Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles—A Brief Review of Current Topologies and Energy Management Strategies
With the development of technologies in recent decades and the imposition of international standards to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, car manufacturers have turned their attention to new technologies related to electric/hybrid vehicles and electric fuel cell vehicles. This paper focuses on electr...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-01-01
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| Series: | Energies |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/1/252 |
| _version_ | 1797542252777570304 |
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| author | Ioan-Sorin Sorlei Nicu Bizon Phatiphat Thounthong Mihai Varlam Elena Carcadea Mihai Culcer Mariana Iliescu Mircea Raceanu |
| author_facet | Ioan-Sorin Sorlei Nicu Bizon Phatiphat Thounthong Mihai Varlam Elena Carcadea Mihai Culcer Mariana Iliescu Mircea Raceanu |
| author_sort | Ioan-Sorin Sorlei |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | With the development of technologies in recent decades and the imposition of international standards to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, car manufacturers have turned their attention to new technologies related to electric/hybrid vehicles and electric fuel cell vehicles. This paper focuses on electric fuel cell vehicles, which optimally combine the fuel cell system with hybrid energy storage systems, represented by batteries and ultracapacitors, to meet the dynamic power demand required by the electric motor and auxiliary systems. This paper compares the latest proposed topologies for fuel cell electric vehicles and reveals the new technologies and DC/DC converters involved to generate up-to-date information for researchers and developers interested in this specialized field. From a software point of view, the latest energy management strategies are analyzed and compared with the reference strategies, taking into account performance indicators such as energy efficiency, hydrogen consumption and degradation of the subsystems involved, which is the main challenge for car developers. The advantages and disadvantages of three types of strategies (rule-based strategies, optimization-based strategies and learning-based strategies) are discussed. Thus, future software developers can focus on new control algorithms in the area of artificial intelligence developed to meet the challenges posed by new technologies for autonomous vehicles. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:28:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-68da65561d02405ca5ba9ee54e3047f4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:28:02Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-68da65561d02405ca5ba9ee54e3047f42023-11-21T08:35:41ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732021-01-0114125210.3390/en14010252Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles—A Brief Review of Current Topologies and Energy Management StrategiesIoan-Sorin Sorlei0Nicu Bizon1Phatiphat Thounthong2Mihai Varlam3Elena Carcadea4Mihai Culcer5Mariana Iliescu6Mircea Raceanu7ICSI Energy Department, National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenic and Isotopic Technologies,1 Uzinei, 240050 Ramnicu Valcea, RomaniaICSI Energy Department, National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenic and Isotopic Technologies,1 Uzinei, 240050 Ramnicu Valcea, RomaniaRenewable Energy Research Centre (RERC), King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok, 1518, Pracharat 1 Road, Bangsue, Bangkok 10800, ThailandICSI Energy Department, National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenic and Isotopic Technologies,1 Uzinei, 240050 Ramnicu Valcea, RomaniaICSI Energy Department, National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenic and Isotopic Technologies,1 Uzinei, 240050 Ramnicu Valcea, RomaniaICSI Energy Department, National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenic and Isotopic Technologies,1 Uzinei, 240050 Ramnicu Valcea, RomaniaICSI Energy Department, National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenic and Isotopic Technologies,1 Uzinei, 240050 Ramnicu Valcea, RomaniaICSI Energy Department, National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenic and Isotopic Technologies,1 Uzinei, 240050 Ramnicu Valcea, RomaniaWith the development of technologies in recent decades and the imposition of international standards to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, car manufacturers have turned their attention to new technologies related to electric/hybrid vehicles and electric fuel cell vehicles. This paper focuses on electric fuel cell vehicles, which optimally combine the fuel cell system with hybrid energy storage systems, represented by batteries and ultracapacitors, to meet the dynamic power demand required by the electric motor and auxiliary systems. This paper compares the latest proposed topologies for fuel cell electric vehicles and reveals the new technologies and DC/DC converters involved to generate up-to-date information for researchers and developers interested in this specialized field. From a software point of view, the latest energy management strategies are analyzed and compared with the reference strategies, taking into account performance indicators such as energy efficiency, hydrogen consumption and degradation of the subsystems involved, which is the main challenge for car developers. The advantages and disadvantages of three types of strategies (rule-based strategies, optimization-based strategies and learning-based strategies) are discussed. Thus, future software developers can focus on new control algorithms in the area of artificial intelligence developed to meet the challenges posed by new technologies for autonomous vehicles.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/1/252fuel cell electric vehicleDC/DC converter topologiesenergy management strategyrule-basedglobal optimizationreal-time optimization |
| spellingShingle | Ioan-Sorin Sorlei Nicu Bizon Phatiphat Thounthong Mihai Varlam Elena Carcadea Mihai Culcer Mariana Iliescu Mircea Raceanu Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles—A Brief Review of Current Topologies and Energy Management Strategies Energies fuel cell electric vehicle DC/DC converter topologies energy management strategy rule-based global optimization real-time optimization |
| title | Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles—A Brief Review of Current Topologies and Energy Management Strategies |
| title_full | Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles—A Brief Review of Current Topologies and Energy Management Strategies |
| title_fullStr | Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles—A Brief Review of Current Topologies and Energy Management Strategies |
| title_full_unstemmed | Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles—A Brief Review of Current Topologies and Energy Management Strategies |
| title_short | Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles—A Brief Review of Current Topologies and Energy Management Strategies |
| title_sort | fuel cell electric vehicles a brief review of current topologies and energy management strategies |
| topic | fuel cell electric vehicle DC/DC converter topologies energy management strategy rule-based global optimization real-time optimization |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/1/252 |
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