| Summary: | <i>Coilia nasus</i> is an important economic anadromous migratory fish of the Yangtze River in China. In recent years, overfishing and the deterioration of the ecological environment almost led to the extinction of the wild resources of <i>C.nasus</i>. Thus, there is an urgent need to protect this endangered fish. Recently, cell lines derived from fish have proven a promising tool for studying important aspects of aquaculture. In this study, a stable <i>C. nasus</i> gonadal somatic cell line (CnCSC) was established and characterized. After over one year of cell culture (>80 passages), this cell line kept stable growth. RT-PCR results revealed that the CnGSC expressed some somatic cell markers such as <i>clu</i>, <i>fshr</i>, <i>hsd3β,</i> and <i>sox9b</i> instead of germ cell markers like <i>dazl</i>, <i>piwi,</i> and <i>vasa</i>. The strong phagocytic activity of CnGSC suggested that it contained a large number of Sertoli cells. Interestingly, CnGSC could induce medaka spermatogonial cells (SG3) to differentiate into elongated spermatids while co-cultured together. In conclusion, we established a <i>C. nasus</i> gonadal somatic cell line capable of sperm induction <i>in vitro</i>. This research provides scientific evidence for the long-term culture of a gonadal cell line from farmed fish, which would lay the foundation for exploring the regulatory mechanisms between germ cells and somatic cells in fish.
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