Reactive oxygen species: a volatile driver of field cancerization and metastasis

Abstract Field cancerization and metastasis are the leading causes for cancer recurrence and mortality in cancer patients. The formation of primary, secondary tumors or metastasis is greatly influenced by multifaceted tumor-stroma interactions, in which stromal components of the tumor microenvironme...

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Main Authors: Zehuan Liao, Damien Chua, Nguan Soon Tan
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2019-03-01
Series:Molecular Cancer
Subjects:
Online Access:http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12943-019-0961-y
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author Zehuan Liao
Damien Chua
Nguan Soon Tan
author_facet Zehuan Liao
Damien Chua
Nguan Soon Tan
author_sort Zehuan Liao
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Field cancerization and metastasis are the leading causes for cancer recurrence and mortality in cancer patients. The formation of primary, secondary tumors or metastasis is greatly influenced by multifaceted tumor-stroma interactions, in which stromal components of the tumor microenvironment (TME) can affect the behavior of the cancer cells. Many studies have identified cytokines and growth factors as cell signaling molecules that aid cell to cell communication. However, the functional contribution of reactive oxygen species (ROS), a family of volatile chemicals, as communication molecules are less understood. Cancer cells and various tumor-associated stromal cells produce and secrete a copious amount of ROS into the TME. Intracellular ROS modulate cell signaling cascades that aid in the acquisition of several hallmarks of cancers. Extracellular ROS help to propagate, amplify, and effectively create a mutagenic and oncogenic field which facilitate the formation of multifoci tumors and act as a springboard for metastatic tumor cells. In this review, we summarize our current knowledge of ROS as atypical paracrine signaling molecules for field cancerization and metastasis. Field cancerization and metastasis are often discussed separately; we offer a model that placed these events with ROS as the focal instigating agent in a broader “seed-soil” hypothesis.
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spelling doaj.art-68e513671458490695d5b2115c600f012022-12-21T22:44:22ZengBMCMolecular Cancer1476-45982019-03-0118111010.1186/s12943-019-0961-yReactive oxygen species: a volatile driver of field cancerization and metastasisZehuan Liao0Damien Chua1Nguan Soon Tan2School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University SingaporeSchool of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University SingaporeSchool of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University SingaporeAbstract Field cancerization and metastasis are the leading causes for cancer recurrence and mortality in cancer patients. The formation of primary, secondary tumors or metastasis is greatly influenced by multifaceted tumor-stroma interactions, in which stromal components of the tumor microenvironment (TME) can affect the behavior of the cancer cells. Many studies have identified cytokines and growth factors as cell signaling molecules that aid cell to cell communication. However, the functional contribution of reactive oxygen species (ROS), a family of volatile chemicals, as communication molecules are less understood. Cancer cells and various tumor-associated stromal cells produce and secrete a copious amount of ROS into the TME. Intracellular ROS modulate cell signaling cascades that aid in the acquisition of several hallmarks of cancers. Extracellular ROS help to propagate, amplify, and effectively create a mutagenic and oncogenic field which facilitate the formation of multifoci tumors and act as a springboard for metastatic tumor cells. In this review, we summarize our current knowledge of ROS as atypical paracrine signaling molecules for field cancerization and metastasis. Field cancerization and metastasis are often discussed separately; we offer a model that placed these events with ROS as the focal instigating agent in a broader “seed-soil” hypothesis.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12943-019-0961-yReactive oxygen speciesField cancerizationMetastasisTumor microenvironmentCancer-associated fibroblastsTumor-associated macrophages
spellingShingle Zehuan Liao
Damien Chua
Nguan Soon Tan
Reactive oxygen species: a volatile driver of field cancerization and metastasis
Molecular Cancer
Reactive oxygen species
Field cancerization
Metastasis
Tumor microenvironment
Cancer-associated fibroblasts
Tumor-associated macrophages
title Reactive oxygen species: a volatile driver of field cancerization and metastasis
title_full Reactive oxygen species: a volatile driver of field cancerization and metastasis
title_fullStr Reactive oxygen species: a volatile driver of field cancerization and metastasis
title_full_unstemmed Reactive oxygen species: a volatile driver of field cancerization and metastasis
title_short Reactive oxygen species: a volatile driver of field cancerization and metastasis
title_sort reactive oxygen species a volatile driver of field cancerization and metastasis
topic Reactive oxygen species
Field cancerization
Metastasis
Tumor microenvironment
Cancer-associated fibroblasts
Tumor-associated macrophages
url http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12943-019-0961-y
work_keys_str_mv AT zehuanliao reactiveoxygenspeciesavolatiledriveroffieldcancerizationandmetastasis
AT damienchua reactiveoxygenspeciesavolatiledriveroffieldcancerizationandmetastasis
AT nguansoontan reactiveoxygenspeciesavolatiledriveroffieldcancerizationandmetastasis