Restrictive Diets in Patients with Fibromyalgia: State of the Art
Around 20–30% of Fibromyalgia patients modify their dietary habits after diagnosis, including avoiding certain food groups such as cereals. In this systematic review, we used the PRISMA guidelines to select the main studies that have evaluated the effectiveness of restrictive diets, including elimin...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-03-01
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| Series: | Biomedicines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/12/3/629 |
| _version_ | 1797241934379483136 |
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| author | Miriam Almirall Marta Musté Mayte Serrat Rafael Touriño Esther Espartal Sara Marsal |
| author_facet | Miriam Almirall Marta Musté Mayte Serrat Rafael Touriño Esther Espartal Sara Marsal |
| author_sort | Miriam Almirall |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Around 20–30% of Fibromyalgia patients modify their dietary habits after diagnosis, including avoiding certain food groups such as cereals. In this systematic review, we used the PRISMA guidelines to select the main studies that have evaluated the effectiveness of restrictive diets, including elimination and vegetarian diets, in patients with Fibromyalgia. Data on vegetarian/vegan diets are more consistent than data on elimination diets due to higher quality and better results of the published studies. Although the results are favorable in most of the studies, their heterogenicity and the scarce and low quality of the evidence (small number of patients included, often non-randomized and uncontrolled studies and multiple confounding factors and biases) does not allow for a positive recommendation about these restrictive diets in Fibromyalgia patients. Several factors other than food restriction could influence the symptomatic and functional improvements observed after restrictive diets, such as the placebo effect, weight loss that often occurs, coexistence with gastrointestinal diseases and positive effects of unrestricted foods. We must advance more and improve in our knowledge of the effectiveness of restrictive diets and variables related to them before recommending them systematically to all patients with Fibromyalgia. Randomized, placebo-controlled trials with large sample sizes, longer follow-up periods and standardized outcome measures that explore predictors of dietary response are needed to better understand the relationship between Fibromyalgia and nutrition. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T18:31:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-68ebdae0677548bd95b1e9eece91b20f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-9059 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T18:31:13Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomedicines |
| spelling | doaj.art-68ebdae0677548bd95b1e9eece91b20f2024-03-27T13:22:59ZengMDPI AGBiomedicines2227-90592024-03-0112362910.3390/biomedicines12030629Restrictive Diets in Patients with Fibromyalgia: State of the ArtMiriam Almirall0Marta Musté1Mayte Serrat2Rafael Touriño3Esther Espartal4Sara Marsal5Rheumatology Department, University Hospital Vall d’Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, SpainRheumatology Department, University Hospital Vall d’Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, SpainRheumatology Department, University Hospital Vall d’Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, SpainRheumatology Department, University Hospital Vall d’Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, SpainRheumatology Department, University Hospital Vall d’Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, SpainRheumatology Department, University Hospital Vall d’Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, SpainAround 20–30% of Fibromyalgia patients modify their dietary habits after diagnosis, including avoiding certain food groups such as cereals. In this systematic review, we used the PRISMA guidelines to select the main studies that have evaluated the effectiveness of restrictive diets, including elimination and vegetarian diets, in patients with Fibromyalgia. Data on vegetarian/vegan diets are more consistent than data on elimination diets due to higher quality and better results of the published studies. Although the results are favorable in most of the studies, their heterogenicity and the scarce and low quality of the evidence (small number of patients included, often non-randomized and uncontrolled studies and multiple confounding factors and biases) does not allow for a positive recommendation about these restrictive diets in Fibromyalgia patients. Several factors other than food restriction could influence the symptomatic and functional improvements observed after restrictive diets, such as the placebo effect, weight loss that often occurs, coexistence with gastrointestinal diseases and positive effects of unrestricted foods. We must advance more and improve in our knowledge of the effectiveness of restrictive diets and variables related to them before recommending them systematically to all patients with Fibromyalgia. Randomized, placebo-controlled trials with large sample sizes, longer follow-up periods and standardized outcome measures that explore predictors of dietary response are needed to better understand the relationship between Fibromyalgia and nutrition.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/12/3/629fibromyalgiadietfoodnutrition |
| spellingShingle | Miriam Almirall Marta Musté Mayte Serrat Rafael Touriño Esther Espartal Sara Marsal Restrictive Diets in Patients with Fibromyalgia: State of the Art Biomedicines fibromyalgia diet food nutrition |
| title | Restrictive Diets in Patients with Fibromyalgia: State of the Art |
| title_full | Restrictive Diets in Patients with Fibromyalgia: State of the Art |
| title_fullStr | Restrictive Diets in Patients with Fibromyalgia: State of the Art |
| title_full_unstemmed | Restrictive Diets in Patients with Fibromyalgia: State of the Art |
| title_short | Restrictive Diets in Patients with Fibromyalgia: State of the Art |
| title_sort | restrictive diets in patients with fibromyalgia state of the art |
| topic | fibromyalgia diet food nutrition |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/12/3/629 |
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