High Methane Emission From Palm Stems and Nitrous Oxide Emission From the Soil in a Peruvian Amazon Peat Swamp Forest
Tree stems in tropical peat swamp forests are known as considerable methane (CH4) emitters; however, little is known about their carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrous oxide (N2O) exchange. Differences between species, especially the role of palm stems in the exchange of greenhouse gasses, have remained l...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-03-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Forests and Global Change |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/ffgc.2022.849186/full |
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| author | Kaido Soosaar Kaido Soosaar Thomas Schindler Thomas Schindler Katerina Machacova Katerina Machacova Jaan Pärn Lizardo Manuel Fachín-Malaverri Jhon Ever Rengifo-Marin Waldemar Alegría-Muñoz José Luis Jibaja-Aspajo Robinson Negron-Juarez Ricardo Zárate-Gómez Danika Journeth Garay-Dinis Adriana Gabriela Arista-Oversluijs Rodil Tello-Espinoza Tedi Pacheco-Gómez Ülo Mander Ülo Mander |
| author_facet | Kaido Soosaar Kaido Soosaar Thomas Schindler Thomas Schindler Katerina Machacova Katerina Machacova Jaan Pärn Lizardo Manuel Fachín-Malaverri Jhon Ever Rengifo-Marin Waldemar Alegría-Muñoz José Luis Jibaja-Aspajo Robinson Negron-Juarez Ricardo Zárate-Gómez Danika Journeth Garay-Dinis Adriana Gabriela Arista-Oversluijs Rodil Tello-Espinoza Tedi Pacheco-Gómez Ülo Mander Ülo Mander |
| author_sort | Kaido Soosaar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Tree stems in tropical peat swamp forests are known as considerable methane (CH4) emitters; however, little is known about their carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrous oxide (N2O) exchange. Differences between species, especially the role of palm stems in the exchange of greenhouse gasses, have remained largely unknown. We measured stem CO2, CH4, and N2O fluxes from the different heights of widely spread aguaje palms (Mauritia flexuosa) and boarwoods (Symphonia globulifera) and the soil beneath the same trees in a Peruvian Amazon palm swamp using a static closed chamber technique from September 2019 to March 2020. The tree stems were the net emitters of CO2 and CH4 but occasionally showed low N2O uptake. We found the highest stem CH4 emissions (average ± SE) from palm stems of the height of 80 cm (1,601 ± 165.9 μg C m–2 h–1), which are more than 300 times greater compared to the highest fluxes from boarwood stems, at the height of 30 cm (5.12 ± 1.27 μg C m–2 h–1). The average soil CH4 flux was 3,618 ± 465 μg C m–2 h–1. Whereas N2O fluxes from the stems were negligible, the average N2O fluxes from soils beneath the same trees were relatively high, ranging from 53.75 ± 24.04 (close to boarwood trees) to 143.4 ± 68.43 (close to palms) μg N m–2 h–1. While roughly upscaling tree-level fluxes to the stand level of 27,732 km2 of palm swamp in the Pastaza-Marañon foreland basin, these forests are net annual emitters of CH4 and N2O (897 Gg C y–1 and 24 Gg N y–1, respectively). These results highlight the necessity to study this kind of ecosystem more intensely. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T01:37:57Z |
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| id | doaj.art-68c0dd0a246d42bba4ad1a144e606800 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2624-893X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T01:37:57Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Forests and Global Change |
| spelling | doaj.art-68c0dd0a246d42bba4ad1a144e6068002022-12-22T00:03:51ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Forests and Global Change2624-893X2022-03-01510.3389/ffgc.2022.849186849186High Methane Emission From Palm Stems and Nitrous Oxide Emission From the Soil in a Peruvian Amazon Peat Swamp ForestKaido Soosaar0Kaido Soosaar1Thomas Schindler2Thomas Schindler3Katerina Machacova4Katerina Machacova5Jaan Pärn6Lizardo Manuel Fachín-Malaverri7Jhon Ever Rengifo-Marin8Waldemar Alegría-Muñoz9José Luis Jibaja-Aspajo10Robinson Negron-Juarez11Ricardo Zárate-Gómez12Danika Journeth Garay-Dinis13Adriana Gabriela Arista-Oversluijs14Rodil Tello-Espinoza15Tedi Pacheco-Gómez16Ülo Mander17Ülo Mander18Department of Geography, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, EstoniaDepartment of Ecosystem Trace Gas Exchange, Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, CzechiaDepartment of Geography, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, EstoniaDepartment of Ecosystem Trace Gas Exchange, Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, CzechiaDepartment