Paternal genetic diversity, differentiation and phylogeny of three white yak breeds/populations in China
Abstract The white yak, a type of unique and valuable farm animals on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, are mainly distributed in Tianzhu (County of Gansu Province), Menyuan, Huzhu and Ledu (three Counties of Qinghai Province) in China. In the present study, the Y-chromosomal genetic diversity, differentia...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-23453-w |
| _version_ | 1811180237974667264 |
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| author | Jing Luo Xudong Wei Wenxian Liu Shengmei Chen Zulfiqar Ahmed Wenping Sun Chuzhao Lei Zhijie Ma |
| author_facet | Jing Luo Xudong Wei Wenxian Liu Shengmei Chen Zulfiqar Ahmed Wenping Sun Chuzhao Lei Zhijie Ma |
| author_sort | Jing Luo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract The white yak, a type of unique and valuable farm animals on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, are mainly distributed in Tianzhu (County of Gansu Province), Menyuan, Huzhu and Ledu (three Counties of Qinghai Province) in China. In the present study, the Y-chromosomal genetic diversity, differentiation and phylogeny of three Chinese white yak breeds/populations (Tianzhu, Huzhu and Menyuan) were comprehensively explored using five Y-SNPs (SRY4, USP9Y, UTY19, AMELY3 and OFD1Y10) and one Y-STR (INRA189) markers. The results showed that six Y-haplotypes (H1Y1, H9Y1, H10Y1, H11Y2, H12Y2 and H13Y2) were identified in 97 male yak from three white yak breeds/populations. Among these haplotypes, H1Y1, H10Y1 and H11Y2 were shared by all of breeds/populations and H12Y2 was shared by Tianzhu and Huzhu populations. However, H9Y1 and H13Y2 haplotypes were only detected in Menyuan and Tianzhu white yak populations, respectively. The Y-haplotype diversity was maximum in Huzhu white yak (0.7500 ± 0.0349), the medium in Tianzhu white yak (0.6881 ± 0.0614) and the lowest in Menyuan white yak (0.5720 ± 0.0657). The total Y-haplotype diversity of three white yak breeds/populations was 0.7567 ± 0.0233, indicating rich paternal genetic diversity in white yak. The F ST values showed a moderate differentiation between Tianzhu and Menyuan (F ST = 0.0763, P < 0.05) populations, but a weak differentiation between Huzhu and Tianzhu white yak breeds/populations (F ST = 0.0186, P > 0.05) and Huzhu and Menyuan (F ST = − 0.005, P > 0.05) populations. The clustering analysis revealed a close genetic relationship between Huzhu and Menyuan white yak, both were far from Tianzhu white yak breed. The phylogenetic analyses showed that white yak had two Y-haplogroups/lineages (Y1 and Y2) with two potential paternal origins. The findings of present study provide new insight into the basic information for the formulation of molecular breeding programs of white yak. Moreover, it also contributes to the conservation and utilization of this special animal genetic resource. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T06:47:53Z |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T06:47:53Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-694a41f8edb643838663e3080ff2402b2022-12-22T04:39:18ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222022-11-011211510.1038/s41598-022-23453-wPaternal genetic diversity, differentiation and phylogeny of three white yak breeds/populations in ChinaJing Luo0Xudong Wei1Wenxian Liu2Shengmei Chen3Zulfiqar Ahmed4Wenping Sun5Chuzhao Lei6Zhijie Ma7Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Qinghai UniversityAcademy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Qinghai UniversityAnimal Disease Prevention and Control Center of Menyuan County in Qinghai ProvinceAcademy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Qinghai UniversityFaculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Poonch RawalakotBureau of Agriculture, Animal Husbandry and Rural Science and Technology of Jiulong County in Sichuan ProvinceCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F UniversityAcademy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Qinghai UniversityAbstract The white yak, a type of unique and valuable farm animals on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, are mainly distributed in Tianzhu (County of Gansu Province), Menyuan, Huzhu and Ledu (three Counties of Qinghai Province) in China. In the present study, the Y-chromosomal genetic diversity, differentiation and phylogeny of three Chinese white yak breeds/populations (Tianzhu, Huzhu and Menyuan) were comprehensively explored using five Y-SNPs (SRY4, USP9Y, UTY19, AMELY3 and OFD1Y10) and one Y-STR (INRA189) markers. The results showed that six Y-haplotypes (H1Y1, H9Y1, H10Y1, H11Y2, H12Y2 and H13Y2) were identified in 97 male yak from three white yak breeds/populations. Among these haplotypes, H1Y1, H10Y1 and H11Y2 were shared by all of breeds/populations and H12Y2 was shared by Tianzhu and Huzhu populations. However, H9Y1 and H13Y2 haplotypes were only detected in Menyuan and Tianzhu white yak populations, respectively. The Y-haplotype diversity was maximum in Huzhu white yak (0.7500 ± 0.0349), the medium in Tianzhu white yak (0.6881 ± 0.0614) and the lowest in Menyuan white yak (0.5720 ± 0.0657). The total Y-haplotype diversity of three white yak breeds/populations was 0.7567 ± 0.0233, indicating rich paternal genetic diversity in white yak. The F ST values showed a moderate differentiation between Tianzhu and Menyuan (F ST = 0.0763, P < 0.05) populations, but a weak differentiation between Huzhu and Tianzhu white yak breeds/populations (F ST = 0.0186, P > 0.05) and Huzhu and Menyuan (F ST = − 0.005, P > 0.05) populations. The clustering analysis revealed a close genetic relationship between Huzhu and Menyuan white yak, both were far from Tianzhu white yak breed. The phylogenetic analyses showed that white yak had two Y-haplogroups/lineages (Y1 and Y2) with two potential paternal origins. The findings of present study provide new insight into the basic information for the formulation of molecular breeding programs of white yak. Moreover, it also contributes to the conservation and utilization of this special animal genetic resource.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-23453-w |
| spellingShingle | Jing Luo Xudong Wei Wenxian Liu Shengmei Chen Zulfiqar Ahmed Wenping Sun Chuzhao Lei Zhijie Ma Paternal genetic diversity, differentiation and phylogeny of three white yak breeds/populations in China Scientific Reports |
| title | Paternal genetic diversity, differentiation and phylogeny of three white yak breeds/populations in China |
| title_full | Paternal genetic diversity, differentiation and phylogeny of three white yak breeds/populations in China |
| title_fullStr | Paternal genetic diversity, differentiation and phylogeny of three white yak breeds/populations in China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Paternal genetic diversity, differentiation and phylogeny of three white yak breeds/populations in China |
| title_short | Paternal genetic diversity, differentiation and phylogeny of three white yak breeds/populations in China |
| title_sort | paternal genetic diversity differentiation and phylogeny of three white yak breeds populations in china |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-23453-w |
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