Multi-Parameter Analysis of Groundwater Resources Quality in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Region (France) Using a Large Database
The aim of this work is to gain a better understanding of the diversity of groundwater resource quality in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region (France) using the national Sise-Eaux database. Three matrices were extracted, which included a hollow matrix (approximately 120,000 observations and 21 variable...
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MDPI AG
2023-12-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9276/12/12/143 |
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| author | Meryem Ayach Hajar Lazar Abderrahim Bousouis Abdessamad Touiouine Ilias Kacimi Vincent Valles Laurent Barbiero |
| author_facet | Meryem Ayach Hajar Lazar Abderrahim Bousouis Abdessamad Touiouine Ilias Kacimi Vincent Valles Laurent Barbiero |
| author_sort | Meryem Ayach |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The aim of this work is to gain a better understanding of the diversity of groundwater resource quality in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region (France) using the national Sise-Eaux database. Three matrices were extracted, which included a hollow matrix (approximately 120,000 observations and 21 variables) and two complete matrices (8078 observations with 13 variables each and 150 observations with 20 variables each, respectively). The mapping of these parameters, the chemical profiles of the water, and the characteristics of the variograms make it possible to estimate the importance of the temporal variance compared with the spatial variance. This distinction led to a typology separating 4 groups of chemical parameters and 2 groups of bacteriological parameters, highlighting the information redundancies linking several parameters. A PCA was used to considerably reduce the size of the hyperspace of the data. The study of the factorial axes combined with their distribution over the study area made it possible to discriminate and identify certain mechanisms for acquiring the physico-chemical and bacteriological characteristics of groundwater, the importance of lithology, the components of faecal contamination, and the role of environmental conditions. A typology of the parameters by hierarchical clustering on the major part of the information makes it possible to reduce the information to that carried by a few representative parameters. This work is a new step in understanding the diversity of groundwater resources in general, with a view to more targeted monitoring based on this diversity. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T20:24:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-693be02a4ed84ac6b266cd69f5a53190 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-9276 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T20:24:06Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Resources |
| spelling | doaj.art-693be02a4ed84ac6b266cd69f5a531902023-12-22T14:39:28ZengMDPI AGResources2079-92762023-12-01121214310.3390/resources12120143Multi-Parameter Analysis of Groundwater Resources Quality in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Region (France) Using a Large DatabaseMeryem Ayach0Hajar Lazar1Abderrahim Bousouis2Abdessamad Touiouine3Ilias Kacimi4Vincent Valles5Laurent Barbiero6Geosciences, Water and Environment Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Rabat, Mohammed V University, Rabat 10000, MoroccoGeosciences, Water and Environment Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Rabat, Mohammed V University, Rabat 10000, MoroccoLaboratoire de Géosciences, Faculté des Sciences, Université Ibn Tofaïl, BP 133, Kénitra 14000, MoroccoLaboratoire de Géosciences, Faculté des Sciences, Université Ibn Tofaïl, BP 133, Kénitra 14000, MoroccoGeosciences, Water and Environment Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Rabat, Mohammed V University, Rabat 10000, MoroccoMixed Research Unit EMMAH (Environnement Méditerranéen et Modélisation des Agro-Hydrosystèmes), Hydrogeology Laboratory, Avignon University, 84916 Avignon, FranceInstitut de Recherche pour le Développement, Géoscience Environnement Toulouse, CNRS, University of Toulouse, Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées, UMR 5563, 14 Avenue Edouard Belin, 31400 Toulouse, FranceThe aim of this work is to gain a better understanding of the diversity of groundwater resource quality in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region (France) using the national Sise-Eaux database. Three matrices were extracted, which included a hollow matrix (approximately 120,000 observations and 21 variables) and two complete matrices (8078 observations with 13 variables each and 150 observations with 20 variables each, respectively). The mapping of these parameters, the chemical profiles of the water, and the characteristics of the variograms make it possible to estimate the importance of the temporal variance compared with the spatial variance. This distinction led to a typology separating 4 groups of chemical parameters and 2 groups of bacteriological parameters, highlighting the information redundancies linking several parameters. A PCA was used to considerably reduce the size of the hyperspace of the data. The study of the factorial axes combined with their distribution over the study area made it possible to discriminate and identify certain mechanisms for acquiring the physico-chemical and bacteriological characteristics of groundwater, the importance of lithology, the components of faecal contamination, and the role of environmental conditions. A typology of the parameters by hierarchical clustering on the major part of the information makes it possible to reduce the information to that carried by a few representative parameters. This work is a new step in understanding the diversity of groundwater resources in general, with a view to more targeted monitoring based on this diversity.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9276/12/12/143water resourcegroundwater qualitySise-Eaux national databasePrincipal Component Analysischemical parametersbacteriological parameters |
| spellingShingle | Meryem Ayach Hajar Lazar Abderrahim Bousouis Abdessamad Touiouine Ilias Kacimi Vincent Valles Laurent Barbiero Multi-Parameter Analysis of Groundwater Resources Quality in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Region (France) Using a Large Database Resources water resource groundwater quality Sise-Eaux national database Principal Component Analysis chemical parameters bacteriological parameters |
| title | Multi-Parameter Analysis of Groundwater Resources Quality in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Region (France) Using a Large Database |
| title_full | Multi-Parameter Analysis of Groundwater Resources Quality in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Region (France) Using a Large Database |
| title_fullStr | Multi-Parameter Analysis of Groundwater Resources Quality in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Region (France) Using a Large Database |
| title_full_unstemmed | Multi-Parameter Analysis of Groundwater Resources Quality in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Region (France) Using a Large Database |
| title_short | Multi-Parameter Analysis of Groundwater Resources Quality in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Region (France) Using a Large Database |
| title_sort | multi parameter analysis of groundwater resources quality in the auvergne rhone alpes region france using a large database |
| topic | water resource groundwater quality Sise-Eaux national database Principal Component Analysis chemical parameters bacteriological parameters |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9276/12/12/143 |
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