of Geography, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, EstoniaDepartment of Ecosystem Trace Gas Exchange, Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, CzechiaDepartment of Geography, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, EstoniaResearch Institute of the Peruvian Amazon, Iquitos, PeruResearch Institute of the Peruvian Amazon, Iquitos, PeruSchool of Forestry, National University of the Peruvian Amazon, Iquitos, PeruSchool of Forestry, National University of the Peruvian Amazon, Iquitos, PeruLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, United StatesResearch Institute of the Peruvian Amazon, Iquitos, PeruSchool of Forestry, National University of the Peruvian Amazon, Iquitos, PeruSchool of Forestry, National University of the Peruvian Amazon, Iquitos, PeruSchool of Forestry, National University of the Peruvian Amazon, Iquitos, PeruSchool of Forestry, National University of the Peruvian Amazon, Iquitos, PeruDepartment of Geography, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, EstoniaDepartment of Ecosystem Trace Gas Exchange, Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, CzechiaTree stems in tropical peat swamp forests are known as considerable methane (CH4) emitters; however, little is known about their carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrous oxide (N2O) exchange. Differences between species, especially the role of palm stems in the exchange of greenhouse gasses, have remained largely unknown. We measured stem CO2, CH4, and N2O fluxes from the different heights of widely spread aguaje palms (Mauritia flexuosa) and boarwoods (Symphonia globulifera) and the soil beneath the same trees in a Peruvian Amazon palm swamp using a static closed chamber technique from September 2019 to March 2020. The tree stems were the net emitters of CO2 and CH4 but occasionally showed low N2O uptake. We found the highest stem CH4 emissions (average ± SE) from palm stems of the height of 80 cm (1,601 ± 165.9 μg C m–2 h–1), which are more than 300 times greater compared to the highest fluxes from boarwood stems, at the height of 30 cm (5.12 ± 1.27 μg C m–2 h–1). The average soil CH4 flux was 3,618 ± 465 μg C m–2 h–1. Whereas N2O fluxes from the stems were negligible, the average N2O fluxes from soils beneath the same trees were relatively high, ranging from 53.75 ± 24.04 (close to boarwood trees) to 143.4 ± 68.43 (close to palms) μg N m–2 h–1. While roughly upscaling tree-level fluxes to the stand level of 27,732 km2 of palm swamp in the Pastaza-Marañon foreland basin, these forests are net annual emitters of CH4 and N2O (897 Gg C y–1 and 24 Gg N y–1, respectively). These results highlight the necessity to study this kind of ecosystem more intensely.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/ffgc.2022.849186/fullaguaje palmAmazon rainforestgreenhouse gassesstem profiletropical peatlands |
| spellingShingle | Kaido Soosaar Kaido Soosaar Thomas Schindler Thomas Schindler Katerina Machacova Katerina Machacova Jaan Pärn Lizardo Manuel Fachín-Malaverri Jhon Ever Rengifo-Marin Waldemar Alegría-Muñoz José Luis Jibaja-Aspajo Robinson Negron-Juarez Ricardo Zárate-Gómez Danika Journeth Garay-Dinis Adriana Gabriela Arista-Oversluijs Rodil Tello-Espinoza Tedi Pacheco-Gómez Ülo Mander Ülo Mander High Methane Emission From Palm Stems and Nitrous Oxide Emission From the Soil in a Peruvian Amazon Peat Swamp Forest Frontiers in Forests and Global Change aguaje palm Amazon rainforest greenhouse gasses stem profile tropical peatlands |
| title | High Methane Emission From Palm Stems and Nitrous Oxide Emission From the Soil in a Peruvian Amazon Peat Swamp Forest |
| title_full | High Methane Emission From Palm Stems and Nitrous Oxide Emission From the Soil in a Peruvian Amazon Peat Swamp Forest |
| title_fullStr | High Methane Emission From Palm Stems and Nitrous Oxide Emission From the Soil in a Peruvian Amazon Peat Swamp Forest |
| title_full_unstemmed | High Methane Emission From Palm Stems and Nitrous Oxide Emission From the Soil in a Peruvian Amazon Peat Swamp Forest |
| title_short | High Methane Emission From Palm Stems and Nitrous Oxide Emission From the Soil in a Peruvian Amazon Peat Swamp Forest |
| title_sort | high methane emission from palm stems and nitrous oxide emission from the soil in a peruvian amazon peat swamp forest |
| topic | aguaje palm Amazon rainforest greenhouse gasses stem profile tropical peatlands |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/ffgc.2022.849186/full |
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