Epigenetic and developmental influences on the risk of obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome
Caitlin J Smith, Kelli K Ryckman Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa, College of Public Health, Iowa City, IA, USA Abstract: Metabolic syndrome is a growing cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Metabolic syndrome is characterized by the presence of a variety of metabolic disturban...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Dove Medical Press
2015-06-01
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| Series: | Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity |
| Online Access: | http://www.dovepress.com/epigenetic-and-developmental-influences-on-the-risk-of-obesity-diabete-peer-reviewed-article-DMSO |
| _version_ | 1797935318068887552 |
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| author | Smith CJ Ryckman KK |
| author_facet | Smith CJ Ryckman KK |
| author_sort | Smith CJ |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Caitlin J Smith, Kelli K Ryckman Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa, College of Public Health, Iowa City, IA, USA Abstract: Metabolic syndrome is a growing cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Metabolic syndrome is characterized by the presence of a variety of metabolic disturbances including obesity, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and elevated fasting blood sugar. Although the risk for metabolic syndrome has largely been attributed to adult lifestyle factors such as poor nutrition, lack of exercise, and smoking, there is now strong evidence suggesting that predisposition to the development of metabolic syndrome begins in utero. First posited by Hales and Barker in 1992, the “thrifty phenotype” hypothesis proposes that susceptibility to adult chronic diseases can occur in response to exposures in the prenatal and perinatal periods. This hypothesis has been continually supported by epidemiologic studies and studies involving animal models. In this review, we describe the structural, metabolic and epigenetic changes that occur in response to adverse intrauterine environments including prenatal and postnatal diet, maternal obesity, and pregnancy complications. Given the increasing prevalence of metabolic syndrome in both the developed and developing worlds, a greater understanding and appreciation for the role of the intrauterine environment in adult chronic disease etiology is imperative. Keywords: epigenetics, metabolic syndrome, fetal programming, maternal, pregnancy complications |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T18:13:41Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-68d985baeb8c487e8b541bc0ce220c7f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1178-7007 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T18:13:41Z |
| publishDate | 2015-06-01 |
| publisher | Dove Medical Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity |
| spelling | doaj.art-68d985baeb8c487e8b541bc0ce220c7f2023-02-02T10:06:17ZengDove Medical PressDiabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity1178-70072015-06-012015default29530222389Epigenetic and developmental influences on the risk of obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndromeSmith CJRyckman KKCaitlin J Smith, Kelli K Ryckman Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa, College of Public Health, Iowa City, IA, USA Abstract: Metabolic syndrome is a growing cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Metabolic syndrome is characterized by the presence of a variety of metabolic disturbances including obesity, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and elevated fasting blood sugar. Although the risk for metabolic syndrome has largely been attributed to adult lifestyle factors such as poor nutrition, lack of exercise, and smoking, there is now strong evidence suggesting that predisposition to the development of metabolic syndrome begins in utero. First posited by Hales and Barker in 1992, the “thrifty phenotype” hypothesis proposes that susceptibility to adult chronic diseases can occur in response to exposures in the prenatal and perinatal periods. This hypothesis has been continually supported by epidemiologic studies and studies involving animal models. In this review, we describe the structural, metabolic and epigenetic changes that occur in response to adverse intrauterine environments including prenatal and postnatal diet, maternal obesity, and pregnancy complications. Given the increasing prevalence of metabolic syndrome in both the developed and developing worlds, a greater understanding and appreciation for the role of the intrauterine environment in adult chronic disease etiology is imperative. Keywords: epigenetics, metabolic syndrome, fetal programming, maternal, pregnancy complicationshttp://www.dovepress.com/epigenetic-and-developmental-influences-on-the-risk-of-obesity-diabete-peer-reviewed-article-DMSO |
| spellingShingle | Smith CJ Ryckman KK Epigenetic and developmental influences on the risk of obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity |
| title | Epigenetic and developmental influences on the risk of obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome |
| title_full | Epigenetic and developmental influences on the risk of obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome |
| title_fullStr | Epigenetic and developmental influences on the risk of obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome |
| title_full_unstemmed | Epigenetic and developmental influences on the risk of obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome |
| title_short | Epigenetic and developmental influences on the risk of obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome |
| title_sort | epigenetic and developmental influences on the risk of obesity diabetes and metabolic syndrome |
| url | http://www.dovepress.com/epigenetic-and-developmental-influences-on-the-risk-of-obesity-diabete-peer-reviewed-article-DMSO |
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