Evaluation of Aflatoxin M1 Effects on the Metabolomic and Cytokinomic Profiling of a Hepatoblastoma Cell Line
Hepatoblastoma incidence has been associated with different environmental factors even if no data are reported about a correlation between aflatoxin exposure and hepatoblastoma initiation. Considering that hepatoblastoma develops in infants and children and aflatoxin M1 (AFM1), the aflatoxin B1 (AFB...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2018-10-01
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| Series: | Toxins |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/10/11/436 |
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| author | Silvia Marchese Angela Sorice Andrea Ariano Salvatore Florio Alfredo Budillon Susan Costantini Lorella Severino |
| author_facet | Silvia Marchese Angela Sorice Andrea Ariano Salvatore Florio Alfredo Budillon Susan Costantini Lorella Severino |
| author_sort | Silvia Marchese |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Hepatoblastoma incidence has been associated with different environmental factors even if no data are reported about a correlation between aflatoxin exposure and hepatoblastoma initiation. Considering that hepatoblastoma develops in infants and children and aflatoxin M1 (AFM1), the aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) hydroxylated metabolite, can be present in mothers’ milk and in marketed milk products, in this study we decided to test the effects of AFM1 on a hepatoblastoma cell line (HepG2). Firstly, we evaluated the effects of AFM1 on the cell viability, apoptosis, cell cycle, and metabolomic and cytokinomic profile of HepG2 cells after treatment. AFM1 induced: (1) a decrease of HepG2 cell viability, reaching IC<sub>50</sub> at 9 µM; (2) the blocking of the cell cycle in the G0/G1 phase; (3) the decrease of formiate levels and incremented level of some amino acids and metabolites in HepG2 cells after treatment; and (4) the increase of the concentration of three pro-inflammatory cytokines, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α, and the decrease of the anti-inflammatory interleukin, IL-4. Our results show that AFM1 inhibited the growth of HepG2 cells, inducing both a modulation of the lipidic, glycolytic, and amino acid metabolism and an increase of the inflammatory status of these cells. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T08:16:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-68dc84c7bdb64e4689288dc49d0df63e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6651 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T08:16:51Z |
| publishDate | 2018-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Toxins |
| spelling | doaj.art-68dc84c7bdb64e4689288dc49d0df63e2022-12-22T02:54:46ZengMDPI AGToxins2072-66512018-10-01101143610.3390/toxins10110436toxins10110436Evaluation of Aflatoxin M1 Effects on the Metabolomic and Cytokinomic Profiling of a Hepatoblastoma Cell LineSilvia Marchese0Angela Sorice1Andrea Ariano2Salvatore Florio3Alfredo Budillon4Susan Costantini5Lorella Severino6Unità di Farmacologia e Tossicologia—Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria e Produzioni Animali, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, 80138 Napoli, ItalyUnità di Farmacologia Sperimentale, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS-Fondazione G. Pascale, 80131 Napoli, ItalyUnità di Farmacologia e Tossicologia—Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria e Produzioni Animali, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, 80138 Napoli, ItalyUnità di Farmacologia e Tossicologia—Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria e Produzioni Animali, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, 80138 Napoli, ItalyUnità di Farmacologia Sperimentale, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS-Fondazione G. Pascale, 80131 Napoli, ItalyUnità di Farmacologia Sperimentale, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS-Fondazione G. Pascale, 80131 Napoli, ItalyUnità di Farmacologia e Tossicologia—Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria e Produzioni Animali, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, 80138 Napoli, ItalyHepatoblastoma incidence has been associated with different environmental factors even if no data are reported about a correlation between aflatoxin exposure and hepatoblastoma initiation. Considering that hepatoblastoma develops in infants and children and aflatoxin M1 (AFM1), the aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) hydroxylated metabolite, can be present in mothers’ milk and in marketed milk products, in this study we decided to test the effects of AFM1 on a hepatoblastoma cell line (HepG2). Firstly, we evaluated the effects of AFM1 on the cell viability, apoptosis, cell cycle, and metabolomic and cytokinomic profile of HepG2 cells after treatment. AFM1 induced: (1) a decrease of HepG2 cell viability, reaching IC<sub>50</sub> at 9 µM; (2) the blocking of the cell cycle in the G0/G1 phase; (3) the decrease of formiate levels and incremented level of some amino acids and metabolites in HepG2 cells after treatment; and (4) the increase of the concentration of three pro-inflammatory cytokines, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α, and the decrease of the anti-inflammatory interleukin, IL-4. Our results show that AFM1 inhibited the growth of HepG2 cells, inducing both a modulation of the lipidic, glycolytic, and amino acid metabolism and an increase of the inflammatory status of these cells.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/10/11/436aflatoxin M1metabolomecytokinomehepatoblastoma |
| spellingShingle | Silvia Marchese Angela Sorice Andrea Ariano Salvatore Florio Alfredo Budillon Susan Costantini Lorella Severino Evaluation of Aflatoxin M1 Effects on the Metabolomic and Cytokinomic Profiling of a Hepatoblastoma Cell Line Toxins aflatoxin M1 metabolome cytokinome hepatoblastoma |
| title | Evaluation of Aflatoxin M1 Effects on the Metabolomic and Cytokinomic Profiling of a Hepatoblastoma Cell Line |
| title_full | Evaluation of Aflatoxin M1 Effects on the Metabolomic and Cytokinomic Profiling of a Hepatoblastoma Cell Line |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of Aflatoxin M1 Effects on the Metabolomic and Cytokinomic Profiling of a Hepatoblastoma Cell Line |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of Aflatoxin M1 Effects on the Metabolomic and Cytokinomic Profiling of a Hepatoblastoma Cell Line |
| title_short | Evaluation of Aflatoxin M1 Effects on the Metabolomic and Cytokinomic Profiling of a Hepatoblastoma Cell Line |
| title_sort | evaluation of aflatoxin m1 effects on the metabolomic and cytokinomic profiling of a hepatoblastoma cell line |
| topic | aflatoxin M1 metabolome cytokinome hepatoblastoma |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/10/11/436 |
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