island intensity in major districts of bangladesh using remote sensing and geo spatial tools |
| topic | LULC LST UHI Bangladesh climate urbanization |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2225-1154/10/1/3 |
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