Enhancing Microstructural and Mechanical Properties of Ferrous Medium-Entropy Alloy through Cu Addition and Post-Weld Heat Treatment in Gas Tungsten Arc Welding
This study investigates the impact of a high-entropy alloy filler metal coated with copper (Cu) and post-weld heat treatment (PWHT) on the weldability of a ferrous medium-entropy alloy (MEA) in gas tungsten arc welding. The addition of 1-at% Cu had an insignificant effect on the microstructural beha...
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2023-12-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/17/1/181 |
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| author | Seonghoon Yoo Yoona Lee Myeonghawn Choi Hyunbin Nam Sangyong Nam Namhyun Kang |
| author_facet | Seonghoon Yoo Yoona Lee Myeonghawn Choi Hyunbin Nam Sangyong Nam Namhyun Kang |
| author_sort | Seonghoon Yoo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study investigates the impact of a high-entropy alloy filler metal coated with copper (Cu) and post-weld heat treatment (PWHT) on the weldability of a ferrous medium-entropy alloy (MEA) in gas tungsten arc welding. The addition of 1-at% Cu had an insignificant effect on the microstructural behaviour, despite a positive mixing enthalpy with other elements. It was observed that a small amount of Cu was insufficient to induce phase separation into the Cu-rich phase and refine the microstructure of the as-welded specimen. However, with an increase in the PWHT temperature, the tensile strength remained mostly consistent, while the elongation significantly increased (elongation of as welded, PWHT700, PWHT800, and PWHT 900 were 19, 43, 55 and 68%, respectively). Notably, the PWHT temperature of 900 °C yielded the most desirable results by shifting the fracture location from the coarse-grained heat-affected zone (CGHAZ) to base metal (BM). This was due to significant recrystallisation and homogenised hardness of the cold-rolled BM during PWHT. However, the CGHAZ with coarse grains induced by the welding heat input remained invariant during the PWHT. This study proposes a viable PHWT temperature (900 °C) for enhancing the weldability of cold-rolled ferrous MEA without additional process. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T15:02:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-68a3057a98b64bb6ad157e1b9d9703d7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T15:02:24Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-68a3057a98b64bb6ad157e1b9d9703d72024-01-10T15:02:53ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442023-12-0117118110.3390/ma17010181Enhancing Microstructural and Mechanical Properties of Ferrous Medium-Entropy Alloy through Cu Addition and Post-Weld Heat Treatment in Gas Tungsten Arc WeldingSeonghoon Yoo0Yoona Lee1Myeonghawn Choi2Hyunbin Nam3Sangyong Nam4Namhyun Kang5Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Joining Technology, Korea Institute of Materials Science, Changwon 51508, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Materials Engineering and Convergence Technology, Green Energy Convergence Research Institute, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of KoreaThis study investigates the impact of a high-entropy alloy filler metal coated with copper (Cu) and post-weld heat treatment (PWHT) on the weldability of a ferrous medium-entropy alloy (MEA) in gas tungsten arc welding. The addition of 1-at% Cu had an insignificant effect on the microstructural behaviour, despite a positive mixing enthalpy with other elements. It was observed that a small amount of Cu was insufficient to induce phase separation into the Cu-rich phase and refine the microstructure of the as-welded specimen. However, with an increase in the PWHT temperature, the tensile strength remained mostly consistent, while the elongation significantly increased (elongation of as welded, PWHT700, PWHT800, and PWHT 900 were 19, 43, 55 and 68%, respectively). Notably, the PWHT temperature of 900 °C yielded the most desirable results by shifting the fracture location from the coarse-grained heat-affected zone (CGHAZ) to base metal (BM). This was due to significant recrystallisation and homogenised hardness of the cold-rolled BM during PWHT. However, the CGHAZ with coarse grains induced by the welding heat input remained invariant during the PWHT. This study proposes a viable PHWT temperature (900 °C) for enhancing the weldability of cold-rolled ferrous MEA without additional process.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/17/1/181high-entropy alloymetals and alloysdesign of materialsgas tungsten arc weldingpost-weld heat treatmentrecrystallisation |
| spellingShingle | Seonghoon Yoo Yoona Lee Myeonghawn Choi Hyunbin Nam Sangyong Nam Namhyun Kang Enhancing Microstructural and Mechanical Properties of Ferrous Medium-Entropy Alloy through Cu Addition and Post-Weld Heat Treatment in Gas Tungsten Arc Welding Materials high-entropy alloy metals and alloys design of materials gas tungsten arc welding post-weld heat treatment recrystallisation |
| title | Enhancing Microstructural and Mechanical Properties of Ferrous Medium-Entropy Alloy through Cu Addition and Post-Weld Heat Treatment in Gas Tungsten Arc Welding |
| title_full | Enhancing Microstructural and Mechanical Properties of Ferrous Medium-Entropy Alloy through Cu Addition and Post-Weld Heat Treatment in Gas Tungsten Arc Welding |
| title_fullStr | Enhancing Microstructural and Mechanical Properties of Ferrous Medium-Entropy Alloy through Cu Addition and Post-Weld Heat Treatment in Gas Tungsten Arc Welding |
| title_full_unstemmed | Enhancing Microstructural and Mechanical Properties of Ferrous Medium-Entropy Alloy through Cu Addition and Post-Weld Heat Treatment in Gas Tungsten Arc Welding |
| title_short | Enhancing Microstructural and Mechanical Properties of Ferrous Medium-Entropy Alloy through Cu Addition and Post-Weld Heat Treatment in Gas Tungsten Arc Welding |
| title_sort | enhancing microstructural and mechanical properties of ferrous medium entropy alloy through cu addition and post weld heat treatment in gas tungsten arc welding |
| topic | high-entropy alloy metals and alloys design of materials gas tungsten arc welding post-weld heat treatment recrystallisation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/17/1/181 |
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