Electric vehicle (EV) and driving towards sustainability: Comparison between EV, HEV, PHEV, and ICE vehicles to achieve net zero emissions by 2050 from EV

This study explores the environmental and economic implications of Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) vehicles, Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs), Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs), and Electric Vehicles (EVs). A case study in Indonesia is selected, focusing to achieve net zero emissions by 2050...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Ibham Veza, Muhammad Zacky Asy'ari, M. Idris, Vorathin Epin, I.M. Rizwanul Fattah, Martin Spraggon
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2023-11-01
Series:Alexandria Engineering Journal
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1110016823009055