AIM2 Inflammasome's First Decade of Discovery: Focus on Oral Diseases
A common feature of many acute and chronic oral diseases is microbial-induced inflammation. Innate immune responses are the first line of defense against pathogenic microorganisms and are initiated by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that specifically recognize pathogen-associated molecular patt...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2020-08-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2020.01487/full |
| _version_ | 1798045773879836672 |
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| author | Lufei Wang Lufei Wang Lu Sun Kevin M. Byrd Ching-Chang Ko Zhenxing Zhao Jie Fang |
| author_facet | Lufei Wang Lufei Wang Lu Sun Kevin M. Byrd Ching-Chang Ko Zhenxing Zhao Jie Fang |
| author_sort | Lufei Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A common feature of many acute and chronic oral diseases is microbial-induced inflammation. Innate immune responses are the first line of defense against pathogenic microorganisms and are initiated by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that specifically recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns and danger-associated molecular patterns. The activation of certain PRRs can lead to the assembly of macromolecular oligomers termed inflammasomes, which are responsible for pro-inflammatory cytokine maturation and secretion and thus activate host inflammatory responses. About 10 years ago, the absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) was independently discovered by four research groups, and among the “canonical” inflammasomes [including AIM2, NLR family pyrin domain (NLRP)1, NLRP3, NLR family apoptosis inhibitory protein (NAIP)/NLR family, caspase activation and recruitment domain (CARD) containing (NLRC)4, and pyrin], AIM2 so far is the only one that simultaneously acts as a cytosolic DNA sensor due to its DNA-binding ability. Undoubtedly, such a double-faceted role gives AIM2 greater mission and more potential in the mediation of innate immune responses. Therefore, AIM2 has garnered much attention from the broad scientific community during its first 10 years of discovery (2009–2019). How the AIM2 inflammasome is related to oral diseases has aroused debate over the past few years and is under active investigation. AIM2 inflammasome may potentially be a key link between oral diseases and innate immunity. In this review, we highlight the current knowledge of the AIM2 inflammasome and its critical role in the pathogenesis of various oral diseases, which might offer future possibilities for disease prevention and targeted therapy utilizing this continued understanding. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T23:26:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-68d0b9a286264fb8aafb944c86789463 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T23:26:31Z |
| publishDate | 2020-08-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-68d0b9a286264fb8aafb944c867894632022-12-22T03:57:18ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242020-08-011110.3389/fimmu.2020.01487513127AIM2 Inflammasome's First Decade of Discovery: Focus on Oral DiseasesLufei Wang0Lufei Wang1Lu Sun2Kevin M. Byrd3Ching-Chang Ko4Zhenxing Zhao5Jie Fang6State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, ChinaDivision of Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, University of North Carolina Adams School of Dentistry, Chapel Hill, NC, United StatesDepartment of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, United StatesDivision of Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, University of North Carolina Adams School of Dentistry, Chapel Hill, NC, United StatesDivision of Orthodontics, The Ohio State University College of Dentistry, Columbus, OH, United StatesState Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, ChinaA common feature of many acute and chronic oral diseases is microbial-induced inflammation. Innate immune responses are the first line of defense against pathogenic microorganisms and are initiated by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that specifically recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns and danger-associated molecular patterns. The activation of certain PRRs can lead to the assembly of macromolecular oligomers termed inflammasomes, which are responsible for pro-inflammatory cytokine maturation and secretion and thus activate host inflammatory responses. About 10 years ago, the absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) was independently discovered by four research groups, and among the “canonical” inflammasomes [including AIM2, NLR family pyrin domain (NLRP)1, NLRP3, NLR family apoptosis inhibitory protein (NAIP)/NLR family, caspase activation and recruitment domain (CARD) containing (NLRC)4, and pyrin], AIM2 so far is the only one that simultaneously acts as a cytosolic DNA sensor due to its DNA-binding ability. Undoubtedly, such a double-faceted role gives AIM2 greater mission and more potential in the mediation of innate immune responses. Therefore, AIM2 has garnered much attention from the broad scientific community during its first 10 years of discovery (2009–2019). How the AIM2 inflammasome is related to oral diseases has aroused debate over the past few years and is under active investigation. AIM2 inflammasome may potentially be a key link between oral diseases and innate immunity. In this review, we highlight the current knowledge of the AIM2 inflammasome and its critical role in the pathogenesis of various oral diseases, which might offer future possibilities for disease prevention and targeted therapy utilizing this continued understanding.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2020.01487/fullinnate immunityinflammasomeperiodontal diseasepulpitishead and neck cancers |
| spellingShingle | Lufei Wang Lufei Wang Lu Sun Kevin M. Byrd Ching-Chang Ko Zhenxing Zhao Jie Fang AIM2 Inflammasome's First Decade of Discovery: Focus on Oral Diseases Frontiers in Immunology innate immunity inflammasome periodontal disease pulpitis head and neck cancers |
| title | AIM2 Inflammasome's First Decade of Discovery: Focus on Oral Diseases |
| title_full | AIM2 Inflammasome's First Decade of Discovery: Focus on Oral Diseases |
| title_fullStr | AIM2 Inflammasome's First Decade of Discovery: Focus on Oral Diseases |
| title_full_unstemmed | AIM2 Inflammasome's First Decade of Discovery: Focus on Oral Diseases |
| title_short | AIM2 Inflammasome's First Decade of Discovery: Focus on Oral Diseases |
| title_sort | aim2 inflammasome s first decade of discovery focus on oral diseases |
| topic | innate immunity inflammasome periodontal disease pulpitis head and neck cancers |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2020.01487/full |
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