Coated Diammonium Phosphate Combined With Humic Acid Improves Soil Phosphorus Availability and Photosynthesis and the Yield of Maize
Controlled release phosphorus (P) fertilizers and humic acid (HA) applications are two effective and significant techniques or measures for preventing P loss and enhancing maize development. However, the underlying physiological mechanism of how the controlled release P fertilizers combined with HA...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-12-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Plant Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2021.759929/full |
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| author | Qi Chen Zhaoming Qu Zeli Li Zixin Zhang Guohua Ma Zhiguang Liu Yanfeng Wang Liang Wu Fuli Fang Zhanbo Wei Min Zhang |
| author_facet | Qi Chen Zhaoming Qu Zeli Li Zixin Zhang Guohua Ma Zhiguang Liu Yanfeng Wang Liang Wu Fuli Fang Zhanbo Wei Min Zhang |
| author_sort | Qi Chen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Controlled release phosphorus (P) fertilizers and humic acid (HA) applications are two effective and significant techniques or measures for preventing P loss and enhancing maize development. However, the underlying physiological mechanism of how the controlled release P fertilizers combined with HA affect the maize production and P-use efficiency (PUE) remains unknown. The effects of applying coated diammonium phosphate (CDAP) and HA together on soil nutrient supply intensity, soil phosphatase activity, photosynthesis, endogenous hormone contents, and yield of maize, as well as PUE, were examined in this study. In a pot experiment, two types of P fertilizers—CDAP and diammonium phosphate (DAP)– as well as two HA application rates (0 and 45 kg ha–1) and two P levels (60 and 75 kg P2O5 ha–1) were utilized. Results showed that the key elements that influence the growth and yield of the maize were the availability of P content in soil, plant photosynthesis, and hormone levels. The combination of CDAP and HA had a greater impact on yield and PUE over the course of 2 years than either DAP alone or DAP combined with HA. Besides, using CDAP in combination with HA increased the yield and PUE by 4.2 and 8.4%, respectively, as compared to the application of CDAP alone at 75 kg P2O5 ha–1. From the twelve-leaf to milk stages, the available P content in the soil was increased by an average of 38.6% with the combination of CDAP and HA compared to the application of CDAP alone at 75 kg P2O5 ha–1. In addition, the application of CDAP combined with HA boosted the activities of ATP synthase, as well as the content of cytokinin (CTK), and hence improved the maize photosynthetic rate (Pn). When compared to the application of CDAP alone or DAP combined with HA, the Pn of CDAP + HA treatments was enhanced by 17.9–35.1% at the same P rate. In conclusion, as an environmentally friendly fertilizer, the combined application of CDAP and HA improved the intensity of the soil nutrient supply, regulated photosynthetic capabilities, and increased the yield and PUE, which is important for agricultural production, P resource conservation, and environmental protection. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T23:41:59Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-68cf552f7e424e869a92caf35e052a26 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-462X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T23:41:59Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
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| series | Frontiers in Plant Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-68cf552f7e424e869a92caf35e052a262022-12-21T19:23:04ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2021-12-011210.3389/fpls.2021.759929759929Coated Diammonium Phosphate Combined With Humic Acid Improves Soil Phosphorus Availability and Photosynthesis and the Yield of MaizeQi Chen0Zhaoming Qu1Zeli Li2Zixin Zhang3Guohua Ma4Zhiguang Liu5Yanfeng Wang6Liang Wu7Fuli Fang8Zhanbo Wei9Min Zhang10National Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, ChinaNational Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, ChinaNational Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, ChinaNational Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, ChinaNational Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, ChinaNational Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, ChinaKey Laboratory of Crop Specific Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture, Xinyangfeng Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd., Jingmen, ChinaKey Laboratory of Crop Specific Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture, Xinyangfeng Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd., Jingmen, ChinaKey Laboratory of Crop Specific Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture, Xinyangfeng Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd., Jingmen, ChinaInstitute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, ChinaNational Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, ChinaControlled release phosphorus (P) fertilizers and humic acid (HA) applications are two effective and significant techniques or measures for preventing P loss and enhancing maize development. However, the underlying physiological mechanism of how the controlled release P fertilizers combined with HA affect the maize production and P-use efficiency (PUE) remains unknown. The effects of applying coated diammonium phosphate (CDAP) and HA together on soil nutrient supply intensity, soil phosphatase activity, photosynthesis, endogenous hormone contents, and yield of maize, as well as PUE, were examined in this study. In a pot experiment, two types of P fertilizers—CDAP and diammonium phosphate (DAP)– as well as two HA application rates (0 and 45 kg ha–1) and two P levels (60 and 75 kg P2O5 ha–1) were utilized. Results showed that the key elements that influence the growth and yield of the maize were the availability of P content in soil, plant photosynthesis, and hormone levels. The combination of CDAP and HA had a greater impact on yield and PUE over the course of 2 years than either DAP alone or DAP combined with HA. Besides, using CDAP in combination with HA increased the yield and PUE by 4.2 and 8.4%, respectively, as compared to the application of CDAP alone at 75 kg P2O5 ha–1. From the twelve-leaf to milk stages, the available P content in the soil was increased by an average of 38.6% with the combination of CDAP and HA compared to the application of CDAP alone at 75 kg P2O5 ha–1. In addition, the application of CDAP combined with HA boosted the activities of ATP synthase, as well as the content of cytokinin (CTK), and hence improved the maize photosynthetic rate (Pn). When compared to the application of CDAP alone or DAP combined with HA, the Pn of CDAP + HA treatments was enhanced by 17.9–35.1% at the same P rate. In conclusion, as an environmentally friendly fertilizer, the combined application of CDAP and HA improved the intensity of the soil nutrient supply, regulated photosynthetic capabilities, and increased the yield and PUE, which is important for agricultural production, P resource conservation, and environmental protection.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2021.759929/fullphosphorus use efficiencyeconomic benefitsphosphate releaseendogenous hormonephosphatase |
| spellingShingle | Qi Chen Zhaoming Qu Zeli Li Zixin Zhang Guohua Ma Zhiguang Liu Yanfeng Wang Liang Wu Fuli Fang Zhanbo Wei Min Zhang Coated Diammonium Phosphate Combined With Humic Acid Improves Soil Phosphorus Availability and Photosynthesis and the Yield of Maize Frontiers in Plant Science phosphorus use efficiency economic benefits phosphate release endogenous hormone phosphatase |
| title | Coated Diammonium Phosphate Combined With Humic Acid Improves Soil Phosphorus Availability and Photosynthesis and the Yield of Maize |
| title_full | Coated Diammonium Phosphate Combined With Humic Acid Improves Soil Phosphorus Availability and Photosynthesis and the Yield of Maize |
| title_fullStr | Coated Diammonium Phosphate Combined With Humic Acid Improves Soil Phosphorus Availability and Photosynthesis and the Yield of Maize |
| title_full_unstemmed | Coated Diammonium Phosphate Combined With Humic Acid Improves Soil Phosphorus Availability and Photosynthesis and the Yield of Maize |
| title_short | Coated Diammonium Phosphate Combined With Humic Acid Improves Soil Phosphorus Availability and Photosynthesis and the Yield of Maize |
| title_sort | coated diammonium phosphate combined with humic acid improves soil phosphorus availability and photosynthesis and the yield of maize |
| topic | phosphorus use efficiency economic benefits phosphate release endogenous hormone phosphatase |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2021.759929/full |
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