Molecular Mechanisms and Regulation of Mammalian Mitophagy
Mitochondria in the cell are the center for energy production, essential biomolecule synthesis, and cell fate determination. Moreover, the mitochondrial functional versatility enables cells to adapt to the changes in cellular environment and various stresses. In the process of discharging its cellul...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-12-01
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| Series: | Cells |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/11/1/38 |
| _version_ | 1827668627466223616 |
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| author | Vinay Choubey Akbar Zeb Allen Kaasik |
| author_facet | Vinay Choubey Akbar Zeb Allen Kaasik |
| author_sort | Vinay Choubey |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Mitochondria in the cell are the center for energy production, essential biomolecule synthesis, and cell fate determination. Moreover, the mitochondrial functional versatility enables cells to adapt to the changes in cellular environment and various stresses. In the process of discharging its cellular duties, mitochondria face multiple types of challenges, such as oxidative stress, protein-related challenges (import, folding, and degradation) and mitochondrial DNA damage. They mitigate all these challenges with robust quality control mechanisms which include antioxidant defenses, proteostasis systems (chaperones and proteases) and mitochondrial biogenesis. Failure of these quality control mechanisms leaves mitochondria as terminally damaged, which then have to be promptly cleared from the cells before they become a threat to cell survival. Such damaged mitochondria are degraded by a selective form of autophagy called mitophagy. Rigorous research in the field has identified multiple types of mitophagy processes based on targeting signals on damaged or superfluous mitochondria. In this review, we provide an in-depth overview of mammalian mitophagy and its importance in human health and diseases. We also attempted to highlight the future area of investigation in the field of mitophagy. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:46:23Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6910cf33e82f4987889064e1affde7ae |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4409 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:46:23Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cells |
| spelling | doaj.art-6910cf33e82f4987889064e1affde7ae2023-11-23T11:19:14ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092021-12-011113810.3390/cells11010038Molecular Mechanisms and Regulation of Mammalian MitophagyVinay Choubey0Akbar Zeb1Allen Kaasik2Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Ravila 19, 50411 Tartu, EstoniaDepartment of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Ravila 19, 50411 Tartu, EstoniaDepartment of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Ravila 19, 50411 Tartu, EstoniaMitochondria in the cell are the center for energy production, essential biomolecule synthesis, and cell fate determination. Moreover, the mitochondrial functional versatility enables cells to adapt to the changes in cellular environment and various stresses. In the process of discharging its cellular duties, mitochondria face multiple types of challenges, such as oxidative stress, protein-related challenges (import, folding, and degradation) and mitochondrial DNA damage. They mitigate all these challenges with robust quality control mechanisms which include antioxidant defenses, proteostasis systems (chaperones and proteases) and mitochondrial biogenesis. Failure of these quality control mechanisms leaves mitochondria as terminally damaged, which then have to be promptly cleared from the cells before they become a threat to cell survival. Such damaged mitochondria are degraded by a selective form of autophagy called mitophagy. Rigorous research in the field has identified multiple types of mitophagy processes based on targeting signals on damaged or superfluous mitochondria. In this review, we provide an in-depth overview of mammalian mitophagy and its importance in human health and diseases. We also attempted to highlight the future area of investigation in the field of mitophagy.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/11/1/38PINK1PARKINmitophagyautophagyFUNDC1BNIP3 |
| spellingShingle | Vinay Choubey Akbar Zeb Allen Kaasik Molecular Mechanisms and Regulation of Mammalian Mitophagy Cells PINK1 PARKIN mitophagy autophagy FUNDC1 BNIP3 |
| title | Molecular Mechanisms and Regulation of Mammalian Mitophagy |
| title_full | Molecular Mechanisms and Regulation of Mammalian Mitophagy |
| title_fullStr | Molecular Mechanisms and Regulation of Mammalian Mitophagy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Molecular Mechanisms and Regulation of Mammalian Mitophagy |
| title_short | Molecular Mechanisms and Regulation of Mammalian Mitophagy |
| title_sort | molecular mechanisms and regulation of mammalian mitophagy |
| topic | PINK1 PARKIN mitophagy autophagy FUNDC1 BNIP3 |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/11/1/38 |
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