Sea salt in aerosols over the southern Baltic. Part 2. The neutralizing properties of sea salt and ammonia
In 2001-2007 aerosols were measured in the coastal zone (11 campaigns) and over the open waters of the Gdańsk Basin (southern Baltic) (5 campaigns). The marine aerosols contained nitrogen and sulphur compounds, which increased their acidity. This situation intensified during the cool months of the y...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2013-05-01
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| Series: | Oceanologia |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.iopan.gda.pl/oceanologia/55_2.html#A2 |
| _version_ | 1818237318716194816 |
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| author | Anita Urszula Lewandowska Lucyna Mirosława Falkowska |
| author_facet | Anita Urszula Lewandowska Lucyna Mirosława Falkowska |
| author_sort | Anita Urszula Lewandowska |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In 2001-2007 aerosols were measured in the coastal zone (11 campaigns) and over the open waters of the Gdańsk Basin (southern Baltic) (5 campaigns). The marine aerosols contained nitrogen and sulphur compounds, which increased their acidity. This situation intensified during the cool months of the year, when fossil fuel emissions were higher, proportionate to energy and heat requirements. Irrespective of the season, these acidic aerosols were neutralized in the reaction with sea salt. The likelihood of sodium nitrate being formed increased at air humidities > 80% and nitrate concentrations > 30 nmol m<sup>-3</sup>. Sodium sulphate was present in aerosols mostly in autumn and winter, with northerly advection, and at the highest wind speeds. The excess of free ammonia resulted in the formation of ammonium sulphate and ammonium nitrate in aerosols over the southern Baltic. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T12:23:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-68bc5d664c4941a7ad5c53ad8d549543 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0078-3234 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T12:23:51Z |
| publishDate | 2013-05-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Oceanologia |
| spelling | doaj.art-68bc5d664c4941a7ad5c53ad8d5495432022-12-22T00:24:35ZengElsevierOceanologia0078-32342013-05-0155229931810.5697/oc.55-2.299 Sea salt in aerosols over the southern Baltic. Part 2. The neutralizing properties of sea salt and ammoniaAnita Urszula LewandowskaLucyna Mirosława FalkowskaIn 2001-2007 aerosols were measured in the coastal zone (11 campaigns) and over the open waters of the Gdańsk Basin (southern Baltic) (5 campaigns). The marine aerosols contained nitrogen and sulphur compounds, which increased their acidity. This situation intensified during the cool months of the year, when fossil fuel emissions were higher, proportionate to energy and heat requirements. Irrespective of the season, these acidic aerosols were neutralized in the reaction with sea salt. The likelihood of sodium nitrate being formed increased at air humidities > 80% and nitrate concentrations > 30 nmol m<sup>-3</sup>. Sodium sulphate was present in aerosols mostly in autumn and winter, with northerly advection, and at the highest wind speeds. The excess of free ammonia resulted in the formation of ammonium sulphate and ammonium nitrate in aerosols over the southern Baltic.http://www.iopan.gda.pl/oceanologia/55_2.html#A2Sea saltAcid aerosolsNeutralizationCoastal zone |
| spellingShingle | Anita Urszula Lewandowska Lucyna Mirosława Falkowska Sea salt in aerosols over the southern Baltic. Part 2. The neutralizing properties of sea salt and ammonia Oceanologia Sea salt Acid aerosols Neutralization Coastal zone |
| title | Sea salt in aerosols over the southern Baltic. Part 2. The neutralizing properties of sea salt and ammonia |
| title_full | Sea salt in aerosols over the southern Baltic. Part 2. The neutralizing properties of sea salt and ammonia |
| title_fullStr | Sea salt in aerosols over the southern Baltic. Part 2. The neutralizing properties of sea salt and ammonia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sea salt in aerosols over the southern Baltic. Part 2. The neutralizing properties of sea salt and ammonia |
| title_short | Sea salt in aerosols over the southern Baltic. Part 2. The neutralizing properties of sea salt and ammonia |
| title_sort | sea salt in aerosols over the southern baltic part 2 the neutralizing properties of sea salt and ammonia |
| topic | Sea salt Acid aerosols Neutralization Coastal zone |
| url | http://www.iopan.gda.pl/oceanologia/55_2.html#A2 |
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