Thermoplastic Composite Materials Approach for More Circular Components: From Monomer to In Situ Polymerization, a Review
To move toward eco-sustainable and circular composites, one of the most effective solutions is to create thermoplastic composites. The strong commitment of world organizations in the field of safeguarding the planet has directed the research of these materials toward production processes with a lowe...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Journal of Composites Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2504-477X/6/5/132 |
| _version_ | 1797498806020866048 |
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| author | Marco Valente Ilaria Rossitti Ilario Biblioteca Matteo Sambucci |
| author_facet | Marco Valente Ilaria Rossitti Ilario Biblioteca Matteo Sambucci |
| author_sort | Marco Valente |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | To move toward eco-sustainable and circular composites, one of the most effective solutions is to create thermoplastic composites. The strong commitment of world organizations in the field of safeguarding the planet has directed the research of these materials toward production processes with a lower environmental impact and a strong propensity to recycle the polymeric part. Under its chemical properties, Nylon 6 is the polymer that best satisfies this specific trade-off. The most common production processes that use a thermosetting matrix are described. Subsequently, the work aimed at investigating the use of thermoplastics in the same processes to obtain comparable performances with the materials that are currently used. Particular attention was given to the in situ anionic polymerization process of Nylon 6, starting from the ε-caprolactam monomer. The dependencies of the process parameters, such as temperature, time, pressure, humidity, and concentration of initiators and activators, were therefore investigated with reference to the vacuum infusion technique, currently optimized only to produce thermosetting matrix composites, but promising for the realization of thermoplastic matrix composite; this is the reason why we chose to focus our attention on the vacuum infusion. Finally, three production processes of the polymeric matrix and glass fiber composites were compared in terms of carbon footprint and cumulative energy demand (CED) through life-cycle assessment (LCA). |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:38:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-694f6fb926b04eaf9728fc23a2fef06f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2504-477X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:38:40Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Composites Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-694f6fb926b04eaf9728fc23a2fef06f2023-11-23T11:37:34ZengMDPI AGJournal of Composites Science2504-477X2022-04-016513210.3390/jcs6050132Thermoplastic Composite Materials Approach for More Circular Components: From Monomer to In Situ Polymerization, a ReviewMarco Valente0Ilaria Rossitti1Ilario Biblioteca2Matteo Sambucci3Department of Chemical Engineering, Materials, Environment, Sapienza University of Rome, 00184 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Materials, Environment, Sapienza University of Rome, 00184 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Materials, Environment, Sapienza University of Rome, 00184 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Materials, Environment, Sapienza University of Rome, 00184 Rome, ItalyTo move toward eco-sustainable and circular composites, one of the most effective solutions is to create thermoplastic composites. The strong commitment of world organizations in the field of safeguarding the planet has directed the research of these materials toward production processes with a lower environmental impact and a strong propensity to recycle the polymeric part. Under its chemical properties, Nylon 6 is the polymer that best satisfies this specific trade-off. The most common production processes that use a thermosetting matrix are described. Subsequently, the work aimed at investigating the use of thermoplastics in the same processes to obtain comparable performances with the materials that are currently used. Particular attention was given to the in situ anionic polymerization process of Nylon 6, starting from the ε-caprolactam monomer. The dependencies of the process parameters, such as temperature, time, pressure, humidity, and concentration of initiators and activators, were therefore investigated with reference to the vacuum infusion technique, currently optimized only to produce thermosetting matrix composites, but promising for the realization of thermoplastic matrix composite; this is the reason why we chose to focus our attention on the vacuum infusion. Finally, three production processes of the polymeric matrix and glass fiber composites were compared in terms of carbon footprint and cumulative energy demand (CED) through life-cycle assessment (LCA).https://www.mdpi.com/2504-477X/6/5/132thermoplastic resincastingchemical propertiesanionic polyamide 6vacuum infusioncomposite LCA |
| spellingShingle | Marco Valente Ilaria Rossitti Ilario Biblioteca Matteo Sambucci Thermoplastic Composite Materials Approach for More Circular Components: From Monomer to In Situ Polymerization, a Review Journal of Composites Science thermoplastic resin casting chemical properties anionic polyamide 6 vacuum infusion composite LCA |
| title | Thermoplastic Composite Materials Approach for More Circular Components: From Monomer to In Situ Polymerization, a Review |
| title_full | Thermoplastic Composite Materials Approach for More Circular Components: From Monomer to In Situ Polymerization, a Review |
| title_fullStr | Thermoplastic Composite Materials Approach for More Circular Components: From Monomer to In Situ Polymerization, a Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Thermoplastic Composite Materials Approach for More Circular Components: From Monomer to In Situ Polymerization, a Review |
| title_short | Thermoplastic Composite Materials Approach for More Circular Components: From Monomer to In Situ Polymerization, a Review |
| title_sort | thermoplastic composite materials approach for more circular components from monomer to in situ polymerization a review |
| topic | thermoplastic resin casting chemical properties anionic polyamide 6 vacuum infusion composite LCA |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2504-477X/6/5/132 |
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