Diagnostic Simplexes for Dissolved-Gas Analysis
A Duval triangle is a diagram used for fault type identification in dissolved-gas analysis of oil-filled high-voltage transformers and other electrical apparatus. The proportional concentrations of three fault gases (such as methane, ethylene, and acetylene) are used as coordinates to plot a point i...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2020-12-01
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| Series: | Energies |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/23/6459 |
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| author | James Dukarm Zachary Draper Tomasz Piotrowski |
| author_facet | James Dukarm Zachary Draper Tomasz Piotrowski |
| author_sort | James Dukarm |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A Duval triangle is a diagram used for fault type identification in dissolved-gas analysis of oil-filled high-voltage transformers and other electrical apparatus. The proportional concentrations of three fault gases (such as methane, ethylene, and acetylene) are used as coordinates to plot a point in an equilateral triangle and identify the fault zone in which it is located. Each point in the triangle corresponds to a unique combination of gas proportions. Diagnostic pentagons published by Duval and others seek to emulate the triangles while incorporating five fault gases instead of three. Unfortunately the mapping of five gas proportions to a point inside a two-dimensional pentagon is many-to-one; consequently, dissimilar combinations of gas proportions are mapped to the same point in the pentagon, resulting in mis-diagnosis. One solution is to replace the pentagon with a four-dimensional simplex, a direct generalization of the Duval triangle. In a comparison using cases confirmed by inspection, the simplex outperformed three ratio methods, Duval triangle 1, and two pentagons. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:16:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-694dfb06de614444b10f05144ec1e1dd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:16:33Z |
| publishDate | 2020-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-694dfb06de614444b10f05144ec1e1dd2023-11-20T23:43:37ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732020-12-011323645910.3390/en13236459Diagnostic Simplexes for Dissolved-Gas AnalysisJames Dukarm0Zachary Draper1Tomasz Piotrowski2Delta-X Research Inc., Victoria, BC V8R6T4, CanadaDelta-X Research Inc., Victoria, BC V8R6T4, CanadaInstitute of Electrical Power Engineering, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Lodz, PolandA Duval triangle is a diagram used for fault type identification in dissolved-gas analysis of oil-filled high-voltage transformers and other electrical apparatus. The proportional concentrations of three fault gases (such as methane, ethylene, and acetylene) are used as coordinates to plot a point in an equilateral triangle and identify the fault zone in which it is located. Each point in the triangle corresponds to a unique combination of gas proportions. Diagnostic pentagons published by Duval and others seek to emulate the triangles while incorporating five fault gases instead of three. Unfortunately the mapping of five gas proportions to a point inside a two-dimensional pentagon is many-to-one; consequently, dissimilar combinations of gas proportions are mapped to the same point in the pentagon, resulting in mis-diagnosis. One solution is to replace the pentagon with a four-dimensional simplex, a direct generalization of the Duval triangle. In a comparison using cases confirmed by inspection, the simplex outperformed three ratio methods, Duval triangle 1, and two pentagons.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/23/6459Duval triangleDuval pentagonMansour pentagonbarycentricsimplexfault type |
| spellingShingle | James Dukarm Zachary Draper Tomasz Piotrowski Diagnostic Simplexes for Dissolved-Gas Analysis Energies Duval triangle Duval pentagon Mansour pentagon barycentric simplex fault type |
| title | Diagnostic Simplexes for Dissolved-Gas Analysis |
| title_full | Diagnostic Simplexes for Dissolved-Gas Analysis |
| title_fullStr | Diagnostic Simplexes for Dissolved-Gas Analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Diagnostic Simplexes for Dissolved-Gas Analysis |
| title_short | Diagnostic Simplexes for Dissolved-Gas Analysis |
| title_sort | diagnostic simplexes for dissolved gas analysis |
| topic | Duval triangle Duval pentagon Mansour pentagon barycentric simplex fault type |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/23/6459 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT jamesdukarm diagnosticsimplexesfordissolvedgasanalysis AT zacharydraper diagnosticsimplexesfordissolvedgasanalysis AT tomaszpiotrowski diagnosticsimplexesfordissolvedgasanalysis |